改错题常考要点 7%Q?BH7{
一、代词 Mkj`
代词中主要讲解六个问题 1[g -f,
(一) 掌握代词的几种格 ? +q(,P@*
主格、宾格、所有格 $Sx(vq6(
名词前面用代词来修饰,只能用所有格(my books) j^Vr!y
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(二) 反身代词 hT0[O
当主语和宾语表示同一事物时,宾语使用反身代词。 .yF@O
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He killed himself. (他自杀了) 5OR2\h!XZt
He killed him. (他杀了他) ,Hzz:ce
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例:Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating jGSY$nt9
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a series of indicators that could help (\8~W*ej"
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themselves to predict earthquakes. aob+
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分析:D错,应改为them。如果用反身代词themselves,指代对象是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的。从句意来看,help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故应用代词宾格而不是反身代词。注意C并没有错,情态动词could 比can语气弱,表示较小的可能性。 C$+z1z.!
Indicator为征兆,这些征兆帮助他们来预言地震。主语是征兆,后面指研究者,不是同一个事物
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(三) 代词的单复数,代词的性别 9
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在考试中如果代词打横线,代词错误的概率是非常高的,因此代词打横线,应该先看代词有没有错。 $SOFq+-T
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例:The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies j%`%
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that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the 0z
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Pacific. #
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分析:D错,应改为those。D指代复数名词waters, it是单数,显然是错误的,根据习惯故改为those。注意waters一词并没有错,它指江湖河海中的大片水域,可用复数形式。 hjgB[
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Water作为水是不可数名词,waters表示水域,通常使用复数形式,作主语谓语动词用复数。 q21l{R{Y
Work作为工作是不可数名词,work作为作品,可数不可数都可以,例如: }WV}in0
Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品 PrKH{nyJk
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例:In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined X=KC+1e
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the word“normalcy”to express social and ~Jh1$O,9o
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economic conditions they promised the nation. sR4B/1'E
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分析:D错,应改为he。动作promised是由Warren Harding发出来的,故用第三人称单数he来指代。 {[)n<.n[g
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例:Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important NZ"nG<;5
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work is not poetry, but his biography, John v&qL r+_7
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Keats, published the year of her death. b]gVZ-
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分析:C错,应改为her。his指男性,显然是错误的,应改为her与后面的her同指Amy Lowell. }/lyrjV
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(四) Who和which的区别 bq2f?uD-}
which指代事物或者动物,who指代人 TM5 Y(Q*
who/whom son往往要改为whose son, whose可以指代事物
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例:The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who 2?{'(iay
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account for approximately forty percent of the body weight. Z(t7QFd
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分析:B错,应改为which或that。先行词不是指人,而是指物,关系代词不能用who,故改为which或that。 \zcR75
人体前面加定冠词the, account for 占有多大的比例,解释说明 pMJm@f
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(五) that和which的区别 = N;5T
介词后面使用which, 而不用that, in that除外 d'"|Qg_'
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例:When television was first introduced, the extent to that it <F8e?
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would affect society could not have been foreseen. ap8q`a{j^
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分析:B错,应改为which。The extent to which, 介词加which(引导定语从句),影响社会的程度没有被预见 Q:|W/R
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(六) 定语从句的特殊省略 ;?k<L\zaw
Reason后面有定语从句,中间往往省略why, e_|Z&
Time后面有定语从句,中间往往省略when x5CMP%}d
I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world. :G6aO
way后面有定语从句,中间省略了in which |lcp
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例:Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly 7nPcm;Er
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reason people take medicine is to relieve pain. co~NXpqg
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分析:B错,应改为main。mainly为副词,不能个饰后面的名词,故改为形容词main。句子中people take medicine修饰reason,定语从句引导词被省略 s[sv4hq
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例:Commercial expansion from city to suburb has cFt&E