考博英语长难句方式状语从句 5IbCE.>iU
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1.定义 SU( J
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner)，属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 fd
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有： 7Kt i& T
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① as，表示“像……一样”，通常位于主句之后，也可放在句首。 # /)U0 IR)
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例如：You must try to hold the tool as I do. T )bMHk
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 ;s5JYR
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. `(~oZbE rM
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众所周知，火药首先是在中国发明的。 t y8E;[ '
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”，通常位于主句之后。 | 43Oc:Ah+
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例如：We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. 1 c4:'0
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我们没有空气不能生存，就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 4C
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体。 \
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例如：Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 'v5q/l
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正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 Am#Pa,g
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” WpC9(AX5g
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² as if/though两者用法相同，表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大，用陈述语气。 &@'+ h*
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例如：The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. ,?wxW
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。
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² as if/though两者用法相同，表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合，用虚拟语气。 9G4os
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例如：They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. kA9 k^uR/
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他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。 (t,mtdD#1
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 bb$1zSA
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例如：He cleared his throat as if to say something. i*mI-l
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他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。 (Z8wMy&:
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. ?\zyeWK0L
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他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。 '
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. ^UyN)eX
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波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。 biVsbxYurq
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2.考博真题 n% s$!R- \
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) {<i(aq?
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这是一个主从复合句。 9W j9=
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原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下： Ub[UB%(T
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主句：I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers v=D4O .
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 pH0MVu(W
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分句一：that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… 0:eK}tC
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类型：定语从句;引导词：that t0)hd X
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分句二：as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. "mcuF]7F
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类型：方式状语从句;引导词：as if , D`\
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 l I+KT_|L
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其他修饰成分：without any malice为伴随状语 *)i+ c{~
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition \eS-wO7%
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【全句译文】：我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家，他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失，而且他们还以为自己风趣，爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己，好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 2tdr1+U?g
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed]，the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. uh~,>~a|
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这是一个主从复合句。 > ^d+;~Q;
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原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下： sT F Ru
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主句：the astronauts feel… qvN 5[rb
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分句一：When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed c!>",rce
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类型：时间状语从句;引导词：when ~JxAo\2i
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分句二：as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. )l*6zn` z
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类型：方式状语从句;引导词：as if _.$g ?E/(
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 <)$b=z
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【全句译文】：当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时，宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 Y'%k
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? qT+:oMrTSm
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这是一个主从复合句。 mBZg(TY
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原句中的各个子句，子句类型以及连接词如下： 6t(I.>-
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主句：It's not just a question of deferring to authority }c~o3t(7`b
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分句一：as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting P1f@?R&t+
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类型：方式状语从句;引导词：as IrZ!.5%tV
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分句二：as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand ~)\E&c
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类型：方式状语从句;引导词：as if ^7
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 >X" V
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【全句译文】：这不仅仅是一个问题，显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样，要服从权威，就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察，对吧 m| 5 yET
