浙大英语04年考博试题

浙江大学考博英语03年秋词汇题
1. Hoping that he might be able to _____the problem,I asked Manio to look at the engine.
A . shed light on B. make light of C. bring light to D. set light to
2. His_____ and unwillingless to learn from others prevent him from being an effective member of the team.
A. arrogance B. dignity C. humility D. solitude
3. The economy grew at its fastest rate since 1980 thanks to a(n)______in world trade.
A. inflation B. stimulus C. bulge D. boom
4. He decided he was going to take______ for the murder of his sister
A. refuge B. testify C. certify D. allege
5. No one expected him to ____against his former employer.
A. dedare B. testify C. certify D. allege
6. Rachel was the_____ choice for the job thanks to her communication skills
A. unanimous B. genuine C. harmnious D. agreeable
7. The police detective put together the pieces of evidence to form on ____ account.
A. senstive B. genuine C. expressive D. coherent
8. You should have your eyes examined_____to be sure of your eyesight.
A. periodically B. persistently C. continuously D. continually
9. You should treat those remarks with the ___ that they deserve don’t give them a second thought.
A. negative B. disgrace C. contempt D. sarcasm
10 The book is a rain attempt to ____ the name of one of the worst dictators in modern history.
A. worship B. glorify C. adore D. cherish
11 The government is seeking to ___ itself from the latest financial.
A. detach B. extract C. derive D. ease
12 Heavy rainful in the south of England means that flooding is____
A. imminent B. momentous C. transient D. prospective
13 He____ his assistant to pick up the plans from the office.
A. dispose B. dispensed C. dispatched D. dispersed
14 I didn't ignore her_____ just didn't recognize her.
A. attentively B. intensively C. intentionally D. intensely
15 You will only be allowed to leave early in_____ circumstances
A. exceptional B. concidental C. peculiar D. imperative
参考答案： A A D B B A D A A B B A C C A
浙江大学考博英语04年春词汇题
1. It is important to keep the factory working at ____ efficiency all the time.
A optimistic B optimum C optical D optional
2. We need to take steps to counter the _____ decline in our export market.
A lingering B chronic C lengthy D abiding
3. Her handwriting is so bad that it is barely____
A legible B intelligible C distinctive D conceivable
4. We are going to____ what were learned so for by doing some revision exercise today.
A consolidate B reinforce C affirm D conform
5. Kerin made one last____attempt to persuade Sandra to go with him and then left
A considerable B trival C futile D resultant
6. The school agree to ___ their decision until they had spoken to his parents.
A convert B retain C deter D expel
7. Repullican Party member were confidently ____ victory even as the first few votes come in
A acclaining B reclaining C exclaining D proclaiming
8. The___between the two sets of figures suggests that someone had been stealing money from the bank
A discrepancy B conflict C contrast D divergence
9. The idea that a good night sleep will cure everything is a complete _____
A defect B fallacy C fraud D abuse
10 Before a bill can become law it has to have the full ____ of both Houses of Parliament.
A justification B warrant C endorsement D verification
11 The image is ____ by a series of lenses within the telescope
A magnified B signified C extended D expanded
12 Strangely enough the most obvious explanation did not ___Juckie until the next day
A stumble on B occur to C come up with D stand up to
13 The government wants a 3% inflation rate, but is this a ___ objective?
A reflective B flexible C feeble D feasible
14 She has still ___ by what happened in Bancelona, although she had left 20years earlier
A haunted B frequented C recalled D sustained
15 The hands on my alarm clock are____.So I can tell time in the dark
A imminent B luminous C illumination D illustrative
参考答案：B B A A C B D A B C A B D A B
浙江大学考博英语04年秋词汇题
（大部分与03年秋以及04年春词汇部分重复，不同的有）
1. You can't cure a common cold, but you can ____ the symptoms.
A moderate B alleviate C dilute D subdue
2. For years scientists have been ___ by the strange circles that have appeared in cornfields.
A tangled B terrified C evoked D baffled
3. The flood was a___ from which Bangladesh has never really recored.
A calamity B downfall C reverse D scandal
4 Our company's management____negotiations on a new union contract
A launched B triggered C terminated D preserved
参考答案：B D A A
浙江大学考博英语05年春词汇题
1. If wool is submerged in hot water,it tend to___
A snap B shrink C fade D condense
2. His last play was ___ by the critics as a masterpiece
A claimed B proclaimed C exclaimed D acclaimed
3. It is the builder’s job to make sure that the house conforms to the architects___ in every way.
A regulations B specialities C essentials D specifications
4.Your letter has been___ to the authority concerned.
A transited B transfered C transported D transmitted
5.Among her many___ are loyalty ,courage andtruthfulness
A virtues B morals C characters D graces
6 The soldiers___ their arms as thay marched.
A swayed B swung C swerved D swelled
7. The country's constitution___ the ideals of equality and freedom.
A embodies B symbolizes C marks D represents
8. It was ___ whether the patient will survive the operation
A vague B suspicious C ambiguous D doubtful
9, The brochure______us into thinking that our hotel was only five minutes from the beach
A trapped B frightened C engaged D misled
10 "I'm far too busy to talk to you now." he said, in his usual____manner.
A rigid B steep C abrupt D stern
11 He's rich and keeps____about how much money he's got to impress people
A exaggerating B boasting C admiring D inspiring
12 She was____enough to realize right from the start that he was lying.
A initiative B pervasive C imaginative D perceptive
13 The two countries___ their peace efforts after a break of two and a half years
A rebuked B renewed C reviewed D reclaimed
14 People always greet each other warmly,____ their different origins and beliefs.
A in regard to B in contrast with C with respect to D regardless of
15 The express train from London___ on time.
A pulled up B pulled over C pulled in D pulled through
参考答案：B D D B A B A D D C B D B D C

浙江大学考博试题
Section I Listening comprehension (20 marks, 1 mark each)
Part A (Write not more than 3 words)
Part B (Write not more than 5 words)
Part C

Section II Vocabulary (15 marks, 1 mark each)
21. It is important to keep the factory working at _____ efficiency all the time.
A. optimistic B. chronic C. optical D. optional
22. We need to take steps to counter the _____ decline in our export market.
A. lingering B. chronic C. lengthy D. abiding
23. Her handwriting is so bad that it is barely _____.
A. legible B. intelligible C. distinctive D. conceivable
24. We’re going to _____ what we’ve learned so far by doing some revision exercises today.
A. consolidate B. reinforce C. affirm D. conform
25. Kevin made one last _____ attempt to persuade Sandra to go with him, then left.
A. considerable B. trivial C. futile D. resistant
26. The school agreed to _____ their decision until they had spoken to William’s parents.
A. convert B. retain C. defer D. expel
27. Republican party members were confidently _____ victory even as the first few votes came in.
A. acclaiming B. reclaiming C. exclaiming D. proclaiming
28. The _____ between the two sets of figures suggests that someone has been stealing money from the bank.
A. discrepancy B. conflict C. contrast D. divergence
29. The idea that a good night’s sleep will cure everything is a complete _____.
A. defect B. fallacy C. fraud D. abuse
30. Before a bill can become law it has to have the full _____ of both Houses of Parliament.
A. justification B. warrant C. endorsement D. verification
31. The image is _____ by a series of lenses within the telescope.
A. magnified B. signified C. extended D. expanded
32. Strangely enough, the most obvious explanation did not _____ Jackie until the next day.
A. Stumble on B. occur to C. come up with D. stand up to
33. The Government wants a 3% inflation rate, but is this a _____ objective?
A. reflective B. flexible C. feeble D. feasible
34. She was still _____ by what happened in Barcelona, although she had left twenty years earlier.
A. haunted B. frequented C. recalled D. sustained
35. The hands on my alarm clock are _____ so I can tell the time in the dark.
A. imminent B. prominent C. illuminate D. luminant

Section III Cloze Test (20 marks, 1 mark each)
The Canadian government is introducing one of the _____ anti-tobacco laws in the world. __37__, health groups are describing the bill as a missed opportunity because it fails to include __38__ proposals that were considered in previous __39__.
The law introduces strict __40__ on the sale and advertising of tobacco. Companies will have to __41__ the contents of cigarette smoke. __42__ giving tar and nicotine contents on cigarette packets, says the government, __43__ will be required to list other toxic constituents of smoke alongside their __44__. But with some 4000 such toxic components, the government plans to __45__ only a handful on each packet.
Health groups __46__ this move, but are disappointed that the law fails to demand that cigarettes be __47__ in generic white packets with the brand name given in standard black lettering. “We have a major __48__ here,” says LeGresley.
The new bill, which is __49__ by the Canadian Tobacco Manufacturers’ Council as “very extreme”, is now being rushed through parliament. It is designed to discourage cigarette sales to the young, __50__. Young people buying cigarettes will have to show proof of age, just __51__ they do for alcohol. The bill also __52__ cigarette ending machines and mail-order sales.
Some advertising will be permitted. Tobacco companies are still forbidden to advertise on television or radio, but will be allowed to place advertisements in publications where __53__ is mostly __54__, such as daily newspapers. __55__ of sporting and cultural events, which may be shown on television, will also be allowed.

36. A. toughest B. universal C. reasonable D. flexible
37. A. Even so B. Even though C. On the contrary D. On the whole
38. A. adventurous B. sensible C. controversial D. innovative
39. A. sketches B. drafts C. codes D. regulations
40. A. controls B. bans C. disciplines D. orders
41. A. incorporate B. comprise C. disclose D. confess
42. A. Rather than B. As well as C. In spite of D. In view of
43. A. manufacturers B. advertisers C. dealers D. consumers
44. A. capacities B. components C. implications D. quantities
45. A. attach B. enclose C. highlight D. discriminate
46. A. appraise B. assess C. applaud D. compliment
47. A. sold B. promoted C. introduce D. sealed
48. A. setback B. misfortune C. hardship D. adversity
49. A. commented B. described C. hailed D. reflected
50. A. in part B. in particular C. in general D. in haste
51. A. as B. since C. when D. if
52. A. objects B. promotes C. notifies D. prohibits
53. A. employee B. audience C. spectator D. readership
54. A. adult B. professional C. adolescence D. female
55. A. Broadcasting B. Sponsorship C. Advertising D. Coverage

Section IV Reading Comprehension (20 marks, 1 mark each)
Passage 1-4 (56-75)

Section V Translation (25 marks)
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (21) ____ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (22) ____ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (23) ____ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society that children commit crimes in (24) ____ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status (25) ____ as a rejection of middle-class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, (26) ____ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (27) ____ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (28) ____ to criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly (29) ____ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (30) ____ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (31) ____ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (32) ____ lead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also (33) ____ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; (34) ____, children are likely to have less supervision at home (35) ____ was common in the traditional family (36) ____. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other (37) ____ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased (38) ____ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing (39) ____ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, (40) ____ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

21.[A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] cementing
22.[A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because
23.[A] interactions　 [B] assimilation　 [C] cooperation　 [D] consultation
24.[A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response
25.[A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else
26.[A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding
27.[A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with
28.[A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject
29.[A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect
30.[A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount
31.[A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length
32.[A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence
33.[A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced
34.[A] contrarily　 [B] consequently　 [C] similarly　 [D] simultaneously
35.[A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as
36.[A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage
37.[A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible
38.[A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability
39.[A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity
40.[A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposing

Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 23, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 24 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 25 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 30 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 31 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 33 visible in the background.
In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have 34 attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37. This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.

21.［A］thought ［B］idea ［C］opinion ［D］advice
22.［A］strengthen ［B］accommodate ［C］stimulate ［D］enhance
23.［A］care ［B］nutrition ［C］exercise ［D］leisure
24.［A］If ［B］Although ［C］Whereas ［D］Because
25.［A］assistance ［B］guidance ［C］confidence ［D］tolerance
26.［A］claimed ［B］admired ［C］ignored ［D］surpassed
27.［A］improper ［B］risky ［C］fair ［D］wise
28.［A］in effect ［B］as a result ［C］for example ［D］in a sense
29.［A］displaying ［B］describing ［C］creating ［D］exchanging
30.［A］durable ［B］excessive ［C］surplus ［D］multiple
31.［A］group ［B］individual ［C］personnel ［D］corporation
32.［A］consent ［B］insurance ［C］admission ［D］security
33.［A］particularly ［B］barely ［C］definitely ［D］rarely
34.［A］similar ［B］long ［C］different ［D］short
35.［A］if only ［B］now that ［C］so that ［D］even if
36.［A］everything ［B］anything ［C］nothing ［D］something
37.［A］off ［B］down ［C］out ［D］alone
38.［A］On the contrary ［B］On the average［C］On the whole ［D］On the other hand
39.［A］making ［B］standing ［C］planning ［D］taking
40.［A］capabilities ［B］responsibilities ［C］proficiency ［D］efficiency

Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 21 As was discussed before, it was not 22 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 23, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 24 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 25 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 26 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 27 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in 28 . It is important to do so.
It is generally recognized, 29, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 30 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process. 31 its impact on the media was not immediately 32. As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became "personal" too, as well as 33 , with display becoming sharper and storage 34 increasing. They were thought of, like people, 35 generations, with the distance between generations much 36 .
It was within the computer age that the term "information society" began to be widely used to describe the 37 within which we now live. The communications revolution has 38 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 39 views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. "Benefits" have been weighed 40 "harmful" outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.

21. [A] between [B] before [C] since [D] later
22. [A] after [B] by [C] during [D] until
23. [A] means [B] method [C] medium [D] measure
24. [A] process [B] company [C] light [D] form
25. [A] gathered [B] speeded [C] worked [D] picked
26. [A] on [B] out [C] over [D] off
27. [A] of [B] for [C] beyond [D] into
28. [A] concept [B] dimension [C] effect [D] perspective
29. [A] indeed [B] hence [C] however [D] therefore
30. [A] brought [B] followed [C] stimulated [D] characterized
31. [A] unless [B] since [C] lest [D] although
32. [A] apparent [B] desirable [C] negative [D] plausible
33. [A] institutional [B] universal [C] fundamental [D] instrumental
34. [A] ability [B] capability [C] capacity [D] faculty
35. [A] by means of [B] in terms of [C] with regard to [D] in line with
36. [A] deeper [B] fewer [C] nearer [D] smaller
37. [A] context [B] range [C]scope [D] territory
38. [A] regarded [B] impressed [C] influenced [D] effected
39. [A] competitive [B] controversial [C] distracting [D] irrational
40. [A] above [B] upon [C] against [D] with

现代人们所面临的生活压力很大，如果一个人他没有在30岁以前有一个好的工作，一个好的合作伙伴，一部汽车，一座大房子，那么这个人与其他成功的人相比就是失败的
Modern people faced life pressure very heavy, if a person he did not have one kind job before 30 years old, a good cooperative partner, an automobile, a large house, then compared with other successful persons this person fails
失败的人很痛苦，而成功的人可能也不快乐。
The failed person is very in pain, and the successful person may be unhappy.

失败对人都是痛苦的事，但失败也常常是珍贵的。大多数孩子在发现他们的高等数学不及格时，他们会感到痛苦，但是实际上他们从失败中却更好地了解自己。他们认识到自己不适合成为工程师或物理学家，认识到他们不会擅长于财会工作或与统计有关的工作。因此，如果孩子门从失败中得出正确的结论的话，失败也有助于孩子们过上更为幸福的生活。
Failures are all the pain in the neck to people, but it is often precious to fail. Most children, while finding that their higher mathematics fails, they will feel agony, but they understand oneself from failing better in fact. They realize they are unsuitable to become the engineer or the physicist, realize that they will not be good at financial accounting or the work related to counting . So, if child\'s door draws correct conclusion from failing, failing helps the children to live happier life either.

在当今竞争激烈的职场上，交流能力往往决定就业还是失业，在寻找优秀的科研人员时，机构和公司看重专业证明（Science Credentials）以外的技能。最成功的科学家不仅谙熟学科，而且懂得管理人群，管理技能对于刚起步的小公司尤其重要，因为公司的存亡可能取决于一个产品的成功与否。公司越小，就越需要你成为多面手。假如你是个出色的化学家，但是沟通能力一塌糊涂，公司就得完蛋。!
On with keen competition career nowadays, it is still the unemployment that communication skills often decide to obtain employment , while looking for outstanding scientific research personnel, the technical ability that the organization and company value the speciality beyond proving ( Science Credentials ). The most successful scientist is not only well versed in discipline but also know how to manage crowds, the management skill is especially important to the little company that just started, because the survival or perish of the company may depend on the succeeding or not of a product . The smaller the company is, the more need you to become the many-sided person . If you are an outstanding chemist, but link up ability in a complete mess, the company must be finished.

有几件事你们应该清楚，第一，自我激励与减轻压力是直接相关的。第二，并非所有的压力都是负面的。第三，既然是我们给自己制造压力，我们就能够控制它。第四，我们有控制压力的行之有效的方法，如果我们不愿尽最大的努力减轻压力，增强动力，我们就回给自己及他人带来无限的痛苦，没有一蹴而就的成功，如果我们能够成功处理生活中的压力，我们才有可能获得自我激励。你的个人成长取决于努力，取决于你愿意把振奋和放松精神的方法付诸实践。
There are several things you should be clear , first, it is relevant directly to encourage and lighten the pressure oneself. Second, it is not that all pressures are negative. Third, since we make the pressure for oneself, we can control it . Fourth, we have effectual method to control the pressure, if we are unwilling to do one's best to lighten the pressure, strengthening motive force, we bring the limitless agony to oneself and others, without success of accomplishing in one move, if we can succeed in dealing with the pressure in life , we may just get oneself and encourage . Your personal growth depends on efforts, depend on you would like to put inspiring and relaxing the method of spirit into practice

2002年Translation(80 minutes, 30 marks)
从成年羊细胞克隆（clone）的羊不仅开辟了广阔的科学上的可能性，也带来了道德上的窘境，一个外表普通名叫多利（Dolly）的羊羔照片上周成为全球报纸杂志的头版，这是因为她惊人的出生：她是一位成年羊的一模一样的复制品，没有父亲。
尽管研究工作者们已经清楚表明他们认为改变他们的技术来克隆人是不道德的，但他们的示范还是提供了令人不安的前景：别人不一定会如此有所顾忌，克隆人意味着妇女原则上不用男人的帮助也能繁殖。
已经有好几个国家宣布禁止克隆人的研究。但是如果克隆人证明确实是可行的话，那将不可能阻止医生克隆人——如果不在这个国家就可能在那个国家。
克隆需要技术和耐心，但是所需要的设备则是生物实验室的普通之物，确实，有些研究人员已经宣布他们克隆了猴子，另外一些则在好几年前就知道如何利用相同的技术克隆母牛和兔子，因此可能不需要太多的投资就能建立一个研究中心来克隆病人。

Translation (25 marks)
76. 现在的年轻人心怀不切实际的抱负，追逐地位和财富，正在把自己弄得很痛苦。在最近的一个调查报告里，半数以上年轻人说：如果他们到30岁还没有一个长期的合作伙伴，银行里没有存款，没有一个高级的事业职位，没有一辆豪华车，没有家，他们会感到好似失败了。显而易见，这是治疗痛苦的妙方。但是不可避免地，只有少数人会实现这些目标，而大多数人觉得自己失败了。更何况，即使表面上看似赢家的人也身处感到好像是失败者的大风险之中。

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