加入VIP 上传考博资料 您的流量 增加流量 考博报班 每日签到
   
主题 : 语法3(未完 )
级别: 中级博友
显示用户信息 
楼主  发表于: 2007-09-22   

语法3(未完 )

第三节 最高级 }.'rhR+  
S2\ ;\?]^~  
考点一 最高级的形式 bW! &n  
一、英文中表示最的概念时,形容词要变为最高级,其形式主要有两种: j%y{d(Q4  
在词尾加-est (单音节形容词), 如:low-lowest, late-latest, lucky-luckiest, fit-fittest; `) cH(Rj  
或在词之前加most (多音节形容词), 如:most important, most sensitive 8kdJtEW3  
少数词最高级形式特殊,如:good(well)-best, bad(ill)-worst, many(much)-most, little-least, etc. d8agM/F*/  
TOEFL经常会出现这样的搭配: most highest, 这是不对的,hightest已经是最高级,前面当然不能在加most. z7AWWr=H  
例题: ZQfPDH=  
(1) 9)W &y i  
The most easiest process for mining gold is panning, which involves using a circular bFajK;  
    A                          B qF `6l(  
dish with a small pocket at the bottom. ~AYleM  
 C          D *-5N0K<kQ  
答案:A I-g/ )2  
应改为:easiest. mgVYKZWL-i  
解释:easiest本身已是最高级, most纯属画蛇添足, 应去掉 'n-y*f  
二、没有等级的形容词 7XyCl&Dc:  
有些形容词本身就具有“比….年长”、“ 比…..优越”等含义,因此也就没有比较级和最高级。比如: inferior, superior, senior, anterior。这些形容词往往和to连用,而不和than连用。 ^5Lk}<utw  
有些形容词本身就具备“最、极”的含义,所以就没有最高级和比较级。如: }]mx Kz  
absolute(绝对的), unique(独一无二的), infinite(无限的), round(圆的), right(对的), correct(正确的), wrong(错误的), perfect(完美的),这类形容词往往被称为绝对形容词 Mhti  
例题: VS Dua.  
Geoffrey Chaucer occupies a ---- place in English literature. :yD>Tn;1  
(A) most unique a= j'G]=  
(B) unique 1VM2CgRa  
(C) least unique io+V4m  
(D)very unique $+7uB-KsU  
答案: B _,T 4DS6  
%Rn*oV  
考点二 最高级前的限定词 9|}Pf_5]%[  
(1) 形容级做定语时, 最高级前通常要加定冠词the ,如: sNo8o1Hby  
the most important thing, the biggest elephant .nrllVG%`  
但当最高级前有物主代词时,不需加the, 如: h5@G eYda  
my latest hobby, her most interesting experience mvZ#FF1,J  
(2) 形容词作表语时,最高级前通常不加限定词 (n*:LS=0  
如:She looks happiest whenever you are around. /v+)#[]>  
    Excuse me, but I'm busiest at the moment. ^HJ?k:u  
例题: g5@g_~ g  
(1) /gZyl|kdy  
  Of all the Native Americans in the United States, the Navajos form largest group. I} jgz  
  A  B         C              D 'V]&X.=zC  
答案: D VWE>w|'  
应改为: form the largest |R0f--;  
解释: largest是最高级, 作group的定语, 之前必须加定冠词the ccHf+=  
'*b]$5*p  
考点三 范围词 'f-r 6'_ZX  
伴随最高级出现的往往有表示范围的词或短语,常用of 或among或 in 引导, 表示“在….之中”。 如:of all, in the world, in the country等, 在填空题的题干中包含表示范围的词时,空格处需填最高级 fu^W# "{  
例题:  ;v:(  
(1) IFp%T a  
The Appalachian Trail, extending approximately 2, 020 miles from Maine to ;XurH%Mg  
            A            B        sCFxn  
Georgia, is the longer continuous marked footpath in the world. 2jFuF71  
         C    D QJVbt  
答案:C -r={P _E6  
应改为:longest. GXtK3 YAr  
解释:本句有范围词in the world, 则定冠词the 之后应采用形容词最高级形式 |vI`u[P  
考点四 most的其他用法 $eYL|?P50h  
对于most来讲,除了构成某些词最高级外,most的用法有几点需要注意,经常成为改错题的考点: V\;Xa0  
1.       当most表示大多数时,之前不加the, 并且有两种形式来表示大多数,分别为: N*o{BboK;  
most + 名词,如:most people, most Indian tribes; SO$Af!S:bB  
most + of + 限定词 + 名词或代词,如:most of his paintings,most of us, most of the modern artists \Oe o"|  
2. most有时意思等同于very, 此时most之前用不定冠词,如: %f;dn<m=c  
a most lovely girl, a most impressive proposal C`[<6>&y  
例题: ,CfslhO{j  
(1) 0[MYQl`  
  The most substances expand in volume when they are heated. s@F&N9o h  
   A        B   C     D ~3F'X  
答案:A 7Y5r3a}%  
应改为:Most 'ToE Y3  
解释:most只有在表示形容词最高级作定语时需加定冠词,此句表示“大多数”,没必要加the. @+gr/Pul^  
(2) >h\y1IrAaG  
The most often flour is made from wheat, but it may also be made from the seeds PI9,*rOy  
   A       B              C V`Cy x^P  
 of other cereal plants. DB/~Z  
  D o,6t: ?Z  
答案:A U#jz5<r  
应改为:most. h?mDtMCw2  
解释:the most 一般出现在最高级中, 此句most often为固定说法,意为经常 B9maz"lJ  
词汇:cereal: 谷类的 mUBy*.  
M3 tl4%j  
the end. |oY{TQ<<d  
第三章 副词 !eW1d0n'+f  
Qs&;MW4q  
副词和形容词有着千丝万缕的联系,相当比例的副词都是形容词加后缀-ly构成的,但副词在句中的作用却与形容词有较大区别,需细心领会:副词最主要的功能是作状语,用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、甚至整个句子,这些都是形容词不可替代的作用,但切记在TOEFL题中不可修饰名词 my (@~'  
副词可大致分为时间副词(如:now, then, recently), 地点副词(如:here, upstairs, everywhere), 方式副词(如:carefully, rapidly, happily), 程度副词(如:much, quite, extremely), 疑问副词(如:how, when, where), 承接副词(如:besides, however, therefore)等等 a(gXvgrf[  
副词比较级和最高级的用法基本和形容词相同,形容词比较级的特殊句式同样适用于副词,稍有不同的是副词最高级前的the可用可不用,不用时居多。副词比较级和最高级作为考点的不多,但在题干中多次出现,可留心体会与形容词的区别和联系 GX>8B:]o|  
d?zSwLsl  
第一节 副词修饰动词 yf&g\ke  
pY31qhoZ.  
修饰动词是副词的最主要作用之一,此处动词的含义包括谓语动词、不定式中的动词,被动式或进行时中的分词形式的动词 8y LcTA$T  
例如:You can't possibly arrive there on time. (谓语动词) )UzJ2Pa<+_  
It's inconvenient to contact him directly. (不定式中的动词) L'+bVP{L  
Her composition is frequently referred to as original. (被动式) Nk'<*;e  
改错题中常误用形容词修饰动词,要注意识别 roADC?@r  
例题: [l}H:%O,  
(1) cl& w/OJ#  
In the United States, sleds for recreation were first produced commercial in the )|~K&qn`  
             A        B    C  r h*F  
 1870's or thereabouts. nBy-/BU&  
      D >h7(kj:  
答案:C DbMVbgz<e  
应改为:commercially I9X \@ lTf  
解释:形容词commercial不能修饰谓语动词produce, 需改为副词 <ToS&  
(2) 6. @.k  
According to anthropologists, the earliest ancestors of humans that stood upright resembled chimpanzees ----, with sloping foreheads and protruding brows. V:\:[KcL^  
(A) facially zL"e.  
(B) their faces 'O<b'}-A  
(C) having facial dxeiN#(XT  
(D) they had faces UmR)L!QT8  
答案:A K[T0);hZR  
解释:resemble一词是本句的谓语动词, 已有了宾语chimpanzees, 之后需要的只可能是用来补充说明的非谓语, B、D可先排除; facial是形容词, 不能作have的宾语, 因此C肯定不对; A是副词, 恰好修饰动词作状语 +7.|1x;C  
 be+-p  
第二节 程度副词much等 H:.~! r  
lNX*s E .  
程度副词much, still, far, a little, a bit 的特殊之处在于:可用来修饰比较级,表示加强或减弱程度。 如: I'm much clearer about the situation now. 9D3W_eIc  
She's not a bit more rational than you were. Rw+r1vW:A  
注意:much不能加形容词原形代替比较级 <B6md i'R  
比如想说更有耐心:不能够说much patient, 而应该说more patient; M5I`i{Gw  
同时more也不能替代much修饰比较级, EQyX!  
比如要说低得多:不能说more lower , 而应该说much lower; ~XR ('}5D  
例句:She is far better than me at English. ( 在英语方面她比我好的多) bxE~tsM"@Y  
例题: byM%D$R  
(1) $0V+<  
Watercolors dry more faster than other paints. \(Ma>E4PNU  
   A    B   C    D ?mNB:-Q  
答案:C $%EX~$=m]-  
应改为:much faster Z_ GGH2u  
解释:比较级more不能修饰比较级faster, 应改为程度副词much dA<%4_WZty  
(2) sc*R :"  
Reptiles are widely distributed all over the world, but are much abundant in warm %pVsafV  
        A                 B "](Q2  
  regions and are virtually absent beyond the treeline in the Arctic. lf"w/pb'  
          C     D L&6^(Bn   
答案:B Ou[`)|>  
应改为:more. vA6`};|  
解释:much作为形容词不能修饰另一个形容词, 而作副词时只能修饰形容词比较级, 如much better, much more expensive, 依句意是要将爬行动物在温带地区和寒带地区的分布加以对比, 因此改为比较级more abundant "G%S m")  
(3) 3I 0pHP5  
Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the crust of the Earth, but the nonmetals . ]E(P   
         A          B      C `R0~mx&6G  
oxygen and silicon are more still abundant. B  W*8  
            D 6aB]&WO1@  
考点:程度副词 ^p(aZj3k  
答案:D w6Gez~ 8  
应改为:still more /)[-5n{  
解释:程度副词still修饰比较级more时,应置于其前, gw)z*3]~s  
词汇:crust: 地壳 silicon: 硅 @vq)Y2)r\  
(4) ;?q(8^A  
A goose's neck is a tiny longer than that of a duck and not so gracefully curved as a Tu-lc)  
        A      B          C      D DOu^   
swan's. Rir0^XqG  
考点:程度副词 .4]XR/I$  
答案:A y)KIz  
应改为:little 6n/=n%US  
解释:形容词tiny不能修饰比较级longer, 应改用程度副词a little rOOo42Y W`  
词汇:gracefully: 优雅地, swan: 天鹅
评价一下你浏览此帖子的感受

精彩

感动

搞笑

开心

愤怒

无聊

灌水

  
描述
快速回复

验证问题:
免费考博论坛网址是什么? 正确答案:freekaobo.com
按"Ctrl+Enter"直接提交