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1.定义 f| _u7"OX
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 %yBB?cp+_
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二、分类 wLc4Dm*V
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: A,sr[Pa@
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 q`-;AG|xF
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. ~e6Brq
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 yKO`rtP
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. ~\J}Kqg
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 :j+ ZI3@
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 /5u<78GW1
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. MdvcnaCG
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 oz,e/v8~
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 MRdduPrM%$
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. ee^{hQi
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 lE4HM$p
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” H"
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 pSdI/Vj'=
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. paCV!tP
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。 Nh_Mz;ITuu
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 RAgg:
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. |B.Y6L6l
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 MOQ*]fV:
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 n|9-KTe7|*
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. x[~b2o
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 \XCe22x]
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. KX,S
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 V_:1EBzz
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. Xv ]W(f1
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 _mqL8ho
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2.考博真题 SoW9p^HJ
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) F~R;n_IJ
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这是一个主从复合句。 \FQRNj?'_
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: n`? py
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers B nFw
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 Uf:`
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… Q- cFtu-w
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that wT6"U$cV
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. ]AINKUI0
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if F|'>NL-=
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 Y>dF5&(kb
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 4X!/hI=jq
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition e),q0%5
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 GoJ.&aH $
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. W/=.@JjI
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这是一个主从复合句。 NN%*b yK
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: b(,M1.[qt
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主句:the astronauts feel… OTvPUkp*
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed =Z{O<xw'
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when `Syl:rU~y@
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. ,cXD.y
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if c_dVWh e
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 ZAW^/bo<
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 k
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? 'I`&Yo~c9
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这是一个主从复合句。 ,xw#NG6
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: vXev$x=w-
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主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority pXtl
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分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting C2.HMgL
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as oph}5Krd)
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分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand 1}"++Z73P
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if sXqz+z$*
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 N>Xo_-QCY
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【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 uMUBh 80,L