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1.定义 MVeQ5c(
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 Q@ ) rw0$
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二、分类 4gv XJK-
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: rIFC#Jd/
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 /XW0`FF
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. ?-F'0-t4%
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 {kRC!}
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. N
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 x5 ~E'~_
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 P_lcX;O
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. <$ZT]p
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 ^-
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 h
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. ya
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 Odtck9L
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” 0fK|}mmZA
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 <\~#\A=;
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. fDHISJv
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。 j77}{5@p
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 <!(n5y_
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. r8>?-P
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 kP@OIhRe
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 IfCqezd
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. 3*Jyb
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 JCfToFB
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. <);u]0
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 GqxK|G1
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. .r'.5RI A
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 i`L66uV
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2.考博真题 ?,C,q5
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) +Ti@M1A&
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这是一个主从复合句。 ^XVa!s,d
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: a mgex$
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [~wc
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 3RUB2c4
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… 9h8G2J
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that @gOgs
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. edQ><lz
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if S EmD's
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 $B2@mC([S
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 ?)&TewP
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition ]+8,@%="
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 RjT[y: !
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. =ZQIpc
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这是一个主从复合句。 wa C%o%fD
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: ^6`U0|5mRX
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主句:the astronauts feel… VioVtP0
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed Ul=`]@]]
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when Q~9:}_@
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. /4|qfF3
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if R\<^A~(Gl
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 HJ2]xe09
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 B *:6U+I
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? -X |G
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这是一个主从复合句。 Xdjxt?*
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: <uA|nYpp
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主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority
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分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting *iYs,4
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as 5^tL#
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分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand x3)qK6,\
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if $NqT={!
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 BjJ+~R
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【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 ~GMlnA]6