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1.定义 cl@kRX<7'
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 3,%nkW
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: f%vHx,
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 h_AJI\{"
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. Bjurmo
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 M|1eqR%x-?
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. eUX@
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 HR/k{"8W4Q
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 ?q+8 /2
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water.
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 9'L1KQ
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 z|t.y.JX
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 V^/h;/!^
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” Zp% ""
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 +E""8kW- Z
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. 9v5.4a}
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 CM@"lV_
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. }gi`
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 C9^elcdv
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 5
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. a}I z
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 KTS7)2ci
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. l.t. ,:
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 r|sy_Sk/{
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. m:o$|7r
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 Ql!6I (
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2.考博真题 3jQ$72_
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) nHL>}Yg
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这是一个主从复合句。 /t2<OU9
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: ?@7|Q/
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers H5rNLfw
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 olW`.3f
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… )HiTYV)]'
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that Nd!=3W5?
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. /-9+(
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if 6>^k9cJp
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 +m},c-,=$w
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 ;'+cT.cmH
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition "C|l3X'
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 .OUE'5e p
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. \C.@ @4{
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这是一个主从复合句。 e4LNnJU\|
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: N/=3B
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主句:the astronauts feel… u'."E7o#
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed /ep~/#Ia
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when .@V>p6MV
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. 7L"/4w
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if iI7~9SCE
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 <Z;BB)I&C`
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 (Bz(KyD[
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? +fN0>@s
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这是一个主从复合句。 |Oe6OCPf
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: FceT'
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主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority [Wc 73-
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分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting m\yO/9{h1
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as @cON"(
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分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand deNU[
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if &>-Cz%IV
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 ^/c|s!U^
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【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 [-l^,,E