考博英语长难句方式状语从句 G~j<I/)"
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1.定义 DFH6.0UW
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 =C}<0<"iF
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二、分类 y6yseR!
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: JQ4>S<ttJ
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 SZ){1Hu
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. S?tLIi/
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 |g!#
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. c^k.
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 xnO
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 kMXl
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. h='=uj8o5
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 kvn6
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 dPId=
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. ).xWj
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” It[ ~0?+
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 rH,N.H#]
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. &n|gPp77$
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。 4)_ [)MZ\j
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. 6x 0>E^~
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 (_* a4xGF
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 Nn$$yUkMX
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. ;.Kzc3yz}
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 9} vWTt0
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. HBt?cA '
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 7Qo*u;fr
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. W?@ ;(k
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 |Oo
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2.考博真题 0Vg8o @
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) QPBf++|
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这是一个主从复合句。 le*pd+> j
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: C<{k[!N%zm
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers zV%U4P)Dao
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 [7$.)}Q-
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… =EFF2M
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that IEHAPt'
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. EZao\,t
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if 6!O~:\`DJ
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 Wfz&:J#
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 P;{f+I|`
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition K#kU6/
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 0ERA(=w5
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. -J[*fv@
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这是一个主从复合句。 }w}2
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: tN&4t
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主句:the astronauts feel… "N>~]
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed MH7 n@.t
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when GCm(3%{V%(
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. =z#6mSx|W
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 rMr:\M]t
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 BPO)<bx_
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? WAq!_xE
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这是一个主从复合句。 lC.Q61 J@
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: pSa
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主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority +-X
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分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting )WNw0cV}J>
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as 3-/F]}0y6
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分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand j
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if -{XDQ{z<%
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 ^ 0.` 1$
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【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 M3G ecjR