考点四 名词(词组)作定语
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名词修饰名词作定语的现象在英语中也屡见不鲜, 此时前面的名词相当于形容词的作用, 只是依英语习惯决定究竟用名词还是形容词作定语, TOEFL有少量题涉及这一问题 jnp~ACN,
这样的词语有:word order(词序), taxi driver(出租车司机)等 ^x O](,H
例题: >WLX5i&
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Situated in the heart of a grain-farming and livestock-raising region, Abilene, Kansas, O/#3QK
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is a prosperous trading and distribute center. =p.avAuSn
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答案: D JR`$t~0t
应改为: distribution/ distributing. F?2UHcs
解释: 动词distribute不能修饰名词center,可改用名词或分词, 但此题中名词distribution作定语更符合英文习惯 ^?Xs!kJP
(2) 9RlJf=Z#H
Acrylic paint enables artists to experiment with many colors effects. ~`BkCTT
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答案: D ++b[>};
应改为: color *ilh/Hd>
解释: 此处名词color作effects的定语无需用复数, 意为色彩效果 eV}" L:bgJ
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第二章 形容词 tUH?N/qn
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形容词即strong, attractive等描述性的词汇,在句中主要作定语修饰名词,同时还可作表语、宾语补足语等成分 O'98OH+u
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第一节 形容词修饰名词 ?0:]%t18
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形容词最主要的功能就是修饰名词,如:modern art, electric current, great responsibility;这一考点在TOEFL改错题占有相当的比例,几乎每套题都包含一道以上的题目考形容词修饰名词,主要形式是将本应该使用形容词的位置误用为名词、副词等 z0LspRaz
例题: !{+CzUo@
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The human body relies on certainty nutrients for its survival. bj@sci(1?
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答案:C MuMq%uDA"
应改为:certain. `PAQv+EYz
解释:certainty是名词, 意为确定性, 不能修饰名词, 改为形容词certain, 表示某些 Q(-&}cY
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Textile art is known for both its tactile and vision qualities. |*JMPg?zI
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答案:C 36{OE!,i
应改为:visual. ^BLO}9A{P
解释:vision是名词, 不能修饰名词qualities, 要用它的形容词 `w#VYs|k
注意1:大多数形容词既可以做定语也可以做表语, 有少数形容词一般情况下只能做表语, 比较下面两句话: v\dQjQu8m
The man was awake. ynM:]*~K
There was an awake man. (此句错误, awake不能做定语) 7~+Fec`Ut*
这类形容词包括: alone, afraid, alike, alert, aware, alive, ashamed, content, unable =&08s(A
例题: TaSS) n
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Many television newscasters make the public an eyewitness to the news by means GdUsv
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of on-the-spot, alive reports. u-&V