翻译词汇--政治类 $lVR6|n
2017-02-08 MTI翻译硕士考研
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1.一个中国原则 the one-China principle _@2}zT
2.与时俱进 keep pace with the times )cP&c=
3.综合国力 overall national strength WVZ](D8Gc]
4.共同愿望common desire r ]s7a?O
5.“走出去”(战略)going global 5ir
Ffr
6.不结盟 non-alignment (w[#h9j
7.单边主义 unilateralism 4|U$ON?x
8.多边政策 multilateralism HKp|I%b]J
9.人口老龄化 aging of population =
y@*vl
10.人口出生率 birth rate WoV"&9y
11.“两个一百年”目标 two centenary goals 05>mR qVL
12.推进全面从严治党push forward the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party $|"Y|3&X
13.党和国家的根本利益the fundamental interests of the Party and state WwUhwY1o!L
14.全面小康社会all-round moderately prosperous society \rj>T6
15.社会主义现代化国家modern socialist country QHU|aC{r
16.全国各族人民的根本利益 / <C{$Gu
the fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups in China )d~{gPr.
17.执政地位 the ruling status (n{x"rLy/
18.社会主义核心价值观socialist core values d4~;!#<
19.维护社会和谐稳定 safeguard social harmony and stability b1TIVK3m
20.不断开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面 dl]pdg<
continuously open up new prospects for socialism with Chinese characteristics /9pN.E
21.人与自然和谐共生 harmony between humankind and nature #Z. QMWq
22.美丽中国建设 Beautiful China Initiative `.z"Q%uz
23.资源节约型、环境友好型社会 resource-conserving, environmentally friendly society k=W~ot&
24.国家生态文明试验区 national ecological conservation pilot zone 6o0}7T%6
25.重点生态功能区 important ecological area (IEA) :
E`78
26.绿色低碳循环发展产业体系 #My14u
industrial system geared toward green, low-carbon, and circular development KS'n$
27.循环发展引领计划initiative to guide the shift toward circular development
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28.全民节能行动计划 Nation of Energy Savers Initiative 5jq
@ nq6
29.计划生育基本国策 basic state policy of family planning r.q*S4IS.m
30.为政之道,民生为本 4^Ss\$*
That government is best which gives prime place to the wellbeing of the people. %9
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31.区域协同发展coordinated development between regions h2-v.Tjf
32.城乡发展一体化urban-rural integration a<0q%Ax
33.物质文明和精神文明协调发展 ]]o?!NX
ensure that cultural-ethical and material development progress together %4wEAi$I
34.协同创新collaborative innovation 5X>K#N
35.全面建成小康社会决胜阶段 bf=!\L$
the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects *knN?`(x
36.坚持人民主体地位uphold the principal position of the people -{}(U
37.创新发展 innovative development 2"T
b><^"
38.创新是引领发展的第一动力innovation is the primary engine of development. ?W_8X2(`
39.协调发展coordinated development ?)ct@,Ek$
40.协调是持续健康发展的内在要求 IgjPy5k
Coordination is an integral aspect of sustained and healthy development.
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41.人与自然和谐发展 q*Oj5;
humankind develops in harmony with nature; harmonious development between man and nature w~_ycY.e
42.G20峰会主办国 the host of the G20 b#
Dd
43.G20峰会成员国 G20 members >k
==7#P
44.嘉宾国 guest countries 9OFH6-;6`\
45.国际组织 international organization a~ RY 8s
46.新兴市场国家 emerging markets |"PS e~ u
47.领导人峰会 Leaders' Summit dU*$V7
48.主题 theme ZbiC=uh
49.论坛 forum /0cm7[a ?
50.发展中国家 developing countries pP#D*hiP-g
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翻译词汇--经济类 yZ!~m3Q
C?k\5AzT
1.必须毫不动摇坚持以经济建设为中心 s$zm)y5
remain committed to economic development as our central task TQ:h[6v
2.使中国经济这艘巨轮破浪远航 %y\5L#T!>
ensure that China's economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance Tay$::V
3.新动能异军突起 s Pb}A$'
new driving forces emerge HY eCq9S
4. 培育壮大新动能 s FJ:09L|
build up powerful new drivers KgbBa2@+
5.推动新技术、新产业、新业态加快成长 H)h^|A/vO
move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business FaWDAL=Vhk
6.建设共享平台 n!AW9]
create sharing platforms Q=>5@sZB
7.世界经济深度调整、复苏乏力 K2e68GU
the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover @U3z@v]s(h
8.经济增速换挡 z R'
EQ
the change of pace in economic growth qdy(C^(fa
9.经济韧性强、潜力足、回旋余地大 (,t[`z
economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth #AP;GoIf"j
10.长江经济带发展战略 )t3`O$J
The Yangtze Economic Belt initiative PH&Qw2(Sx
11.经济运行保持在合理区间 '^C
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The economy operated within an appropriate range. mR1b.$
12.提高实体经济的整体素质和竞争力 (]\p'%A)
improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy >&:}L%
13.支持分享经济发展 ]c
v|dc=
give our support to the development of a sharing economy &o7PB`(l
14.更好激发非公有制经济活力 ^|zag
energize the non-public sector ]" e'z
15.依法平等保护各种所有制经济产权 N$#~&
provide equal protection to the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership }y+Qj6dP
16.促进资源型地区经济转型升级 AG}j'
promote the economic transformation and upgrading of resource-dependent regions ]LZ#[xnM7
17.顺应国内经济提质增效升级的迫切需要 ]\ !ka/%
respond to the urgent need to improve the performance of and upgrade China's economy u?fM.=/N
18.为经济发展营造良好环境 hu} vYA7ZH
create an enabling environment for economic development q2J|koT
19.国际收支基本平衡 DZ\ '7%c
a basic balance in international payments 1kpw*$P0
20.增强经济发展新动力 ,SNrcwv
strengthen the new growth engines QW,:'\G
21.开放型经济新体制 ]|PTZ1?j
new systems for developing an open economy -`{W~yz
22.互利合作 b/qK/O8J
mutually beneficial cooperation Li|~%E1
23.国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划 <QFayZ$
(“十三五”规划) CmbgEGIh[a
the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China %i/|}K
(the 13th Five-Year Plan ) !~%DR~^`
24.引领经济发展新常态 T30fp
guide the new normal in China’s economic development [jlum>K
25.中高速增长 F)X`CG ;t
medium-high rate of economic growth B0gD4MX/
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翻译词汇--文化类 "ldd&><
d7G@Z|R3p
1.金 metal VVAc bAGJ
2.木 wood @ :PMb Ub
3.水 water ;b=diZE
4.火 fire tbR
5.土 earth 0 AffD:
6.炎黄子孙 Chinese descent *A8*FX>\F
7.五行 five elements ^yc8is'`
8.风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen fU
;H
9.阳历 solar calendar '6){~ee
S
10.阴历 lunar calendar BQ u8$W
11.闰年 leap year j2IK\~W?-
12.十二生肖 zodiac ]nebL{}5
13.财神爷 the God of Wealth :w5g!G?z
14.阎王爷 King of Hell w.J$(o(/
15.玉皇大帝 the Jade Emperor L
-}Uj^yF
16.儒家文化 Confucian Culture u&S0
17.刺绣 Embroidery |y0k}ed
18.剪纸 Paper Cutting j #:
ARb
19.书法 Calligraphy |:#Ug
20.象形文字 Pictograms/Pictographic Characters A g+B*
21.《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West /Journey to the West j}/).O
22.《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms S&IW]ffK
23.《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone) Z&iW1
24.《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes /Water Margins AhA&=l
i;
25.《论语》 Analects of Confucius 6la'\l#
26.《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals _{#K
27.《史记》 Historical Records `^^t#sT
28.《孟子》 The Mencius LVdR,'lS
29.《诗经》 The Book of Odes <>f;g"qS
30.国庆节 National Day %vZHHBylu
31.中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival (X\]! 'A
32.春节 Spring Festival V0
Z8VqV
33.元宵节 the Lantern Festival H}G 9gi
34.除夕 Chinese New Year’s Eve /Eve of the Spring Festival P* &0HbJ
35.清明节 the Qing Ming Festival 6m]?*k1HC
36.端午节 the Dragon-Boat Festival Pn9;&`t
37.重阳节 the Double Ninth Festival 0`WFuFi^o
38.植树节Arbor Day J|
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39.劳动节Labor Day jz=V*p}6
40.中国青年节 Chinese Youth Day DOFW"Sp E
41.七夕节Chinese Valentine's Day zx]r.V
42.春联spring couplets Y7qQ`|
43.春运the Spring Festival travel I;wxgWOP
44.剪纸 paper-cut -
(((y)!
45.国画 Chinese painting +p jB/#4
46.豆腐 tofu VrfEa d
47.火锅 hot pot &XI9%h9|
48.八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding \zk>cQ
49.粽子 rice dumpling LfW:
G5@-
50.月饼 moon cake j(;ou?Uh
51.爆竹firecracker #tsP
52.年画(traditional) New Year pictures N>a~k}pP
H
53.压岁钱New Year gift-money II _CT=
54.守岁 staying-up Ce}m$k
55.拜年 pay new year's call adri
02C/
56.禁忌 taboo c'VCCXe
57.去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune Uy|!f]"?
58.祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to one's ancestors 37?X@@Z=
59.辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year I
H#CaD
60.扫房 spring cleaning /general house-cleaning p-(V2SP/)t
61.年糕 rice cake/new year cake Glx{Zu=
62.团圆饭 family reunion dinner :?z@T[-
63.年夜饭 the dinner on new year's eve j p~Tlomp
64.舞龙dragon dance |=VWE>g
65.舞狮lion dance VE/m|3%t
66.元宵sweet sticky rice dumplings T 8]*bw
67.花灯festival lantern @Ss
W
68.灯谜lantern riddle ume70ap}m
69.宣纸 rice paper Vx5fQ mx
70.叩头 kowtow Kk
zG#'I1
71.孔子Confucius #7:ah
72.武术Chinese Martial Arts Mkt_pr
73.功夫 kung fu 4T$jY}U
74.中庸 the way of medium ei1;@k/
75.中和 harmony M1 o@v 0
76.火药 gunpowder 9|@5eN:N
77.印/玺 Seal/Stamp #ifjQ7(:
78.京剧 Beijing Opera/Peking Opera ,.=7{y~
79.仁righteousness
? uP5("c
80.理propriety bh\2&]Di/
81.智wisdom 6Qz=g
t%I=
82.信 fidelity "9*MSsU
83.三纲五常three cardinal guides and five constant virtues /yUKUXi
84.秦始皇陵 The Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Tomb `8\"3S
85.天安门广场Tian’anmen Square aDLlL?r3
86.人民英雄纪念碑 The Monument to the People’s Heroes Aq'~'hS`1
87.人民大会堂 The Great Hall of the People 5OFB
[
88.故宫 The Forbidden City ,ag*
/
89.颐和园 The Summer Palace CL(D&8v8~
90.长城 The Great Wall ?f:0GE7
91.西湖 West Lake `t
Ks|GQf
92.重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage 9&B#@cw
93.民间艺术 outstanding folk arts *|L;&XM&/
94.历史文化名村名镇towns and villages with rich historical and cultural heritage \qG` ts
95.美丽宜居乡村 a countryside that is beautiful and pleasant to live in 7o*~zDh@fH
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热词 pVjOp~=U
H~ >\HV*
一周热词榜(1.15-1.22) :2A-;P4
2017-02-09 MTI翻译硕士考研 n5fc_N/8O=
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本周热词: !0KNA1w,
1.'个税改革方案'年内出炉 {G|= pM\'
2.'捐献器官'空运办法发布 v//Drj
3.北京拟建'环保警察'队伍 TH
CvcU?X
4.14类人建'个人信用记录' zx?|5=+!
5.众多年轻人沦为'恐年族' Qk.[#
6.特朗普'就职典礼'将举行 [4PiQyr
ob[G3rfd@Z
h?->A#
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01 ~Hb0)M@y7
个税改革方案 B6!ni@$M8X
reform plan for individual income tax Cv`dK=n>
Financial experts have said the reform plan for individual income tax is expected to be submitted to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for review in April this year. AC?a:{./
金融专家称,个税改革方案预计将于今年4月提请全国人大常委会审议。 Fj&8wZ)v)
近年来,作为与老百姓息息相关的民生(people's livelihood)问题,税制改革问题一直备受关注(draw wide public concern)。在近日召开的全国财政工作会议(national financial work conference)上,财政部部长肖捷在介绍今年要做好的几项重点工作(outline the major tasks for this year)时提到,要深入推进财税体制改革(promote reform of fiscal and tax system),加快现代财政制度建设,研究推进综合与分类相结合的个人所得税改革(reform of individual/personal income tax)。 %w3tzE1Hq
关于个税改革,人们最先想到的大概就是个税起征点(the threshold of individual income tax),在前几次个税改革中,提高起征点都是主要的改革内容。迄今为止,个税起征点已在2006年、2008年和2011年进行了三次调整,由800元一路调高至3500元。因此,个税起征点是否会迎来第四次调高备受人们关注。不过,财政部原部长(former minister of finance)楼继伟去年曾表示,简单地提高起征点是不公平的(it is unfair to simply raise the threshold)。因此,今年改革的重点(the major focus of the reform)将由提高起征点转变为建立一种将综合和分类税制相结合的新型税制(establish a new taxation system that combines comprehensive and classified taxation systems)。此外,为减轻民众的税负(ease people's tax burden),政府将把人们在教育、房贷、养老等方面的开支(expenditure on education, housing loans and old-age care)纳入到个税专项抵扣(special deduction)项中。 -e+im(2D=
[相关词汇] 5N2`e3:I
综合计征 comprehensive tax levying 9N<TJp,q
免税 tax exemption =cx_3gCr{
关税 tariff -x>2Wb~%
消费税 consumption tax M(Yt9}Z%Y
进口环节增值税 import value-added tax ofCN[u
收入分配 income distribution Tx$bg(
贫富差距 gap between the rich and the poor W)odaab7
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2捐献器官 :l {%H^;1
donated organs msZ3%L
Donated organs will have priority when it comes to boarding airplanes at all civil airports in China, according to a regulation aimed at better utilizing donated organs. L5]uT`Twa
根据一项旨在更充分地利用捐献器官的规定,捐献器官将在国内所有民用机场享有优先登机权。 WG5)-;>q|
民航目前是我国人体捐献器官(donated organs)跨区域、长距离转运(cross-regional and long-distance transportation)的主要渠道。为进一步规范人体捐献器官航空运输(air transport)流程,扎实做好服务保障工作,11日,中国民航局(the Civil Aviation Administration of China)发布《人体捐献器官航空运输管理办法》。《办法》明确,人体器官(human organ)获取组织工作人员明确获取人体捐献器官时间并确定所乘航班班次后,应至少在航班起飞(flight departure)前四个小时通过客服(customer service)电话联系航空公司,咨询航空公司相关规定并提出运输申请。未在航班起飞前提前四个小时提出申请或提出申请后预计不能按时到达机场(fail to arrive at an airport on time)的,应主动通过航空公司客服电话说明情况,由航空公司启动应急预案(emergency/contingency plan)。在飞机舱门关闭前达机场的,由航空公司协调开通人体捐献器官绿色通道(fast track/priority passage),快速办理乘机手续(check-in procedures)、优先通过安检(pass security checks)登机。 9Om3<der
根据《办法》,人体捐献器官应由人体器官获取组织工作人员放置于运输专用容器(special container)中作为手提行李(carry-on luggage)运输,并在运输过程中自行照管。人体捐献器官运输专用容器尺寸超过航空公司允许旅客携带手提行李最大尺寸的,航空公司可要求人体器官获取组织工作人员使用占座行李(cabin-seat baggage)的方式进行运输。人体捐献器官运输专用容器内含有保存器官所必须的液态物品(contain liquid that is necessary for preservation of the organs)的,不受液态物品航空运输条件的限制,但应满足运输安全要求。 l+^4y_
无锡市人民医院副院长、肺移植专家(lung transplant specialist)陈静瑜表示,规定中的器官移植(organ transplant)优先措施预计将进一步减少器官浪费(further reduce waste of organs)。器官从捐献者身上被取下后应尽早进行移植(organs retrieved from donors should be transplanted within the shortest time possible),因此在获取器官(acquire the organs)后,人体器官获取组织工作人员通常必须马不停蹄地赶往机场(hurry to an airport)。陈静瑜称,允许运输捐献器官的医务人员(medical staff transporting donated organs)快速登机有助于提高捐献器官的利用率(better utilization of donated organs)。 XK@Ct eP"
[相关词汇] -&LF`V&3w
器官捐献 organ donation ~<3J9\z1
器官捐献者 organ donor $< .wQ8:Q
器官接受者 organ recipient /t _QA
排异反应 rejection R9~c: A4G
免疫抑制治疗 immunosuppressive therapy JuRx>F4
基因移植 gene transplant SA,+oq(
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3环保警察 VVi3g
environmental police force i[n3ILn
Beijing will strengthen environmental protection in 2017 by organizing an environmental police force to step up supervision and accountability in its 16 districts, Cai Qi, the city's acting mayor, said. |I=GI]I
北京市代市长蔡奇近日表示,2017年北京市将组建环保警察队伍加强对环境的保护,在该市16个城区强化监督和问责。 ,y[w`Q\
据介绍,环保警察(environmental police force)将着重打击露天烧烤(open-air barbecues)、垃圾焚烧(garbage incineration)、生物体燃烧(biomass burning)等不符合环保规定的行为。 qo
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除了组建环保警察队伍外,蔡奇表示,北京市还将从农村"煤改清洁能源"(change coal to clean energy in rural areas)、最大限度地压减发电厂的本地排放(reduce local emission of power plants)、逐步淘汰高污染老旧车辆(phase out high-polluting old vehicles)、重点管控重型柴油车(control heavy-duty diesel vehicles)、全面推进燃气设施氮氧化物减排(reduce emission of nitrogen oxide in gas facilities)、深化区域大气污染协作机制(strengthen regional air pollution coordination mechanism)等10个方面入手,坚定不移地"铁腕治霾",聚焦大气污染防治(air pollution prevention and control)的各个领域,自我加压、深挖潜力。据报道,目前全国已有多个省市成立了专司环保执法(environmental protection law enforcement)的警察队伍,其中省一级层面成立环保警察的包括浙江、辽宁、河北、山东、贵州五个省,均由公安部门负责。 6oq/\D$6~
[相关词汇] S 0mt8/ M
空气污染 air pollution D'"l%p
雾霾净化塔 smog free tower dPF*G$
空气净化器 air-purifying machine #UqE%g`J
通风廊道 ventilation corridor $8NM[R.8^4
绿色能源 green energy qGECw#
节能环保 energy saving and environmental protection xPP]Ro PR
1<pb=H
4个人信用记录 7m;<b$
personal credit record g,\O}jT\'
The establishment of personal credit records will boom in China in 2017, with people from 14 kinds of important occupations being targeted, said Lian Weiliang, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission. vH>s2\V"
国家发改委副主任连维良近日表示,2017年我国将掀起个人信用记录建设高潮,14类重点职业人员将成为建设的目标人群。 C9nCSbGMY{
这14类职业人员包括公务员(civil servant)、企业法定代表人(legal representative)及相关责任人、律师、教师、医师、执业药师、评估师(appraiser)、税务师(tax accountant)、注册消防工程师(registered fire protection engineer)、会计审计人员、房地产中介从业人员(real estate agent)、认证人员、金融从业人员、导游(tour guide)等。 ME'LZ"VT
连维良提出,今年还将在全国范围建立和完善信用红黑名单制度(a nationwide credit whitelist and blacklist will be set and improved over the course of the year)。他表示,目前,守信联合激励和失信联合惩戒(encourage those with good credit records and punish the opposites)大格局正在形成(come into being)。2017年,守信联合激励和失信联合惩戒备忘录要扩展到各个领域(extend to all fields),总量预计超过50个,实现全覆盖。 li%A?_/m<&
国家发改委透露,据不完全统计,目前全国法院累计公布失信被执行人(defaulter, people who have failed to fulfill court orders)644.52万例,民航部门(civil aviation authorities)限制购买机票576.62万人次,铁路部门限制购买列车软卧(soft-berth)、高铁和其他动车组一等座(first-class seats on high-speed trains and bullet trains)车票207.23万人次。工商部门限制担任企业法定代表人、董事、监事、高级管理人员等职务(be banned from taking positions such as legal representative, director, supervisor, senior executive in a company)7.1万余人次。 pw=o}-P{
连维良指出,推进个人诚信体系建设(promote the establishment of personal credit system),要强调"四重",要特别重视实名制(real-name registration)、信息安全(information security)、信用修复服务(credit repair services)、信息服务,核心精神就是保护个人的权益(protect individual rights and interests)。据了解,作为诚信体系建设的重要配套文件之一,《关于进一步健全相关领域实名登记制度的总体方案》不久即将公布(a general plan on further improving real-name registration requirements in related fields will soon be released)。 :2AlvjvjZ
[相关词汇] Kq}-)
社会信用体系 social credit system }ZfdjF8N!
诚信 honesty }syU(];s
失信行为 dishonest conduct 6:`4bo
失信黑名单制度 blacklisting system for dishonesty 7J5Yzu)D
市场性惩戒 market-oriented punishment #++D|oE
实名制 real-name system zKNac[:
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5恐年族 <l$ vnq
people suffering from Spring Festival phobia )Xice=x9
Many young people suffer from Spring Festival phobia because of the extravagance and waste and pressure that have come to characterize the festival. :VlMszy}B3
铺张浪费和压力已经成了春节的特征,不少年轻人因此沦为"恐年族"。 =wFl(Q6J
春节(the Spring Festival/Chinese Lunar New Year)原本是家人团聚(family reunion/get-together)、美满和睦的节日,高涨的人情消费(the expenses associated with maintaining interpersonal relationships)、攀比之风(the craze to vie with each other/keeping up with the Joneses)却让不少人沦为"恐年族(people suffering from Spring Festival phobia, people who have a phobia about the Spring Festival)"。《中国青年报》的一项调查显示,参与调查的网友中77.2%的人表示身边存在恐年族,41.1%的人认为自己就是恐年族。网友票选出的过年最纠结的事包括过年花销、家人逼婚(be pressured by their family to get married)、无颜归家等等。 C@9K`N[*
一些年轻人最发愁的是春节期间的"高消费"。中国有个传统就是过年时长辈会给小孩子红包(it is a Chinese tradition for children to receive money as a New Year gift from elders)。随着人们生活条件的提高(the improvement in people's living conditions),许多人给亲友的孩子发红包就要发出好几千元。再加上送给父母的礼物以及亲友聚餐的花费,春节期间花费过万的情况并不少见,对许多人来说,这成了沉重的经济负担(heavy economic burden)。 Nq[-.}Z6
不仅"钱包受伤","脾胃受累"也是不少年轻人的担忧。每年春节都要参加老同学的聚会(attend gatherings/parties with former schoolmates),还有各个亲戚、朋友(relatives and friends)轮番请客。春节的生活几乎就是从一个饭局到另一个饭局,而喝酒几乎是少不了的,身体实在是吃不消,感觉过个年比上班还累(feel more worn out during the holiday than at work)。 .!_^<