高分语法讲解 #/]nxW.S
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第一章 名词 x"~JR\yzKJ
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正确区分可数名词与不可数名词、正确选择可数名词单复数、名词之前的限定词与名词数(单复数)之间的关系以及名词在句子中承担的成分是TOEFL中常考的内容 <}LC~B!
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第一节 可数名词 'Vbi VLWD
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考点一 单复数 6nQq
可数名词与不可数名词的典型区别在于前者有单数和复数两种形式。 n| ;Im&,
TOEFL考试中经常在不可数名词后面加了s,变为复数形式,其实这是再考你辨别可数名词和不可数名词的能力。TOEFL中还经常考可数名词是采用单数还是复数, 这往往要通过句意或者其他的一些指示词来辨别。 $u.z*b_yy
例如:various colors(various是各种各样的,后面当然要用复数形式) {8OCXus3m
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下面我们会讲一下复数形式。 :%.D78&
复数形式简而言之就是在单数词尾加-s,但实际上细分起来还有一些具体的规则: O84i;
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1.结尾是s, o, x, ch, sh 的词, 加-es, 如:buses, tomatoes, faxes, matches, brushes nK,w]{<wG!
2.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的词, 去掉y加-ies, 如: factory-factories KSvE~h[#+
3.结尾是f, fe的词, 去掉f, fe加-ves, 如: half-halves, knife-knives 6 r"<jh #
4.结尾是o, f 的词也有一些加-s, 如: photos, beliefs, chiefs "fI6Cpc
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例题: "8RSvT<W^5
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(1) Flower have long been cultivated and bred for their beauty and their fragrance. w &(ag$p'
A B C D <m m[S
答案:A {FGj]*
应改为:Flowers ?0SEMmp`H
解释:表泛指时,可数名词可用不定冠词加单数或直接用复数,因谓语是复数,故改为复数 p[-O( 3Y
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(2) Doctor are discovering that there is a strong psychological component to chronic G3 m Z($y
A B C D ?CZd Ol
pain. [ }:$yg
答案:A JVJMgim)0
应改为:Doctors ZoeD:xnh[
解释:表泛指时,可数名词用冠词加单数或直接用复数,因谓语动词是复数,故名词也用复数 GeqP
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考点二 复数形式特例 5bIw?%dk(
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这部分主要考察学生对特殊复数形式的记忆,作为考题并不过多的出现,但是在题干中的出现率却非常高,因此熟悉下列一些词的复数形式有助于理解题意 ~@!bsLSMU
1.单复数词形相同 j+!v}*I![
如: people, fish, Chinese(某国人), aircraft, means, series, species,sheep, deer, aircraft等 ~[
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2.外来词保留了原来的复数形式, 这一点需要重点掌握, 如: lMt=|
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basis-bases analysis-analyses crisis-crises W/ \g~=vo
medium(媒体)-media datum(数据)-data curriculum(课程)-curricula G5!^*jf
larva(幼虫)-larvae criterion(标准)-criteria phenomenon(现象)-phenomena /efUjkP
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3.通常只以复数形式出现的词语, 如: -/4P3SG/
clothes trousers compasses(圆规) scales(天平) savings(储蓄), t:S+%u U
statistics(统计数据), headquarters(总部), z{543~Og59
4.复数形式有特殊意义的词语, 如: %xW"!WbJ|
goods(货物), manners(礼貌), troops(军队), authorities(当局) Smh,zCc>s
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5 不规则的名词复数 7=uj2.J6
child - children mouse - mice louse - lice "tZe>>I
tooth - teeth foot - feet =D(j)<9$A
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6.注意:有一些结尾是-s的词, 但是要当作单数看待, 如: physics, politics, mathematics是表示学科的不可数名词 <v2;p}A
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例题: }vuARZ>
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(1) With the incorporation of jazz history into current academic curricula, leading ZcsZ$qt^
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jazz musicians are now founding on the faculties of several universities. nTas~~Q
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(2) ]5O~+Nf
Like some other running birds, the sanderling lacks a back toe and has a three-toed ]'cs.
A B C -=="<0c
feet. siaG'%@*r
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答案:D K'bP@y_cq
应改为:foot w]H->B29C
解释:feet是foot的复数形式, 不定冠词a 之后应接可数名词的单数, 故将feet 改为单数 x:;kSh
词汇:sanderling: 三趾滨鹬 e(sk[guvX
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第二节 限定词 eRYK3W
名词究竟要用单数还是复数, 与名词之前的限定词有很大关系, 限定词通常分如下几类: *hx
1.之后肯定接单数: hM{bavd
a /an, every, one, another, each, either, this, that, such a, many a, etc. 6<]lW
例句: Each of them has two books. Z r8*et
You can read either book. (两本书你可以随便读一本) =&]L00u.
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2.之后肯定接复数: pkzaNY/q
these, those, many, such, other, pb}*\/
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大于one的数词(ten, hundred, thousand, million…), O?2DQY?jT
a few /few /fewer /fewest, a (great /good / large /small) number of, several NJ<F>3
one of, all (of), some /any (of), most (of), a lot of, lots of, the rest of, plenty of #4PN"o@
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3.之后既可接单数又可接复数: the, no, his, her, their, my, etc l-Z4Mq6*L
注意:这几类词大多不能同时使用 p'%s=TGwv
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考点一 否定限定词no k:;r2f
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(1) no既可用于可数名词复数前又可用于单数前, 表示否定意义. 例如: X8|,
No flowers in the garden. 花园里没有花. ;+%rw 2Z,B
No one is here. K-4PI+qQ\
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(2) no与否定副词not的区别是改错题的常见考点。 二者的区别在于: #e"[^_C@!
no直接修饰名词, 不能与其他限定词同时出现; AH^/V}9H
not一般出现在be动词或助动词之后, a, an, any等限定词之前, 它是否定式的组成要素, 而不是名词的限定词 {FkF
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例题: Y]>t[Lo%
(1) 3BI1fXT4=j
The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is ---- clearly understood. jd:6:Fm
(A) none (=0.in Z
(B) no ;l+Leex
(C) not }#fbbtd
(D) nor !0+JbZ<%r|
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答案: C <E~'.p,
解释: 此句主谓完整, 据选项可知空白处需填入合适的词使原句变为否定, 只有否定副词not可以和is配合构成否定句, A、B、D 之后都需要名词词组, 不符题意 $FV NCFN%
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(2) ~ljXzD93Z
Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933, when P:c w|Q
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Frances Perkins became secretary of labor. Cdn J&N{
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答案: A D*jM1w_`
应改为: No 4?kcv59
解释: Not是否定副词应置于be动词或助动词之后, 且它与单数名词间需加冠词, 而no是形容词, 可以直接修饰后面的名词 ah "o~Cbj
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考点二 their等物主代词 z/-=%g >HA
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1.物主代词是常见的名词限定词, 其后既可接可数名词的单复数(his pen, his pens)又可接不可数名词(his time), 但不可与其他的限定词同时出现(部分数词除外),例如:不能说no my car, my no car,但是可以说 My two red cars 6k%f
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2.英语中许多习惯用法在表示特指时都用物主代词而不用the, 为的是更突出所属关系,这在TOEFL中是一个常考的点 >4TO=i
例如:Manufacutrers of consumer goods often change the styles of their products. `5*}p#G
这里用their 而不用 the rq{$,/6.
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例题: \fOEqe*5SM
(1) \z$= K
A good exercise program helps teach people to avoid the habits that might shorten )%TmAaj9d
A B C
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the lives. UMi~14& ;
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答案: D 3]hWfj1m2
应改为: their ?6!LL5a.
解释: 定冠词the指代不清, 用物主代词their作名词lives的限定语更符合英语习惯, 还可突出lives 与people之间的所属关系 +`4A$#$+y
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(2) ib m4fa
A liquid is similar to a gas because has molecules are not fixed to each other in any hH.G#-JO
A B C sW$XH1Uf#
specific way. y_,bu^+*
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答案: B 9WHddDA
应改为: its K3C <{#r
解释: has是动词, 不能修饰名词, 且与从句的谓语冲突, 依句意改为物主代词its作molecules的限定语 al0L&z\
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考点三 只接复数名词的限定词 reVgqYp{{-
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a (large /small /great /considerable /remarkable) number of, a variety of, a set of, a few, 等表示数的固定词组之后总是接复数名词 sLFl!jX
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例题: 2c}E(8e]
(1) <3iMRe
In mathematical terms, modern algebra is set of objects with rules for connecting or
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A B C QJNFA}*>
relating those objects. $kgVa^
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答案: B R+| h w;
应改为: is a set ax2B ]L2
解释: a set of是固定词组, 表示一套、一组, 后面接可数名词的复数, 与题中objects吻合 =sFTxd_"iQ
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(2) Ymgw-NJ;(
At birth, an infant exhibits a remarkable number of motor response. ,Q,^3*HX9}
A B C D
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答案: D ~
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应改为: responses x"(KBEK~
解释: 短语a number of 后面要求接可数名词的复数, number前可加某些形容词如great, considerable, remarkable, small 等表示a lot of 或 a few =xrv~
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注意 “the number of” 和 “a number of”的区别 tDo"K3
The number of boys in Class Five is 25. (五班男孩的数目是25, 后面谓语动词用单数) 7rA;3?p)
A small number of families are able to afford an apartment. (少数家庭能够买得起一套住房, ) y]imZ4{/
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第三节 冠词作限定词 fh{`Mz,o
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冠词是一个虚词,本身不能够独立使用, 必须和一个名词连用。TOEFL出题主要集中在a和an的区别,那些地方要加the那些地方不加。 $N\Ja*g
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考点一 不定冠词a / an /> Nt[o[r
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不定冠词a和an后面当然接单数,a和an 的主要区别是:
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a 用于以辅音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: a tower, a university Ug`
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an用于以元音开头的名词前(指发音而不是拼写), 如: an orange, an hour :!/8Hv
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不定冠词a / an与可数名词单数连用, 表示泛指 “一个”、 “某一个”, 有时还可代表一类人或事物. 在作表语或同位语的可数名词单数前一般都要加不定冠词(除非名词前已有物主代词作限定语, 如my pen). w:l
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例题: m3ff;,
(1) Mq
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How Native Americans developed corn is a puzzling, for no wild corn has ever ]HdCt 3X
A B C >{Tm##@,k
been discovered, and it grows only where people plant and tend it. 0g\(+Qg^
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答案: B有错 !-Y3V"
应改为: puzzle. MPk5^ua:
解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, puzzling是分词, 不能单独与a 连用, 故改为名 词puzzle }`"6aM
(2) {e5= &A
Whether a healthy adult tends to feel hungry two, three, or four times a daily is a 4 OX^(
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question of physiology and of culture. 'RRE|L,
答案: D有错 z] Ue|%K
应改为: day d[35d J7F
解释: 不定冠词a应与可数名词单数连用, 而daily是形容词, 不能单独与a连用, 故改为 名词day iX\X>W$P
(3) %IRi1EmN8
Pewter, a metal with an ancient heritage, is still practical medium for the 4&f3%eTi
A B C m`_ONm'T&
nonprofessional metal worker. :@)>r9N
D Q&V;(L62!
答案: C _y>~
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应改为: still a practical _y3Xb`0a
解释: medium是可数名词, 在句中作表语, 其单数之前应该用不定冠词 .6V}3q$-@
a, an的误用是TOEFL常见的改错题型 qv*^fiT
例题: [mHdG2X
(1) S@Hf
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A emotion is not necessarily aroused by something in the outside world. <o= 8FO
A B C D 4{l,
答案: A f`/x"@~H5
应改为: An emotion OC:T
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解释: emotion是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an pBPl6%C.X-
(2) )tpL#J
If a atom loses any of its electrons, it becomes positively charged and can combine o+9j?|M
A B C Jq^T1_iqn
chemically with other atoms. *|E[L^
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答案: A _{Hj^}+$
应改为: an atom S@ f9c
解释: atom是元音开头的名词, 前面的冠词应用an Zsh9>]ML
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考点二 定冠词the T"}vAG( .O
定冠词限定名词时主要表示特指,针对TOEFL应注意以下几点: &l[$*<P5V
(1) the和可数名词单数连用,表示一类人或物,如: IyPnp&_
the fern(蕨类), the wallflower 1&o|TT/
(2) 序数词之前必须用the,如: !7&5` q7
the first woman, the nineteenth century -FlzEZ
但前面有物主代词时除外,如 my first baby d&s9t;@=
(3) 形容词最高级之前必须用the(有物主代词时除外),如: z
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the largest city, the most advanced technology M {Q;:
(4) of连接的名词前多用the, 如: U!Z,xx[]
the development of the watch, (/
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(5) 世界上独一无二的东西前应加the, 如: RlDn0s
the globe(地球),the equator(赤道), the moon, the sun L`EBfz\n
在下列情况下,一般不用the: f8.gT49I
(1) 表示人名、地名、国家名等专有名词前, 一般不加,如: MO <3"@/,
Dennis Chavez(人名),Alaska(地名),English(英语), February(二月), America(美国) W1FI mlXS
但是在表示海洋、海峡、江、河、山脉、群岛等专有名词时要加上the !o[7wKrXb
the Great Lakes(美国五大湖), the Changjiang River(长江) Km6YP!i
(2) 无特指的不可数名词前,如: R#8L\1l
algebra(代数学), advertising, accounting(会计学) S+ ^E.
(3) 表示类别的复数名词前,如: \`\ZTZni
Historians believe that…, Amphibians(两栖动物) hatch from…
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(4) 一些固定词组中,如: }:*]aL<7_
in history, in nature, at work, at home , go to school, go to bed, in bed \qK&q
乘车的词组: W#C*5@ 8
by train(乘火车), by car (乘汽车), by bicycle(骑脚踏车), by bus (乘公共汽车), ,V:SN~P66+
by land(由陆路), by sea (由海路), by water (由水路) , by air (通过航空) X=8{$:
on foot (步行), by plane(乘飞机), by ship (乘船), 5=?\1`e1[
打球的词组: WYYa/,{9.
play tennis, play baseball, play basketball c+nq] xOs'
注意:表示职位的词之前的冠词有无均可, 如:He was elected (the) chairman of the committee. 5vZ^0yFQ
例题: ce3YCflt
(D) w+E,INdi
Historically, ---- chief material for making furniture has been wood, but metal and stone have also been used. jc f #6
(A) it was the K$_0`>[
(B) that the
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(C) there was a |:<f-j7t~
(D) the X;c'[q
答案:D >!1.
解释:空格后是主谓句,A、C可先排除,B使原句只有从句没有主句,只剩下D可选,D是定冠词作名词material的限定词,表特指 J@Q7p}
(2) )i^<r ;_z
The Yukon River, which flows into the Bering Sea, gives its name to a region of M
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A B zZ323pq
Alaska and a territory of the Canada. 1gy.8i
C D R1GEh&U{
答案:D doy`C)xI
应改为:of M={V|H0
解释:Canada是国名,属专用名词,之前不能加定冠词 mFaZio0GK
(3) B1C-J/J
The development of professional sports in the United States dates back to cH?B[S;]
A B C YLv'43PL
nineteenth century. ?fjuh}Q5h
D Zk"eA'"\
答案:D ?>rW>U6:P
应改为:to the nineteenth /+;h)3PN6
解释:nineteenth是序数词,之前应加the QYjsDL><
第四节 不可数名词 i?g5_HI
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英文中常把抽象名词和物质名词视为不可数名词, 而其划分的标准往往与汉语的习惯不同, 因此是学习英文的一个难点, 也是TOEFL中常出现的题型 t@N=
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抽象名词如: ua]o6GlO
(不可触及的东西,表示动作、状态、品质、感情等)如: DN~nk
news(新闻), information(信息), population(人口), V(6Z3g
English(英语), music(音乐), management(管理), &c:Ad%
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enthusiasm(热情) work(工作), happiness(高兴) DB:+E|vSD
还有表达学科类的名词如: /!$c/QZ
physics物理, politics政治学, mathematics数学, 7=WT69,&
mechanics力学, statistics(统计学) bioloby(生物学) qA$*YIlK
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物质名词如: hKjt'N:~ZY
equipment(装备), chalk(粉笔), glass(玻璃), TAF
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grass(草), jewelry(珠宝) wood(木头) 7cO n9fIE
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考点一 与可数名词的显著区别 k"]dK,,
1. 不可数名词没有复数形式, 其数的表示必须通过 “数词+量词+of+不可数名词” 的结构或一些特定的限定词, R_7 d@FQ1
如:a sheet of steel(一片钢), a piece of furniture(一件家具), ;u(<h?%e
two pieces of work(两份工作) an item of news(一条新闻) D-(w_$#
2. 不可数名词不能直接出现在不定冠词a, an之后 Z1Z1@2 T
不能够说:an advice(一个建议) ,而应该说 a piece of advice oMTf"0EIW
3. 当表示一类事物时, 可数名词可以通过加a, an、加复数、或加定冠词the等方式, :^x?2%
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而可数名词一般直接用原形表示种类 Dzs[GAQ]
例题: +0q>fp_K(+
(1) mB9r3[
Historians believe that some forms of an advertising must be as old as barter and 78OIUNm`
A B C D WjwLM2<nK7
trade. me ks
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答案:C sHl>$Qevz
应改为:advertising UHx
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解释:advertising是不可数名词,不能加冠词 @kU@N?5e
词汇:barter: 实物交易 xz{IH,?IG
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考点二 限定词 <_Q:'cx'
不可数名词的限定词和不可数名词原形连用, 下面这些限定词后面一定跟不可数名词: MxcFvo*LCp
much, a large amount of, a great deal of, a wealth of(大量的、丰富的) _(
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little /a little /less /least, a piece /sheet /slice /bar of, 属不可数名词专用 7C2&NyWJ
例题: ^=SD9V
(1) deixy.
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Because they are generally taken simply to obtain a recognizable and relatively clear %ck]S!}6
A B C 'X!?vK^]p
image, most nonprofessional photographs demand few equipment. k{$ ao
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答案:D @b~fIW_3>
应改为:little. ,b;{emX h
解释:equipment是不可数名词, 不能用few修饰, 应改为和其对应的little 3lq Mucr
(2) u% n*gcY
Data received from two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidence that huge Io|Aj
A B ;h" P{fF
thunderstorms are now occurring around the equator of the planet Saturn. >ap1"n9k
C D lP!;3iJ B
答案:B [j:
[
应改为:much evidence I1>N4R-j
解释:many是复数名词的限定词,而evidence是不可数名词,应用much作限定词 $Qy7G{XJ[^
另外一些词(词组)如such, some /any (of), most (of), a lot of, lots of, the rest of, plenty of等既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词。 hy T1xa
例如: {E0z@D)U-
a lot of students , a lot of money PeE/iZ.
the rest of the students, the rest of money %F*|;o7 s
Pansies can be cultivated easily in home gardens, but they require plenty of water and not too much sun. G>+1*\c
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第五节 所有格及of结构 K[7EOXLy
I;?X f
考点一 词尾加 's或 ' 的所有格 fn/7wO$!
所谓名词所有格即表示名词之间所有关系的特殊结构, 其最普通的形式为: n. +'s, kY&h~Q
如: my mother's coat, the headmaster's home, the president's office X
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如果原词结尾已有s, 则只要加 ' , C}*cx$
.
如: the students' union, the ladies' room }/,CbKi,+
例题: ,xT?mt}P
(1)
2. X
" f
It is widely believed that the pull of gravity on a falling raindrop changes ----round shape into a teardrop shape. ow' lRHZ
(A) of the drop =_8Tp~j
(B) the drop's Px>va01n
(C) drop of *+b6B_u]
(D) drops their 90Hjx>[
答案: (B) oiX"Lz{
解释: 此句包含由that引导的宾语从句, 从句谓语动词changes的宾语不完整, 据选项推知需要一个和round shape 搭配的表所属关系的词组, (B) 恰好构成所有格形式. 若选(A), 语序应为the round shape of the drop; (C) 所属关系颠倒; (D) 结构混乱 T=YzJyQC)
(2) =)OC|?9C\
Over a very lar l**;k+hw
ge number of trials, the probability of an event's ---- is equal to the probability that it will not occur. TjBY
4
(A) occurs Zzl,gy70
(B) will occur rB%$;<`/
(C) can occur 8
%~t
(D) occurring
r
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答案:D 2n`Lg4=
解释:句中已有谓语动词, 's只可能是名词所有格的标志, 后面自然应接名词性的结构, D之外的选项均可一次性排除 ,A5) <}
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考点二 of结构 k,Zm GllQ]
所有格主要用于有生命的个体(人、国家或动物), 那么大多数无生命的物质或抽象概念间的所有关系,或者说凡是不能够加's的名词,都可用of结构构成短语来表示所有关系, 需要注意of前后都是名词(包括代词和动名词) [W,-1.$!dM
如: the title of the passage K$REZe
例如:
$YG1z
(1) ?&l)W~S
James Whistler was indifferent to the titles of his painted and even changed the names ^Dx#7bsDZR
A B C xkA2g
[
of some works years after their completion. $'[q4 wo<
D *,\` o~
答案: C \`,xgC9K
应改为: paintings " B@jfa%
解释: of 之前是名词, 后面也需要一个名词共同构成表示所有关系的结构, 将分词painted改为名词, 这个词组的意思为他的画的题目 g3?U#7i
(2) Nl8 gK{
Muscular motion is caused by the stimulate of specific nerve cells in the brain and *[kx F*^
A B C D 1=Ilej1
spinal cord. /4joC9\AB
答案: B ".2A9]_s
应改为: stimulation DPJh
5d
解释: 定冠词the之后需要名词与of+n.(specific nerve cells)结构搭配表示所属关系, stimulate是动词, 应改为名词形式 hE!7RM+Y
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第六节 名词在句中的作用 <Ns &b.\h6
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考点一 名词(词组)作主语 Xi~9&ed#$i
填空题中经常出现句子中缺少主语的题型, 大多数都需要填入名词或名词短语 WSI
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例题: IG / $!*E
(1) B2hfD-h,>
In 1964 ----of Henry Ossawa Tanner's paintings was shown at the Smithsonian Institution. d]M[C[TOX
(A) was a major collection qiNliJ>40E
(B) that a major collection }h~'AM
(C) a collection was major x9}++r
(D) a major collection ~+m,im8}
答案: (D) pVOI5>f\
解释: 此句主语残缺, 且谓语动词was shown 需与单数主语搭配, 故填入单数名词词组. (A) (C)中的was均与原文中was冲突, 违背了谓语唯一的原则, (B) 使原句变为只有从句无主句 v'nHFC+p
(2) 4
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The begins of the modern chemistry laboratory go back to the workrooms of AA7#c7
A B C D `)tK^[,<W
medieval alchemists.
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答案:A HtzMDGV<
应改为:beginnings. q 22/_nSC
解释:句子的主语应采用名词形式, begins 是动词的第三人称单数形式, 不能置于the之后作主语 deM~[
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考点二 名词(词组)作宾语 +(AwSh !
填空题中有相当一部分缺少动词宾语的题需填入名词或名词短语 =8S}Iat
例题: &PWf:y{R`
(1) X RRJ)}P
In 1961 the entertainer Chubby Checker introduced a ----to New York's rock'n 'roll fans. ` Xqy
(A) new dance, the twist B*Cb6'Q
(B) twist, was the new dance U$$3'n
(C) twist, the new dance that m~Me^yt>}
(D) new dance is the twist g*r/u;
答案: (A) r!M#7FDs(
解释: 谓语动词introduce的宾语不完整, 由空格前的a可肯定应填入名词词组, (B) (D) 都用谓语结构可首先排除, (C) 中的that无法与空格后的部分构成从句, 只有(A) 符合名词作宾语的要求, 其中逗号后是名词作同位语 dMgbW<uAu
(2) Heohe|an
Instructors at the school of American Ballet first examine a young applicant's instep J/gQQ.s
A B T`mEO\f
to see whether it is pliant and shows promising of a good arch. D`fc7m
C D 9!S^^;PN&
答案: D I~'gK8<e7
应改为: promise. Qf~| S9,
解释: 形容词promising不能作动词show的宾语, 需改为名词 <mn-=#)
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考点三 名词(词组)作同位语 %g5jY%dg.r
同位语主要由名词词组充当, 对其前面的名词或代词作补充说明, l^BEFk;
I came from Jiangying, a very beautiful and peaceful town. 9$EHK
例题: 3v G
(1) M;> ha,x
In the nineteenth century, Samuel Gridley Howe founded the Perkins School for the Blind, ----for children in Boston, Massachusetts. (S 3jZ
(A) that institutes &(WE]ziuO
(B) while instituted l4DeX\ly7f
(C) was an institution r8<JX5zyuo
(D) an institute _4~k3%w\`l
答案: (D) i:R!T,
解释: 空白前的句子结构完整, 空格后的结构和宾语的很相似, (D)为名词词组, 构成宾语的同位语 2kC^7ZAwu
(2) }3Df]
Martha Graham, ----, has run her own dance company for half a century. V_ {vZ/0e
(A) is the great modern choreographer ?TRW"%
(B) one of the great modern choreographers M2a}x+5'
(C) that the great modern choreographers IOn`cbV:
(D) the modern choreographers were great R<_mK33hd
答案:B ZyZl\\8U
解释:此句主谓俱全, 空格设在主语和谓语之间, 且两端都有逗号, 推知缺少的是主语的同位语, B是名词词组, 可以胜任;A D中的动词与原句谓语冲突; C 不是完整的同位语从句