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主题 : 该错题常考要点
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楼主  发表于: 2008-09-01   

该错题常考要点

该错题常考要点 nUAoPE  
一、代词 d)'am 3Q  
代词中主要讲解六个问题  2 EG`  
(一) 掌握代词的几种格 kC =e>v  
  主格、宾格、所有格 ?tWcx;h:>  
  名词前面用代词来修饰,只能用所有格(my books) 2v ^bd^]u:  
ub C(%Y_k  
(二) 反身代词 GpjyF_L  
当主语和宾语表示同一事物时,宾语使用反身代词。 Yx- 2ux  
  He killed himself. (他自杀了) ]7 qn&(]  
  He killed him. (他杀了他) |}~2=r z  
gy|L!_1Z8  
例:Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating  sFqLxSo_I  
    A                 B    )E--E+j  
  a series of indicators that could help ]*I:N  
             C      X$o$8s  
  themselves to predict earthquakes. dP>~ExYtm  
    D mWOW39K u  
分析:D错,应改为them。如果用反身代词themselves,指代对象是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的。从句意来看,help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故应用代词宾格而不是反身代词。注意C并没有错,情态动词could 比can语气弱,表示较小的可能性。 M2K{{pGJ[&  
Indicator为征兆,这些征兆帮助他们来预言地震。主语是征兆,后面指研究者,不是同一个事物 z/IA @  
\;al@yC=T  
(三) 代词的单复数,代词的性别 J~=bW\^I  
在考试中如果代词打横线,代词错误的概率是非常高的,因此代词打横线,应该先看代词有没有错。 K? ;_T$^K  
6OBe^/ZRt  
例:The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies (G:A^z  
  that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the S6k R o^2  
     A   B      C          D G?:{9. (  
  Pacific. NSQ}:m  
iD*%' #u  
分析:D错,应改为those。D指代复数名词waters, it是单数,显然是错误的,根据习惯故改为those。注意waters一词并没有错,它指江湖河海中的大片水域,可用复数形式。 =?o,' n0  
(mO{ W   
Water作为水是不可数名词,waters表示水域,通常使用复数形式,作主语谓语动词用复数。 )?5027^  
Work作为工作是不可数名词,work作为作品,可数不可数都可以,例如: G`n|fuv  
  Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品 bW"bkA80  
` Aa}q(}k  
例:In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined U GA_^?4  
                       A   w %4S NR  
  the word“normalcy”to express social and BZS%p  
             B L<t>o":o  
   economic conditions they promised the nation. F52%og~N  
   C       D %bu$t,  
分析:D错,应改为he。动作promised是由Warren Harding发出来的,故用第三人称单数he来指代。 lk.]!K$}  
x)35}mi){L  
例:Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important $|kq{@<  
        A     :;Lt~:0b~  
  work is not poetry, but his biography, John 3,ihVVr&P  
   B        C      \9H pbCHr  
  Keats, published the year of her death.  AnF"+<  
      D BiFU3FlTf  
分析:C错,应改为her。his指男性,显然是错误的,应改为her与后面的her同指Amy Lowell. /"(`oe<  
U46qpb 7  
Yfbo=yk  
(四) Who和which的区别 EZ,Tc ;f=  
which指代事物或者动物,who指代人 { l E\y9  
who/whom son往往要改为whose son, whose可以指代事物 ~FP4JM,y6  
@AB}r1E2  
例:The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who (DLk+N4UHA  
              A            B V 4#bW  
  account for approximately forty percent of the body weight. `49: !M$i  
   C                  D xK*G'3Ge  
分析:B错,应改为which或that。先行词不是指人,而是指物,关系代词不能用who,故改为which或that。 ?[Sac]h ys  
人体前面加定冠词the, account for 占有多大的比例,解释说明 00 9[`Z  
!:]/MpQ ?  
(五) that和which的区别 x/S:)z%X  
介词后面使用which, 而不用that, in that除外 \CU-a`n  
5cUz^ >  
例:When television was first introduced, the extent to that it (DIMt-wz  
              A        B ts:YJAu+F  
  would affect society could not have been foreseen. 4)Bk :K  
      C              D 1zcaI^e#  
分析:B错,应改为which。The extent to which, 介词加which(引导定语从句),影响社会的程度没有被预见  wbpz,  
rq#\x{l  
(六) 定语从句的特殊省略 g`Kh&|GU  
Reason后面有定语从句,中间往往省略why, A{ a4;`}5  
Time后面有定语从句,中间往往省略when N x;Oz  
   I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world. 20,}T)}Tm  
way后面有定语从句,中间省略了in which D7lRZb  
 NZu2D  
例:Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly V[;^{,;  
              A         B   :|HCUZ*H(T  
  reason people take medicine is to relieve pain. oWLv-{08  
         C      D iw{rns  
分析:B错,应改为main。mainly为副词,不能个饰后面的名词,故改为形容词main。句子中people take medicine修饰reason,定语从句引导词被省略 z.T>=C  
3E-dhSz:i  
例:Commercial expansion from city to suburb has  [9C{\t  
  affected the way people in the United States----. / tG[pg{[  
   (A) living and working @@3%lr71   
   (B) they live and work s?Z{LWZ@  
   (C) live and work `]I p`_{  
   (D) to live and to work {O!B8a    
分析:选择C, the way people....影响了人们生活和工作的方式。 Tg@:mw5  
r'<!wp@  
二、介词 v05$"Ig  
介词是考试中出现的比较多的一个部分,而其中考的最多的就是介词的固定搭配问题。由于篇幅问题,我们在这里仅仅举出几个例题,在说明书手册中我们完整的列出了所有的介词搭配,这些列出的搭配在以前的语法题中出现过,只不过有的时候是正确的选项,有的时候重复考。 gX~lYdA  
V` 4/oM `  
(一) 介词搭配 tx$`1KA  
?$6(@>`f&t  
例:The teeth in the upper jaw function together those Kut@z>SK  
    A         B   C      a] P0PH~  
  in the lower jaw to cut, tear, and grind food. gs(ZJO1 /L  
                D f2 ?01PM,Q  
分析:和…一起,应该为together with,C错 }2''}-Nc  
R9-Uoc/  
例:The Allegheny Mountain range is rich of coal. ' 7H"ezt  
A       B     C  D PQrc#dfc |  
分析:B错改为be rich in /],9N  
+W"DN5UV  
例:The rotation of the Earth on its axis is responsible to the @2~;)*  
    A         B      C >W6?!ue_  
  alternation of periods of light and darkness. q4SEvP}fLx  
             D c 6cB {/g  
分析:C错,应改为responsible for。形容词responsible后接名词作宾语时要加介词for。 o|APsQE  
A3.*d:A  
6J <. i  
(二) 最重要的两个介词 tu^C<MV  
1、介词of 多余或者遗漏 i,mZg+;w  
例:Mosquitoes usually lay eggs, singly or in batches, on top stagnant water. ?(Xy 2%v  
          A      B  C     D eyy%2> b  
分析:D错,应改为top of stagnant。on top of …是因定表达法,意为“在…上面”。 F{E`MK~f_  
24k;.o  
例:Christopher Plummer is a Canadian actor who has O f]/tdPp  
                 A  B     HfEl TC:3f  
  starred in stage, television, and film productions on GHQm$|3I  
      C H#3Ma1z  
  both sides the Atlantic Ocean. ,MUgw w!.  
      D s8;*Wt  
分析:D错,应改为sides of the。 sides为名词,the Atlantic Ocean也是名词,中间明显少了一个介词。 & kQj)  
ri49r*_1  
2、介词by bZ}T;!U?I  
一种情况表示被动,be+过去分词+by ~&D5RfK5f  
另一种表示通过……的方式, by doing x_- SAyH  
例:The ceremony of marriage in the United States 4!A(7 s4t  
    A         B       4$+/7I \  
   can be performed from a justice of the peace. U:gvK 8n  
   C     D _$yS4=.  
分析:D错,应改为performed by。谓语动词是被动式,performed的动作执行者应该由介词by来引导。 y24/lc  
vBV_aB1{  
例:Along the east coast ,American Indian women's councils |<#yXSi  
   A                      \^dYmU  
   could veto a declaration of war at refusing to >vDi,qmZ  
     B    C       D 7)BK&kpVr  
   supply moccasins and field rations. EME}G42KN  
分析:D错,应改为by refusing。通过拒绝提供鞋子和粮食,表示通过某种方式做某事要用介词by,故将at refusing 改为by refusing。 b@B\2BT  
IO"q4(&;P4  
例:Algebra is the branch of mathematics concerned with Kc`#~-`,(  
        A                R#Z m[S  
  operations on sets of numbers or other elements o97*3W]  
        B          C   )Ut9k  
  that are often represented at symbols. %Lom#:L'  
              D G*g*+D[HM  
分析:D错,应改为by。动作的发出者应该用介词by来引导。 &<# ,J4  
三、谓语动词 [ub)`-6 u  
(一) 谓语动词的主谓一致 EV_u8?va  
①、主谓分割原则 {"_V,HmEF+  
例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle, EE*FvI`  
     A     7=HpEc  
   America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom. ew,g'$drD  
        B      C      D nbBox,zW  
分析:C错,应改为symbolizes。主语谓语用逗号分割开,主语the bald eagle为单数,谓语动词也应该用单数形式。 Fyc":{Jd  
' &Tz8.jp~  
②、与后者一致原则 !X1 KOG  
not…but, 强调but后面的名词, B \.0 5<  
not only…but also /p) y!5e  
*a` _,Q{x  
O`.IE? h#  
③、与前者一致原则 P?zL`czWd  
名词+with/together with/as well as/including+复数名词,谓语用is, -uB*E1|Q  
中心词在前面,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致 ]C>h_,EZc  
例:The athlete, together with his coach and #^w8Y'{?  
     A      B  C     WB"90!  
  several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games. DK<}q1xi  
         D u9{Z*w3L7  
分析:D错,与谓语动词与the athlete 保持一致,改为is =64Ju Wvo  
c/,B?  
④、就近原则 .FvIT] k-  
or, either…or, neither…nor, +`TwBN,kp-  
单数名词+or+复数名词+are `'ak/%Krh  
如果把句子变为一般疑问句,也就是把be动词提到前面,那么变为is Pa/2])w  
所以注意一点: 如果是陈述句,靠后面近,用复数 dbfI!4  
        如果是疑问句,靠前面近,用单数 TWU1@5?Ct  
-\g@s@5  
例:The structure or behavior of many protozoans are D/tFN +|P  
        A      B        BsYJIKfW  
  amazingly complex for single-celled animals. Oma G|2u  
    C              D !-8y;,P  
分析:A错,应改为and。从谓语动词是复数形式判断,主语应该为复数,or连接两个名词时动词和后面的名词保持一致,behavior是用单数形式,因此只有改为并列连词and才能使主谓在数上保持一致。 |L6 +e *  
.;3 7 e  
⑤定语从句主语就近原则 #|6M*;lN|  
There are five apples that are red. 8[u$CTl7a  
apples是复数,因此从句谓语动词是复数。 UeaHH]U  
~.Cu,>fV  
例:A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets dhi9=Co;  
      A            oTf^-29d  
  carry a supply that last just a few seconds. zmU>   
   B   C    D S oB6 F9  
分析:D错,应改为lasts。从句的逻辑主语a supply为单数,其谓语动词应为单数形式。 ?I 7hbqQd  
t ZA%^Y  
⑥the +形容词主谓一致 Bmi9U   
The rich are not always happier than the poor. ''B}^yKEW  
The rich 表示一类人,应该用复数 9w$+Qc  
9TV1[+JWe  
⑦、倒装句的主谓一致 Cx ;n#dn*  
改错题倒装句的主谓一致一般考两种情况: incUa;  
a. there be 句型 tN&X1  
there be+名词+名词,那么最近的名词决定其形式 * v u   
b. between/ among 放在句首+be+名词,名词其实是主语,所以be和名词保持一致 'h;x>r  
f_ UwIP  
例:There are no known society in which left-handed people predominate. VY "i>Ae  
   A     B      C    D    ?., 2EC=+  
分析:there be 句型由最近的名词决定其形式,society当然用单数,A错,there are 改为there is YMn_9s7<  
[2nPr^  
B0:/7Ld$Ml  
例:Between the foothills of the Andes and the Pacific f=nVK4Du Z  
             A     B    Nrk/_0^  
  Ocean are a dry coastal strip averaging about 30 _eMY ?  
     C         5w@Q %'o`I  
  miles in width. Z+C&?K  
     D  LArfX,x3i  
分析:倒装句,are改为is bd3q207>  
XnV$}T:?X  
例:Among the favorite attractions at the National Air and firiYL"=44  
   A    B       C         y`-5/4  
  Space Museum in Washington D.C. are the film @3I/57u<  
                    D y7Y g$)sL  
  presented on the five-story-tall screen. wM&WR2  
分析:D错,应改为films , 主语实际上是名词,应该与谓语动词保持一致。 &p:GB_  
D^\2a;[AxA  
⑧、百分比结构的主谓一致 /S&8%fb  
fifty percent of + 名词 LkIbvJCV  
one percent of + 名词 V2 _I=]p_  
谓语动词的形式和百分比多少没有关系,主要取决于后面的名词,比如: ,5thD  
  one percent of my students + are RaLc}F)9   
  fifty percent of my time is spent on working. ^Ts8nOGMh  
,N`D{H"F  
这里要强调两个结构 \P7y&`|  
half of =fifty percent P0XVR_TJf  
most of + 可数名词 + are 7.tEi}O&_g  
most of + 不可数名词+ is d]w%zo,yr  
X"3Za[9j  
例:Nearly half of the ancient meteor craters has been c9)5G+   
   A       B         C   {>R'IjFc  
  found in central and eastern Canada. 7H5t!yk|9  
           D qI#ow_lL#  
分析:C错,应改为have been。介词of的宾语为复数名词短语,作主语的中心词half当然表复数,相应的谓语动词应为复数形式。 %t<ba[9F  
mY !LGN  
例:Approximately fifty percent of the package utilized {Qr0pjE7R  
                 A   B  f !aE/e\  
  in the United States are for foods and beverages. ,7nA:0P  
              C     D 2OQDG7#Kc  
分析:A错,应改为packages。从谓语动词用复数形式判断出主语是复数名词。注意food用复数表示不同种类的食品,beverage用复数表示不同种类的饮料,故(C)、(D)均没有错。 JypXQC}~  
@O%d2bgEWV  
(二) 谓语动词的时态  _F9O4Q4  
①、主要考察时间状语 z^=e3~-J  
Ar VNynQ  
例 The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century. $(U}#[Vie  
   A        B  C     D bD;c>5t  
fK{[=xMr@  
分析:Metal, aluminum同位语,in the nineteenth century为明显表示过去时间的状语, 因此应该用过去时态,把has been改为was <OC|z3na_  
-L%2*`-L$  
cXo^.u  
②、For和since的区别 =y kOh_M  
区别一:For 后面使用时间段,since 后面使用时间点 2?bE2^6  
区别二:Since 只能用在现在完成时态,For 最主要用在现在完成时和一般过去时 Qo;#}%}^^  
  I has been a teacher for three years. b R;Zc  
  I has been a teacher since 1996. 9M$N>[og  
  I was a teacher for three years. 这种表达可以,for three years表示一段时间,was 表示过去做了三年,现在不是老师了 [M{EO)  
<7%4 =  
例: Since 1921 the budget of the United States became A, )G$yT\  
   A      B              r!7e:p JLO  
  the primary responsibility of the president. ^3:DeZf!u  
     C    D 'F[ C 4  
分析:A错,应改 In. since一般要求主句用完成时态,而句中谓语动词为过去式,其时间状语应与之呼应,故改Since为In。 Y[yw8a  
U~w g'  
例:Adella Prentiss Hrghes served as manager of * (4TasQu  
             A  B  C   2iM8V  
  the Cleveland Orchestra since fifteen years. ^QKL}xiV:  
            D qJ|n73yn  
分析:D错,应改为for。since引导时间状语时,主句谓语动词为一般完成时;主句谓语动词为一般过去时要用介词for;而且一段时间用for, 而不是since。 -MqWcB9&  
Twj?SV  
h1 D#,  
52. In general, prawns lived in shallow coastal waters or in streams.  ;|Z;YK@20  
   A       B        C     D /@H2m\vBX  
自然现象和客观事实用一般现在时态,live :~2An-V  
hR$lX8  
(三) 谓语的语态 Q l $t  
语态主要表示是主动语态还是被动语态。 epH48)2  
有四组动词是改错题中常考的: $VrKoL\ScA  
①、prove Bn"r;pqWiT  
My advice proved to be wrong. 我的建议被证明是错的 YW}1iT/H  
尽管是被证明,但习惯上用主动; yMNLsR~rh  
#c0 dZ  
例:A majority of the reports received from people claiming e<> Lr  
                      A   =oF6|\]{ ;  
  to have seen the legendary Loch Ness Monster have proven to be [LonY49  
    B                  C / -=(51}E  
  mistakes, misconceptions, or they were being tricked. lK^Q#td:`  
                  D ,<lxq<1I  
分析:D错,应改为tricks。并列连词 or在此连接名词,如果把D理解为并列句,不仅时态不对,语义也有问题,故将整个句子改为名词。have proven to be是正确的。 ."Yub];H  
6Upg\(  
RZfC ?  
②、Locate,Situate z#!xqIg0  
这两个词可以用作主动,表示把…放置在…地方;确定…的位置 sQ^>.yG  
  Bats locate obstacles.蝙蝠确定障碍物的位置 xQ7n$.?y@  
这两个词也可以用作被动 Ar sMqb  
  My school was located near the river. mm=Y(G[_%y  
区分locate的主动和被动比较难,但是有一个技巧存在:locate如果用作主动,后面必须跟宾语 Yf:utCvv  
例:The center of gravity of the human body ---- behind the hip joint. +k"dN^K]D  
   (A)locates 8mA6l0   
   (B)locating ^c]Sl  
   (C)to locate |?Q(4(D`*  
   (D)is located 4Uf+t?U9  
分析:空格处显然缺谓语动词,故首先排除不能作谓语的B和C。动词locate后面没有宾语,所以用作被动,表示“位于”,所以D为正确选项。 ~,e!t.339  
IQ{Xj3;?y  
③、表示需要概念的动词 U8-9^}DBA  
need, want, require等 "|DR"rr'j  
[Pp#l*  
My watch needed repairing VP4t~$"  
My watch needed to be repaired. F.8{ H9`  
/&j4IlT  
④、表示人的情感的动词 |V 9%@ Y?  
move, annoy, surprise, please等 * Kzs(O  
Vd<= y  
He is so moving.  他令人感到感动。 \Di~DN1  
He is greatly moved. 他感到非常感动。 iL 4SL}P  
\wRr6-!_  
主动和被动技巧总结: UuT[UB=x5  
如果句子中有一个“过去分词+by”, 如果断定它是谓语的话,前面必然有be动词 /1li^</|p`  
~POeFZ  
例:The Tennessee Valley Authority has chartered by the ^/n[5@6H  
                 A      g[M@  
  United States Congress in 1933 to construct dams, @I"Aet'XV  
                 B y]jh*KD[  
  power structures, and flood-control works along |C&eH$?~=R  
                    C 8e\v5K9  
  the Tennessee River and its tributary streams. ?ha}&##  
                D EhFhL4Xdn  
分析:A错,应改为has been chartered。由信号词by可知前面的谓语动词为被动语态形式。 [d&Faa[`  
78QFaN$  
四、非谓语动词 G>RYQ{O  
17i^|&J6}:  
(一) 分词 5nj~RUK  
现在分词和过去分词的区别 {H+?DMh  
①、用于句首作状语,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动 xRY5[=97  
S-/ #3  
例:Won its war for independence in 1783, the United States then R$@.{d &:w  
   A H);'\]_'x  
  struggled to establish its own economic and financial system. Y>#c2@^i<  
     B      C            D }1W$9\%  
分析:分词作状语,主要看是主动还是被动,美国赢得应该是主动,所以A错,改won为winning @iP6 N  
ZkIQ-;wx  
②、用于名词后面作后置定语,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动 0/gcSW b  
例:In the nineteenth century the Mohave Indians lived in $($SQZK&  
      A               B   $"FdS,*qKl  
  the Northern Hemisphere grew their crops on river bottom lands. +i>q;=~  
               C         D 1%@~J\qF  
分析:B错,生活在什么地方的人,人生活是主动,因此改为living 2bJF lxEU  
I7~|!d6  
0/ Ht;(  
一些动词后面必须用doing HxMsH5;  
对于加doing的词来说,考试中一般出现一个,下面这些词都是要加doing的,请考生牢记。 4r. W:}4:  
 mind, finish, enjoy, celebrate, 'JMa2/7CG  
 advocate, suggest }m H>lN  
 delay, quit *02( J  
 forgive(原谅),tolerate, m#nxw  
 avoid, escape(逃避) 1pb;A;F,A  
 spend+名词+doing; Rpk`fxAO  
 have trouble/difficult/a problem/ +doing jVINc=o  
I5L7BTe  
例:Long before the dawn of recorded history, humans celebrated to harvest their /=@vG Vp6  
   A     B    C              D ~qS/90,  
  crops. _")h %)f  
分析:D错,应改为harvesting。及物动词celebrate直接带名词、名词短语或动名词短语作宾语,故将to harvest改为harvesting。 +_eb*Z`5o  
.NT&>X~.V  
例:Some experts have advocated to bring that country into the talks, 9>R|k$`  
               A        B sPg6eAd~?  
  to revive the intermittent dialogue that began after the 1967 Middle East War. ^I{]Um:  
        C          D nEm7&Gb  
分析:A错,advocate 后面直接跟doing, 改为advocate bringing zb/Xfu.)?6  
3~</lAm;  
(二) 不定式 ? ~Zrd  
A. 动词不定式的省略 ^,K.)s  
①、help后面可以省略to ?0mJBA  
  help do DH9?2)aR  
  help sb. to do 9Nu#&_2R  
rO$>zdmYHs  
例:A good exercise program helps teach people to avoid [\9(@Bx  
              A      B   uS#Cb+*F  
  the habits that might shorten the lives. )_e"N d4  
         C     D TDIOK  
分析:D错,应改为their. 定冠词在句中不如代词所有格明确,如果lives后面有定语就可以用the。注意(A)并没有错,help后面可以接不带to的不定式。 FRt/{(jro  
)ek 5  
②、使役动词后面要省略to, 这样的动词只有三个 GFdJFQio  
  make, ]8>UII,US  
  let, HQ`nq~%&(  
  have sb. do sth 4VJzs$  
  注意get不是使役动词,get sb. to do sth. $lAb6e$n  
例:A conductor used signals and gestures to let the musicians c9TAV,/fF*  
        A               B 0aTbzOn&  
  to know when to play various parts of a composition. Ym{%"EB  
   C     D B"8JFf}"q  
分析:let是使役动词,后面不需要to, C改为know a/<pf\O  
g~hk-nXL.  
③、感官动词 |vDoqlW  
   hear, feel, watch, see, notice, observe O;BMwg_7  
   see sb do sth. 强调过程 2<o[@w  
   see sb doing sth 正在做某事 bC4* w O  
~q?"w:@;x  
.cT$h?+jyl  
B. 动词不定式的固定用法 ZYR,8y  
(1)表示第一人 zHoO?tGf  
the first woman to do sth. yCkW2p]s,K  
b|ksMB>)  
(2)表示迫使的动词 =PKt09b^  
一般考三个, allow/ enable/ call, +sb. + to do F `pyhc>1;  
.A"T086  
例:Besides providing clues to the nature of atoms, mineral analysis Z>Kcz^a#  
     A                 B    $Y 4ch ko  
  allows to speculate geologists about the ancient Earth. Y 6<0%  
       C           D 9HNh*Gc=  
分析:allow...to do是固定短语,allow的宾语应在不定式之前,即把C改为: allow geologists to speculate。 J'&B:PZObB  
8~s-t  
U8QR*"GmT  
(3)表示倾向…的形容词 j^$3vj5E[  
  be more likely to do 更有可能作某事 RSPRfYU/  
  be inclined to do倾向于做某事 $;)noYo  
  be lieable to do 易于…的 Q9eYF-+  
  be apt to do 01-\:[{  
/[nZ#zj!3  
(4)表示目的的名词, Ic{'H2~4,  
一共有7个这样的词,这一条也是最重要的。 Bgk~R.l  
固定的句式: 3vRL g b  
the purpose , the purpose of sth is to do sth. ~E3SC@KL  
the objective 目标 9o_ g_q  
aim @ yg| OA}  
goal k67i`f=  
reason理由 *fQ ?A|l!x  
function功能 A4#3O5kij  
intension意图 qUEd E`B  
w8ZHk?:  
例:The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was providing hyk|+z`B  
                       A  >ggk>s|  
  large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior. EDq$vB  
           B          C     D e_I; y  
分析:the function to provide, A错 xJ=ZQ)&]  
8u:v:>D.'  
例:The chief goal of biochemistry is for understanding the structure ;<bj{#mMv  
                  A       [D<RV3x9  
  and behavior of the carbon-containing compounds !7mvyc!'!  
     B  uKR\Xo}  
  that make up various components of a living cell. ]ZR{D7.?  
    C    D >+ Sv9S  
分析:the chief goal is to understand, A错 PmPyb>HK=P  
2d5}` >  
(5) 其他同根名词 5';/@M  
 ability to do 受到be able to 的影响 "t (1tWO1o  
 attempt to do 企图 RsqRR`|X?  
 decision to do 决定, 受decide的影响 pgz:F#>  
 ambition, ":UWowJO  
 be ambitious to do  _Hz~HoNU  
 effort ,h%D4EVx  
(*Gi~?-  
例:For ancient people, myths were often attempts explanation 38V $<w  
  A                    B   avu*>SB  
  catastrophic events such as volcanic eruptions. t7jh ?]  
          C       D s jL*I  
分析:B错,应改为to explain。 attempts后应跟动词不定式短语表目的,故将名词explanation改为to explain。 V;>9&'Z3  
_-4n ~(  
例:In the early 1960's the Civil Rights movement made great ]^iFqQe  
  A                   B   /#-,R,Q  
  efforts for registering members of minorities to vote. C-s>1\I  
       C            D 8yHq7=  
分析:efforts to register, C错 fkdf~Vb  
HBt|}uZ?6i  
:.C+?$iuX  
C. 动词不定式的其他用法 (\Rwf}gyR  
(1) be to do 表示已安排好或者注定要发生的动作,属于将来时态的范畴 @rPI$ia1~  
She and Anne are to meet at two o'clock. kVV\*"9y  
<T(s\N5B=  
(2)不定式的完成式为“to have done”,表示不定式的动作在谓语动作之前发生,这个完成式通常表示一般过去时 l%^h2 o  
I am glad to see you. n?y'c^  
I am glad to have seen your mother yesterday. B1|?RfCe  
yesterday是一般过去时,修饰have seen. qru2h #  
xCR; K]!  
(3) 形容词后面使用动词不定式,主动表示被动 P#AAOSlLV  
It is difficult to decide. TF BYY {Y  
@''&nRC1  
+n@f'a">  
五、句子的结构 g E\A9L~b  
句子的结构主要考查四个出题方向。 ;l$9gD>R  
dVvZu% DFp  
(一) 主语的重复 v2IEJ  
名词+代词+谓语,这个代词永远是重复的主语,永远是错的 K|`+C1!  
例:Woodrow Wilson he was an idealist who refused to make any _GE=kw;:  
          A      B      u@AI&[Z  
  compromises concerning the establishment of the \s,Iz[0Vfz  
          C          D YKc>6)j  
  League of Nations. qpoquWZ  
分析:代词he不是同位语,主语重复;如果是下面这样的主语,那么便是主语同位语 [}{w  
A prolific writer, Woodrow Wilson Y [4vRzc  
#]@9qPyn  
JRD8Lz]Q3  
例:Two unique features of the Arctic they are :qBGe1Sv(  
        A        B  ldK>HxM%Z  
  lack of precipitation and permanently frozen ground. +yGY 785b  
    C         D |Mt&p#y  
分析:选项B中的they和前面的主语two unique features重复  wjL |Z8  
Y=9qJ`q  
(二)谓语的重复 ZOp^`c9~  
完整的句子后面又多了一个谓语,往往改为定语从句 itw{;j   
aQga3;S!  
例:A paragraph is a portion of a text consists of  ~ eHRlXL'  
    A            B    K|US~Hgv  
  one or more sentences related to the same idea. "2%>M  
         C   D 6nc0=~='$  
分析:B错,应改为consisting of或which consists of。句中有两个无法连接的谓语动词,而且前一个谓语动词下面没有划线,故改consists为非谓语动词形式或在它前面加which使之成为从句谓语动词。 =9^Q"t4  
>'N!dM.+9  
(三)谓语的缺少 bQ<b[  
例:Most mammals to maintain a relatively constant body n3'dLJH|  
          A     B    EA6t36|TX  
  temperature, regardless of what the air temperature might be. h20Hg|   
         C               D #9i6+. Z  
分析:A错,应改为maintain。句中缺谓语动词,故去掉不定式符号to 使maintain变成谓语动词。 \04mLIJr9  
(|dPeix|  
(四)主句的重复 j AQU~Ol_  
主句的重复总是考even, instead, during, despite等引导的句子, 但是实际上它们无法把两个句子连接起来,因为它们都是副词或者介词,连接两个句子应该用连接词连接 N};t<Xev  
zFywC-my@  
U-eI\Lu  
例:Salmon spend most of their adult lives in salt water, despite 7lR<@$q  
      A         B        C   %J _ymJ'pd  
  they return to their freshwater birthplaces to spawn and die. gM#jA8gz  
     D :@/"abv  
分析:C错,应改为though。despite是介词,后面一般接名词作宾语,而在句中它后面却跟着一个完整的句子,所以改为连词though。 d/]|657u  
-TTs.O8P|<  
例:Solar eclipses occur during the Moon's shadow iV!@bC,  
        A   B       q? 9GrwL8F  
  sweeps across the face of the Earth. 3{e'YD~hP  
      C    D [x5mPjgw  
分析:B错,应改为when或as。介词不能引导条件状语从句,根据题意改为从属连词when或as。 CU$)QH{  
q$T8bh,2  
例:Even many early leaders of the United States have provided csDQva\  
   A                     B  ybE[B}pOeZ  
  names for towns, only George Washington B?3juyB`--  
      C M|8 3HTJ  
  is remembered in the name of a state. ,Kw5Ro`I:  
          D LG&5VxT=,<  
分析:A错,应改为Even though。even为副词,不能引导从句,根据题意,改为引导让步状语从句的Even though。 G6Nb{m  
六、比较级和最高级 63M=,0-Qt  
比较级和最高级的出题非常有规则,一共有5个出题方向,并且每次考试必然考两个 %i"}x/CD[  
mxp Y&Y  
(一)    比较级或最高级形式上的重复 YB5dnS"n  
例:The most easiest process for mining gold is panning, which [!~}S  
      A               smup,RNZRX  
  involves using a circular dish with a small pocket at the bottom. !Lkm? (_  
     B       C           D J +q|$K6  
分析:A错,应改为easiest。easiest本身已是最高级,不必再用most,这是最高级形式上的重复 bX2"89{  
~O03Sit-  
(二)比较级和最高级之间的混用 r~>,$[|n})  
例:The greenest and plentifulest leaves are the leaves of grasses. !ni>\lZ  
     A      B     C  D m|F:b}0Hb  
分析:B错,应改为most plentiful。 plentiful是多音节形容词,须在前面加most构成最高级。 pbLGe'  
i_ QcC  
例:The more fearsome of all the animals in the Western Hemisphere pM2a(\K,k^  
     A       B     C   D C-w5KW  
  is the grizzly bear. 0+`Pg  
分析:A错,应该用最高级most,含有介词of, among, in 表示的范围状语使用最高级。 3Aj*\e0t  
;`UecLb#  
!9 f4R/ ?  
(三)比较词than的前面一定要有比较级 CS@&^SEj  
改错题中,通常会看见than前面有一个原级 &&7r+.Y  
Nfn(Xn*J-  
例:Film directors can take far great liberties in dealing with Fn+ ?u  
   A           B  'jjb[{g^}}  
  concepts of time and space than stage directors can. n7l%gA*  
   C                 D |W7rr1]~S  
分析:B错,应改为greater。根据后面有than一词可以判定前面的形容词用比较级形式,注意far, much 修饰比较级。 BX< dSK  
~uj;qq  
(四)在as…as以及否定not so…as, not as…as的中间使用形容词原级 VKW|kU7Cs$  
as sweeter as, 这是不对的,应改为as sweet as Jpj!rXTX*  
zoZH[a`H  
(五)the 和比较级最高级的关系 YnTB&GPxl  
①、比较级前面可以出现the, 修饰后面的名词 {{!Y]\2S  
the taller boy 'q{733o  
yL1CZ_  
②、副词的最高级加不加the均可以 mT.e>/pa  
例:Although flies live longest in cool temperatures, it breed c`G&KCw)d  
          A            B ]Pc^#=(R0  
  prolifically when temperatures are warm, food is IL!=mZ>2O  
  abundant, and humidity is moderate. =? :@  
    C          D }Je> ;{&%  
分析:副词的最高级加不加the均可, 所以A正确,从从句的主语可以看出,B应该改为they ,)fkr]`<  
^g>1U5c  
③、形容词的最高级作定语前面必须使用the, 如果不作定语的话,加不加the均可以 )S@jDaU<  
例:Of all the Native Americans in the United States, ]v29 Rx  
  A  B         C     Y+-xvx :  
  the Navajos form largest group. p>*i$  
         D 3,eIB(  
分析:D错,应改为form the largest。形容词最高级前面要加定冠词。 }e]f  
& >JDPB?5  
陷阱1, earliest, 有两种可能, r)T[(D'Tm-  
一种可能是early的最高级,最早的语言,the earliest language F%/ h*  
    另一种可能作名词,表示早期,必须和时间的名词连用,earliest time, earliest ages, 表示很早的年代,很早的时代,也就是说,如果以后碰上earliest后面加上times, ages, 前面不用加the = +Xc4a  
XcfKx@l  
例:The belief in fairies have existed from earliest times, and the literature of many !<\Br   
            A      B         C 6oL1_)  
  countries includes tales of fairies and their relationship to humans. "ZMkL)'7-  
            D *nTU# U  
分析:A错,应改为has existed。主语是单数名词the belief,而不是复数名词fairies,故谓语动词是单数形式。earliest times表示表示很早的时代是正确的。 =Agg _h   
>cR)?P/o  
陷阱2,如果最高级前面有所有格的话,不用加the ` ,>wC+}  
例如:my best friends @y|_d  
Ug"rJMZG  
例:Salt Lake City, Utah's capital and largest city, is industrial 2WBq  
            A    B     C +a+`Z>  
  and banking center. $#NQ <3  
        D +: Ge_-  
分析:C错,应改为is an industrial center。center为可数名词,它的修饰词前面应有不定冠词。 I$q>  
Utah's largest city, 题目中其实是省略了Utah's。 kODK@w V-  
$1Nd_pD=  
)NW6?Pu"  
例:Faults in the Earth's crust are most evidently in sedimentary 0tz:Wd*<  
                 A         =tdSq"jh  
  formations, where they interrupt previously continuous layers. \E4B&!m  
    B   C     D  lhLGG  
分析:A错,are的表语必须用evident, 为什么不加the, 因为作表语,而不是定语 -=}3j&,\R  
HK=[U9 o?  
七、平行结构 x5si70BKC/  
改错题考的最多的一个方向便是平行结构 I4_d[O9  
M:SO2Czz  
Mtm OUI&'  
(一) 对等连接词 @e2}BhB2  
一共有三类连接平行结构的词 j2n,f7hl.  
单一式: and, or ,but Q=cQLf;/'  
相关式: both…and, not … but, v:_B kHN'  
     either …or, neither…nor $ 0Yh!L?\  
     the same…as;as…as, not so…as, not as…as =P77"Dd  
     such …as, so …that.. too…to, from…to, from…until, <fO4{k*&  
没有so...as... fZWGn6$   
between…and, ! T9]/H?  
     not only…but also(also可以省略),Not only +主谓,also O9h+Q\0\W  
     not only…but also(also可以省略)+as well, JC;^--0(z  
# '|'r+  
短语式: as well as '_0]vupvY  
     rather than (而不是) #VbVs l  
     other than (除…之外) /\d$/~BFi  
     instead of (代替) PH4%R]{8{  
R!x: C!{  
考试的方式往往是搭配中有一个单词是对的,另一个单词却不对 %'Xk)-+y  
例:John lived in New York since 1960 to 1975,  |1= !;.#  
       A     B   &lc8G  
  but he is now living in Detroit. LxN*)[Wb  
       C   D `(4pu6uT  
分析:B错,应改为from。“从某年到某年”要用“from…to…”这个表达法,不能用since …to…。 mz7l'4']+  
,K9f_bv  
例:Even as he wrote copiously on so diverse topics bMoAD.}  
       A         B KU&G;ni2  
  as education ,politics ,and religion ,Lewis Mumford "i)Yvh[y  
  remained active in city and regional planning. :K.4n  
          C    D  QGnxQ{ko  
分析:B错, 改为such diverse topics as, 出现as, 往往要注意前面一半 ?h\mk0[  
(二)平行的内容 D #2yIec  
第一、引导词性的平行,词性的平行本质上是语法作用的平行 w2gf&Lc\  
例:Photoperiodism is the functional or behavioral response of h+7>#*DH  
             A         B   ")#<y@Rv  
  an organism to changes in duration of daily, seasonally, /ONV5IkPy  
         C            D v@ C,RP9  
  or yearly periods of light and darkness. h+UnZfm  
分析:D错,应改为seasonal。在daily, seasonally和yearly三个并列的词中,daily和yearly是形容词,seasonally是副词,故改为形容词seasonal,共同修饰名词periods,三个形容词的平行,词性平行 3C>qh{z"  
V-O(U*]  
P1kB>" bR  
第二、名词单复数的平行 t@zdm y  
但是如果既有可数名词,又有不可数名词,可以不平行 UV7%4xM5v  
m$Y :0_^-  
例:The main advertising media include direct mail, T8J4C=?/  
  A     B          C   C*Vd-U  
  radio, television, magazines, and newspaper. *b(wVvz  
                 D   w; TkkDH  
分析:D错,应改为newspapers。newspaper为可数名词,在没有任何前置修饰语的情况下一般用复数形式,并且和前面的magazine平行,而mail, radio, television则是不可数名词。 jRZ%}KX  
c-]fKj7  
例:The Canadian province of Newfoundland has a rocky coast, a moisture climate, g$37 ;d3Tx  
                   A         B Wsz0yHD[`  
  and probably the best cod-fishing areas in the world. u:P~j  
      C          D "PWl4a&  
分析:海岸气候只有一个,但是钓鱼的地方可以有许多个,所以也是不可数名词和名词复数的平行;因此D没有错,A错改为have }<m{~32M  
2!&pEqs  
第三、时态的平行 n@>wwp  
例:The poet Marianne Moore was initially associated Q\_{d0 0  
                A     I*)VZW  
  with the imagist movement , but later develops fib#CY  
                   B {ISE'GJj  
  her own thyme patterns and verse forms. Buc_9Kzw<+  
          C    D _9If/RD  
分析:B错,应改为developed。句中前半部分谓语为过去时,与之并列的谓语也应用过去时。 = 7/-i  
L10IF  
例:Because the papaya grows readily from seed , -----  @|A|  
  spread from its home in Central America and 1 =GI&f2I  
  now grows throughout the tropics. vs9?+3  
   (A) to be    (B) it   pA4 ,@O  
   (C) the     (D) its FvImX  
分析:正确答案为(B)。空格前是原因状语从句,后面紧接着是谓语动词,空格处明显缺主句主语。四个选项中只有B能单独作主语。注意spread是过去式,没有数的变化,因为这一动作明显发生在过去时间。spread 和grows为什么时态可以不平行呢? 5~VosUp e7  
原来它在Central America 的家乡传播,现在在整个地方传播,now只修饰后面的grow "ED8z|]j  
q?  z>  
例:Ducks have been domesticated for many centuries ---- !$xu(D.  
  commercially for their meat and eggs. :=.*I   
   (A) raised   (B) and are raised =Viy^ieN$  
   (C) raised as  (D) are raised d0UZ+ RR#  
分析:正确答案为B。空格前是一个完整的句子,根据一个空格处如再出现谓语动词一定要有连词这一原则,B为惟一符合条件的选项。故选(B)。 ^X1wI9V  
+<(a}6dt  
第四、排列位置的平行 NB)t7/Us  
例:---the surface of metal, but also weakens it.  kq/u,16@  
   (A) Not only does rust corrode 5w3Fqu>39?  
   (B) Not only rust corrodes  MOZu .NmO  
   (C) Rust, which not only corrodes JeQ[qQ  
   (D) Rust not only corrodes C3"&sdLb$  
分析:正确答案为D。从but also放在动词前可知,not only也须置于动词前,故选D。A、B中的Not only位置放错了,C使句子缺主句,故排除。 (cV  
3E|;r _; 8  
对于not only, but also的用法有以下几种: 3 N%{B  
 1、主语+not only +谓语,but also+谓语,正确;例如上面例题中的第四个选项。 FmT `Oa>  
 2、Not only +主谓,but also+主谓,正确 ;93KG4a  
 3、Not only +主语+谓语,but also+谓语,错误 YKx 1NC  
CT"Fk'B'  
八、词序的颠倒 5 si}i'in  
词序的颠倒一般只考一道,90%的情况集中于下面三个出题方向 UKs$W`  
(一) 先说形容词,再说名词 OlGR<X  
例:The Medal of Honor is the highest award military for courage myvh@@N  
              A    B        > V%Q O>C  
  that can be given to any individual in the United States. V5s& hZZYa  
      C       D    P|}\/}{`  
分析:B错,军事的荣誉是military award而不是award military,单个形容词修饰名词时一般放在被修饰词的前面。 #v/ry)2Y=  
S aNN;X0  
*.8:'F  
(二) 副词+形容词+名词 9ECS,r*B  
例:Certain types of computers work properly only Phlk1*1n  
          A      B     SCq3Ds^  
  in environments with controlled precisely temperatures. [=~!w_  
    C         D H m8y]>$  
分析:D错,应改为precisely controlled,精确的被控制的温度。controlled为过去分词用作形容词,修饰它的副词应放在其前面,它自己则要紧挨着被修饰的名词。 x5vzPh`  
6/7F">@j  
%!wq:~B1  
(三)主语系动词, 系动词 + 表语 ~XQ$aRl&  
8MQ bLj'H  
例:During the 1600's skilled shoemakers scarce were =ZMF]|  
          A   B     C   gV`S%   
  in what is now the United States. D pNX66O  
    D m)k-uWc$C  
分析:C错,应改为were scarce。表语应该放在系动词后面。 ybYXD?  
S)Mby  
所有的系动词分为三大类: s((b"{fFb  
第一种:表示保持某种状态, '\'7yN'  
    is, remain, keep, stay, )|:8zDuJ  
    lie, exit(表示位于) o@',YF>OQ  
第二种,从一种状态转变到另一种状态 (zEYpTp  
    become, turn, grow, At|h t  
    get (It is getting warmer and warmer) 8E-Ip>{>  
e sGlMq  
第三种,感官动词 VLx T"]f  
    seem(好像是) R05T5Q1]A  
    look(看起来好像是) vcV!K^M-  
    feel, sound, appear, smell, taste GJ>ypEWo  
enough修饰形容词或副词时,一般放在形容词或副词后面。 2X^iV09  
例: The eruptions of Mt. St. Helens were enough severe %cd ]xQpCp  
    A               B     Pgx+\;w"  
   to cause numerous deaths. `43vxcMg  
        C   D  du8!3I  
分析:B错,应改为sever enough。severe是形容词, enough放在severe后面。 nE^wxtY  
dkETM,  
九、词性的混用 35}P0+  
词汇量的掌握对词性的使用非常重要,但是如果对出题方向有更好的把握,将会弥补词汇量的不足。 O2$!'!hz  
<G&WYk%u*  
(一)做表语时形容词和副词的混用 :nt}7Dn'  
做表语永远用形容词,绝对不能用副词; .^BWR  
\2(MpB\_6!  
例:Giant pandas, which inhabit restricted areas of high 0:HC;J  
          A        B      rx{#+ iw  
  mountain bamboo forests, are rarely today and RlPjki"Mg  
              C 2k%Bl+I  
  when they are in captivity they breed poorly. $`ON!,oa  
          D |%n|[LP'  
分析:错,应改为are rare。rarely为副词,不能作表语,故改为形容词rare(罕见的,稀少的) zkH<aLRB  
7jhl0  
ozT._ C  
(二)加宾语时名词和动名词的混用 < JGYr 4V  
后面加宾语当然要用动名词 kWI]fZ_n  
例:Tilling means preparation the soil to plant the seeds kVy"+ZebK  
         A       B      * .oi3m  
  and keeping the soil in the best condition to :p,c%" 8  
          C         <Wp`[S]r  
  help the crop grow until it is ready3 for harvesting. AX/=}G  
            D bBd*}"v^"  
分析:A错,应改为preparing。preparation为名词,后面不能接宾语,改为动名词preparing后既能接宾语,又与后面的keeping构成并列关系。 3L%Y"4(mm  
;]|m((15G  
例:Langston Hughes, a prolific writer of the 1920's, \ro~-n+o  
            A       VG? yL2y  
   was concerned with the depicting the experience of T]5U_AI@  
      B      C FA5k45w L  
   urban Black people in the United States. 0;. e#(`-  
   D CR} >  
分析:C错,应改为depicting。 depicting在此为动名词,作介词宾语时不加冠词。注意此处还可以改为the depiction of,但略显累赘,因为后面还有of结构。The +动名词,这个动名词其实就变为了名词。 J+-,^8)  
6,sR avs  
:==UDVP  
####(三)表示时间时,状语从句连接词和近义的介词混用 jFI]54,  
表示时间有两种可能, x'VeL|  
一种是状语从句,由when and while引导,后面加句子 h+\$ Z]  
另一种是由介词引导,如during,后面加名词, g;| n8]  
考试中往往就利用这个特点,总是给出相反的情况 {FrHm  
3/]f4D{MMY  
例:Balloon observations for military intelligence -Hl\j (D7  
       A     B     BbXmT"@  
  were made while the American Civil War. IFHgD}kp%#  
   C    D YB(#]H|8S  
分析:D错,应改为during。while是从属连词或并列连词,后面接句子,后面是名词短语时,应改为介词during。 9}7oKlyk  
Pj^k pjV  
例:Some of the most celebrated publicity stunts while the ]kU~#WT  
   A      B           C    t/4/G']W  
  history of radio were associated with Gracie Allen. tFb|y+  
          D LS?` {E   
分析:C错,应改为in。while为连词,后面要求接从句,而句中显然没有从句,故根据题意改为介词in。 EV;;N  
`0-m`>1>  
{ILQ CvP*  
(四)对等连接词和近义的副词混用 B%?|br  
连接平行结构的词叫做对等连接词,但是如果出现else, also, instead等副词把这些结构连接起来行不行呢?当然不行。 ** "s~  
[K^q: 3R  
例:Mary McDowell shared Jane Addam's interest in social YjMbd?v  
                   A     Sxx.>gP"61  
  work also was a loyal supporter of the League of Nations. /-cX(z 7  
     B   C    D c9F[pfi(  
分析:B错,应改为and。also是副词,不能连接并列的谓语动词,故改为并列连词and。 e=NQY8?  
1[,#@!k@  
例:Paper is strong under tension instead crumples 5#A1u Nb  
   A        B   C      7cQHRM+1  
  easily under the stress of compression. `~s,W.Eu4  
   D A1&>L9nUx  
分析:C错,应改为but;题目意思是在拉力的作用下很强,而在压力的作用下容易起皱;instead, 副词不能连接两个动词并列,but 的对等连接词和and, or的用法是一样的 gEe W1:AB  
88X*:Kf?:  
TPmZ/c^  
(五)表示人的名词和表示事物的词混用 0DP%44Cv9  
QI^8b\36  
例:An editor is customarily a brief newspaper or magazine `qy6 qKl N  
    A         B Ny&Fjzl  
  article that gives personal comments on current events. EIl$"^-  
          C            D E;+OD&|  
分析:A错,应改为editorial。 editor的意思是“编辑”,根据题意改为名词editorial(社论)。 kA9 X!)2w  
($ 1<Dj:  
bm ]dz;ljh  
例:For centuries, music have played acoustical guitars, q?'gwH37  
         A s9Q)6=mE  
  which produce sound from the vibration of the strings. X;[zfEB  
   B      C      D h,RUL  
分析:A错,应改为musicians。music是抽象名词,意为“音乐”,不能表示复数要领显然应改为musicians(音乐家)。 d?+oT0pCH  
kl<B*:RqH  
(六) 只能用副词+数量词+名词;不能用形容词 "rlSK >`  
nearly two hundred students, 这里nearly修饰的是200; zk_hDhg&'  
two hundred diligent students
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