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【too...to 结构表示肯定含义的情况】 NrqJf-ldo
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我们知道too...to结构一般表示否定含义,意为"太...以致于不能"eg:He is too old to work. X8)k'h
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但too...to在下列情况下却表示肯定含义: ^&>B,;Wu
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(1)当too前或to前有否定词构成双重否定时. *] ihc u
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eg:English is not too difficult to learn. 英语并不太难学.
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He is too wise not to see that. 他很聪明,不会不懂这一点. `c
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(2)当too后是glad, pleased, happy, delighted, satisfied, ready, willing, kind, apt, good, true, easy, near, careful, well, early, delicious, eager, anxious等形容词或副词时. QG5WsuT
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eg:They are too anxious to leave. y[_k/.1
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他们急于离开. 0S{23L4C
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He is too ready to help others. (D>_O$o
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他总是乐于助人. !Z$d<~Mq q
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与这些词连用时,too前还常加上only,all,but,just,simply等副词,意思不变,因为这些词加上too后与very同义. $TIeeTB
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eg:I'm only too glad to see you . L `1 ITz
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见到你非常高兴. TQ"XjbhU;X
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They are but too pleased to hear the news. S=qh7ML
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他们听到这个消息,非常高兴. hP6f
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(3)与cannot连用时. 2-4N)q
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eg:You cannot be too careful(=You can never be careful enough) to do your homework. $TUYxf0q
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你做作业越仔细越好(=无论怎样仔细也不过分). khy'Y&\F;
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(4)当不定式在句中作定语或真正的主语时. l(>6Yq
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eg:There are too many problems to be solved. Mq>
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有很多问题有待解决. {hS!IOM
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It is too much to say that he is a fool. %2 r~
every表示”每隔“的用法 <nk|Z'G E
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(1)“every other+单数名词” |
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意思是“每隔一。。。” NM. e4
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如:every other day 每隔一天 every other tree 每隔一棵树 //8W"> u
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(2)“every+基数词+复数名词”或“every+序数词+单数名词” cK$yr)7
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意思是“每隔。。。”(较英语数词少一个) W2{w<<\$3}
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如:every three days=every third day 每隔两天(或者译为每三天) eT%x(
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因此every two days=every other day 每隔一天(或者译为每两天) ^wy
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(3)“every few+复数名词” QQAEG#.5
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意思是“每隔几。。。” 如:every few days(每隔几天) {\>4)TA
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非谓语动词 qT
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非谓语动词主要包括不定式、的动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义,我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、的宾语、的宾语补足语、的定语、的状语、的表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。 ?e9tnk3
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1.不定式和动名词作主语的区别 &A
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(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 QN8+Uj/zx
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Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) k _t|)
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It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) J@>|`9T9$
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(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。 vapC5,W"2-
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不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。 bB4FjC':
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Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验) "nr?WcA
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Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) RrxbsG1HP
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(3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。 `N[@lV\xp!
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It took me only five minutes to finish the job. emQc%wd{
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2.不定式、的动名词和分词作表语的区别 l4DBGZB
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(1)不定式作表语 QE/kR!r
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1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。 f5//?ek
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To do two things at a time is to do neither.--次做两件事等于未做。 pk u\)
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What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。 j![1
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2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。 -e$ T}3IV
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To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。 H6Zo|n
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To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。 /w?zO,!
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3)如果主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,happiness,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等为中心的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。 nKd'5f1
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His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future.他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。 #-b}QhxH
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The function of Louis Sullivan’s architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior. E<D^j^T
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The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant. @r<2]RXlc
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(2)动名词作表语:动名词作表语,表示抽象的一般性的行为。 )Ko~6.:5H
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Our work is serving the people.我们的工作是为人民服务。 oR%cG"y
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His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。 8B+C[Q:+'
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(注)动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同,但其所属结构迥异,进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语,说明主语的性质或情况。 &hZ.K"@7{
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People cannot but feel puzzled,for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake. P}=n^*8(I
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His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected. %jx<<hW
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(3)分词作表语 yXIJeo"
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分词做表语有两种情况,一种是现在分词做表语,一种是过去分词做表语,这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说,表示心理状态的动词如excite,interest等都是及物动词,汉语意思不是“激动”,“高兴”,而是“使激动”、的“使高兴”,因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、的“令人高兴的”,过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以,凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式,凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。换句话说,若人对……感兴趣,就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有兴趣时,就是说sb./sth. is interesting.这类词常见的有: ;FuST
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interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的 Kc@Sw{JR#7
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exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的 |}8SjZcQW
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delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的 [ns==gDD
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disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的 pI.8Ip_r
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encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的 }fef* >>}
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pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的 x&JD
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puzzling令人费解的--puzzled感到费解的 m$hkmD|
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satisfying令人满意的---satisfied感到满意的 <Vo
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surprising令人惊异的--surprised感到惊异的 1A*
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worrying令人担心的--worried感到担心的 G
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Traveling is interesting but tiring.旅行是有趣的,但是使人疲劳。 2qV oe}F
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The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.如果要学生学得太多,他们会感到糊涂的。 py%~Qz%
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The argument is very convincing.他的论点很令人信服。 MXDCOe~07
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They were very excited at the news.听到这个消息,他们非常激动。 YRv96|c,