独立主格特征 5K vp%
• 1. 充当句子的状语。 z?/_b
• 2. 有自己的主语，同句子的主语不一致。 l4C {LZ
• 3. 名词（代词，形容词，副词，介词）+ 分词 g 9, "u_
• 4. With + 名词 （代词） + 分词 (形容词） >%/x~U Fc5
• 例：a) It being raining, I decided to stay at home. B,b8\\^k|
• b) Speech having been delivered, discussion started. ax
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• c) he entered the room, with his hands open （holding a rifle). Q14zc0N
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真题剖析
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• (1995) 45 cliffs no longer crumbling, the beaches are 46 of the material which would 47 feed them. Y6{^cZ!=
45. A. For B. As C. With D. Because = =Gc%
虚拟语气（1） ;i@S}LwL
虚拟语气（2） =VC18yA
• 1. （should）+动词原形 Gxr\a2Z&r%
• It +be动词+形容词(-able)(essential, odd, vital, absurd, regrettable, desirable…)+that从句 (
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• It +be动词+名词(pity,shame…)+that从句 HxI6_ >n^I
• It +be动词+过去分词(ordered, begged, voted, moved…)+that从句 NcA
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• 部分名词/动词(表示建议，劝告，决定等) +that从句 PV68d; $:8
• 2. It’s (high, about) time that +动词过去式 o78 u>O y
would rather +动词过去式 ^'3c%&Zf3
(p]FI # y
真题剖析 pBtO1x6x/
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• (1997) … I wouldn’t be truthful if I 47 say that teaching is hard work . … s`yzeo
47. A. do B. did C. don’t D. didn’t zx@!8Z
• (1993)…The Cairo newspapers the next day carried banner headlines about the student demonstration 52 , and they 53 that the professor be sent home. SxF'2 ii
53. A. ordered B. pleaded A6(D o]M
C. decided D. demanded {Y~>&B5
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非谓语动词 6_mi9_w
• 动名词、分词、不定式。 cSL6V2F
• 主动或被动。(doing/done, to do /to be done) ; Y/nS
• 发生在谓语动词之前还是之后。(doing/ having done /having been done, to do/to have done /to have been) 1$
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• To在什么情况下作介词，什么情况下作不定式引导词。 A f'&, 1=q
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真题剖析 ?/| Xie
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• (2000) … In the inner cities of America, newspapers regularly report on newborn babies 60 into garbage bins by drug-addicted mothers. " Enb
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60. A. dropped B. to drop C. dropping D.drops E{
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主谓一致 (1) bM?gAY]mB8
• 1. 整体及抽象概念作主语，谓语通常用单数形式。 Fk=SkS ky
How you got there doesn’t concern me. py;p7y!gxA
Growing vegetables needs constant watering. Y` }X5(A@
• 2. 表示时间、距离、重量、容量、价值等概念作主语，谓语多用单数。 V$ZclV2:Ih
Eight hundred dollars is enough to live on. vW?\bH7}I
• 3. 以-s结尾的专有名词（linguistics, economics, measles, diabetes等），谓语通常用单数形式。 puPI ^6y%
• 4. “分数或百分数+主语”，谓语跟主语保持一致。 )tG. 9"<
Two thirds of the villages are flooded (the area is under water). Pd7\Q]of
主谓一致 (2) o`f^ m
• 5. 不定代词(one, each, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something等)作主语，谓语用单数。 :#:|:q.]
Everyone knows that you’ve come here. n])#
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If anybody wants to see me, let them wait till I come back. (--thing 的情况例外) xn*$Ty+
• 6. 谓语同并列主语的第一部分保持一致（as well as, with, along with, together with, as much as, accompanied by, besides, but, except, in addition to, like, more than, no less than, rather than, including等） oU|G74e 6
He no less than John is interested in literature. }Xj25` x
主谓一致 (3) "Not /
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• 7. 谓语同最贴近的主语保持一致。(or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, not…but, partly…partly等) QIi y\E %
Either my father or my brothers are coming. i "&FW&W
• 8. each,every,many a, no …+主语，谓语用单数。 &nIu^,.
Many a student and teacher has been to the Great Wall. ,l~<|\4,wv
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真题剖析 L/"MR Q"
• (2000) …Mexico City already 52 twenty million people and Calcutta twelve million. According to the World Bank, 53 of Africa’s cities are growing by 10% a year, 54 of urbanization ever recorded. '3S~Q N
53. A. none B. few C. any D. some AW5iwq 6p
54. A. event B. work C. level D. rate F *P0=DD
倒装 s| p I`
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一、全部倒装 ^}+\ 52w
二、部分倒装 ujV{AF`JfB
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全部倒装 ! AwMD
• 1. “There (Here) +be+主语” *I 1 H
There stand big buildings in this district. dk&e EDvfd
Here on the desk lies a pile of books. r,;ca6>5H
• 2. 单个副词(in, out, now, up, down, away, off, then)位于句首(短语动词不可拆，如it blew up.) HAn{^8"@
In came the boss. / Ahead sat an old man. NifQsy)*%
• 3. 介词短语作状语位于句首 (~DW_+?]'
In the middle of the room stood the naughty boy. necY/&Ld-
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全部倒装 8R*;8y_
• 4. 表语位于句首 k o@ej
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Especially remarkable was his flat nose. w*`:v$
Not far from here is a famous university. pX%:XpC!h
• 5. so,nor, neither, no more 位于句首,代表前文 V&f*+!!2
She wasn’t angry, and neither was I. "L2*RX.R
Peter doesn’t like pop music. No more does his brother. +RJ{)Nec
• 6. 分词短语位于句首（分词+be +主语） ?TA7i b_
Gone forever were the days that we depended on foreign oil. t2,II\K l
部分倒装 7wj2-BWa
• 1. 疑问句 =7V4{|ESfy
• 2. 否定副词(seldom, rarely, scarcely, hardly, little, never, few, not until, not only) 位于句首（作形容词时例外） {N~mDUoJ|
Never did John speak rudely to his parents. _ 9>,9aL
• 3. “only+状语”位于句首 \9[vi +T
Only when he comes back can be leave. htB7
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• 4. “hardly…when”, “scarcely…when”, “no sooner…than”, “not only…(but also)” 位于句首 ^(J rOh'
No sooner had he got into the classroom than the class began. OG}890 $n
部分倒装 :[<Y#EX.
• 5. not,no组成的词组位于句首(in no way, under no circumstances, on no account…) EA~xxKq
By no means should you break the rules.
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At no time should we give in to difficulties. 8;g
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• 6. 虚拟倒装(had, were, should放到句首) i\CA6I
• 7. “形容词/名词/动词+as/though（尽管,虽然）+be动词” w> 2lG3H<
Small though the room is, it can hold more than twenty people. Vq3 NjN!+5
Search as they would, they could find nothing in the house.
