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1.定义 J|[`8 *8
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 Q
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: OPwO`pN
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 JIyIQg'5i
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. OM
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 Oy/+uw^
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. /IN/SZx
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 _ s[v:c
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 c0%%X!!$
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. ard<T}|N
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 p}'uCT
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 Ibd
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. B|Rnh;B-
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 I~$LIdzw
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” 0NB6S&lI^k
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 \1[I(u
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. ,))UQ7N
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。 a<%WFix
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 p1Q[c0NMK
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. !<!sB)
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 ~(tZW
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 AC=cz!3iB
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. v.)'be*u
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 J"8bRp=/|
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. PG9won5_
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 1 ,o C:N
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. VG+Yhm<SL
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 ]c+qD,wqt>
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2.考博真题 @y->4`N
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) {g l-tRC3
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这是一个主从复合句。 jfl7L
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: W$N_GR'4
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers X6!u(plVQ
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 CCp{ZH s
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… @8|- C
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that "X>Z!>
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. xRP#}i:m
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if f 7y1V(t
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 Xl2Fgg}#
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 6
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition X"y rA;,o
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 Q68&CO(rE
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. fR~_5pt7
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这是一个主从复合句。 &%>l9~F'~
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: WT;=K0W6&
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主句:the astronauts feel… `D>PU@s$nT
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed IwZn%>1N
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when R^1sbmwk
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. IU{~{(p"
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if J|W~\(W6i
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 rqxoqc Z
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 -m(9*b{h@
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? 3Nd&*QSV
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这是一个主从复合句。 [c+[t3dz
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: btkD<1{g
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