2011 年 浙江大学 浙大 考博 英语 真题 听力 选择题 原文 k.F(*kh
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第一篇
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Among my experiences as a college president is the all-too-frequent phone call &-Z#+>=H(
in the night that begins: "One of your students is in the emergency room with alcohol >LB
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poisoning." The whole country got a similar wake-up call in June when it was @]{:juD~
reported that alcohol abuse on college campuses is on the rise, especially for women, gem+$TFq
and that college students drink far more than nonstudents. One statistic showed that ,P
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college students spend more money on alcohol while in college than on books. M Xl!
Alcohol abuse, although tragic, is but one symptom of a larger campus crisis. A ~
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generation has come to college quite fragile, not very secure about who it is, fearful of '#8;b
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its lack of identity and without confidence in its future. Many students are ashamed of k Nw3Qr
themselves and afraid of relationships. 7otqGE\2
Students use alcohol as an escape. It's used as an excuse for bad behavior: the $U5$*R@jo[
insanity defense writ large on campus. This diminished sense of self has caused a v{>9&o.J
growth in racism, sexism, attempted suicide, theft, property-damage and cheating on y/A<eHLy
most campuses. kC6s_k
This is not the stuff of most presidents' public conversations. Nor can it be cE]#23
explained away as an "underclass" problem; it is found on our most privileged 8"S?
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campuses. It is happening because the generation now entering college has 5'O.l$)y
experienced few authentic connections with adults in its lifetime. I call this the }\\6"90g*
"Culture of Neglect," and we — parents, teachers, professors and administrators — ]z /
are the primary architects. ?GGh )";y
It begins at home, where social and economic factors — such as declining g|l|)T.s
incomes requiring longer work hours — result in less family time. Young people have !J@pox-t
been allowed to or must take part-time jobs rather than spending time in school, on \ \~4$Ai[
homework or with their families. More children and youths are being reared in a kOuQR
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vacuum, with television as their only supervisor, and there is little expectation that a'|Dm7'4t
they learn personal responsibility. Immersed in themselves, they are left to their peers. _`Sz}Yk
31. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ( ) . × 正确答案为 C N[,/VCW
[A] it is easy to be a college president ) N"gW*
[B] a college president has to sit up till midnight 0
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[C] alcohol abuse is quite common on campus 0#K
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[D] it is harmful for college students to drink alcohol pBu~($%d
32. According to the author, college students turn to alcohol as a(n) ( ). × 4==LtEp
正确答案为 C k||DcwO
[A] inspiration -0doL^A
[B] stimulation &_
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[C] escape cBA
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[D] relaxation [%8+Fa~Wa
33. The word "architects" in Para. 2 can be best replaced by ( ). × 正确 DDhc ^(
答案为 D gB@Wv91
[A] artists 3,B[%!3d
[B] experts <cz~q=%v2&
[C] discoverers :PaFC{O)*
[D] designers m"vV=6m|\
34. How do parents react to the "Culture of Neglect"?( ) × 正确答案为 Va/p
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[A] Parents have lowered their expectations on children.
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[B] Parents take little care of the growth of their children.
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[C] Parents spend too much time watching television. vP'R7r2Yx
[D] Parents fail to cooperate with teachers and administrators.
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35. What is the main problem with the children brought up in the "Culture of {ersXQ:
Neglect?"( ) × 正确答案为 C UrxgKTry
[A] They can't read or write well. cY>;( x@
[B] They can hardly find a good job. sEvJ!$Tt?I
[C] They don't have the sense of responsibility. xt"/e-h}
[D] They are more likely to commit crimes. }wkBa]
第二篇 _L!"
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Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little Kr
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conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to %9NGVC
divisiveness (分裂) and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark xD1B50y U
creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way. e:V,>RbC0s
Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the tXKhkt`
optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple HKcipDW
generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. %e1vq
Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for iQGoy@<R
not-for-profit organizations. xSOL4
Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied IB*%PMTF
systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in 3.d=1|E
not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their uV
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organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be j ^!J:Bj
achieved in the absence of conflict. v*BA\
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Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that tc,7yo\".
conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in Z *ZG5e
their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for xZhD6'Zzz
effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking G+g`=7
organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial }5] s+m
terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial \iE'E
indicators. i~F Ct4
In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined yauP j&^R
from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and Z.mV fy%
ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived p$%h!.~99T
that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions. u('OHPqq
31.In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is________. XWUTb\@
A) wrong n `Xz<Q!
B) oversimplified
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C) misleading S2s-TpjB<
D) unclear RYhdf
注:文章第一句 !KlSw,&=.6
32.Professor Charles R. Schwenk's research shows________. OLR1/t`V
A) the advantages and disadvantages of conflict M!jW=^\
B) the real value of conflict qlxW@|
C) the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflict z$V8<&q
D) the complexity of defining the roles of conflict =Ffq =<
注:文章第二段 ~^C7(g )
33.We can learn from Schwenk's research that________. cU6#^PFu
A) a person’s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organization 1c4%g-]7
B) conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizations >>8w(PdTn%
C) different people resolve conflicts in different ways ;'
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D) it is impossible for people to avoid conflict ,TtDCcjd%f
注:文章第三段 :y
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34.The passage suggests that in for - profit organizations_______. mpivg
A) there is no end of conflict qR<DQTO<
B) expression of different opinions is encouraged -U $pW(~
C) decisions must be justifiable M0e|G.S&_
D) success lies in general agreement .:raeDrd
注:文章第四段,justifiable 合法化
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