主语从句，即在复合句中充当主语成分的句子

主语从句，即在复合句中充当主语成分的句子，例如"That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all"，他在很短的时间内写完作文让我们都很惊讶，此复合句主要描述的是某事让我们惊讶，某事就是该复合句的主语，因此“That he finished writing the composition in such a short time”便是该复合句的主语从句。 #Drs=7w  
引导主语从句的连词主要有： [@fw9@_'  
从属代词：that whether @*
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连接代词：who whoever whom whose what whatever which whichever azF|L"-RP  
连接副词：when where how why `?r]OVe{y  
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主语从句例句图片 yV[9 (  
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中文名：主语从句 $fES06%  
外文名：Subject clause 2[6>h)  
解释：合句中充当主语成分的句子 `B'*ln'r5  
从属代词：that  whether r!:W-Y%&#  
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dot主语从句 E^B*:w3  
定义 29]-s Utqv  
在复合句中充当主语成分的句子叫做主语从句。 erTb9`N4  
第一部分 M0VC -\W7f  
常规主语从句，即句子在复合句中充当一个主语 /)fx(u#  
主语从句是名词性从句，所以它的时态受主句的影响。 GPlAQk   
（1）That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. DY1?37h  
（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. 'NCxVbyYD  
（3）Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet. >`L)E,=/  
（4）Whom we must study for is a question of great importance. 2ED^uc: 0S  
（5）What caused the accident remains unknown. E)
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（6）Whatever you did is right. !9|)v7}  
（7）Who the watch belongs to is unknown. 9 4C)63V  
（8）What we need is time. pgT XyAP{  
（9）What we need are good doctors. y\0<f `v6  
名词性从句的时态规则： R{{d4=:S  
1）、主句谓语动词是现在或将来时，从句谓语动词可以用任何需要的时态。 iC- ?F cA  
　　I wonder what he is doing now. .C=&`;Vs  
　　Do you know when and where he was born? SjgF
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　　I'll write to tell him where I 'll meet him. ]} z ;!D>  
2）、主句谓语动词是过去时，从句谓语动词一般需用过去时。 9`{[J['V  
（1）从句与主句的谓语动作同时发生，从句用一般过去时或过去进行时。 yH_L<n  
　　I thought that he studied hard. G#n99X@-  
　　He told me his son was watching TV. `< 8Fc`;[  
（2）从句谓语动作在主句谓语动作之后，从句用过去将来时。 *;A I0  
　　He said he would spend his holidays in Qingdao. J]uYXsC  
（3）从句谓语动作在主句谓语动作之前，从句用过去完成时。 ~:7AHK2  
　　They told me they had waited for me half an hour.
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（4）从句如果有表示过去某一具体时间的状语，仍用过去时。 tV2SX7N  
　　She told me her brother died in 1945. VuTH"br6  
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　　3)客观的条件，从句时态不受丝毫影响。 BcV;EEi  
（1）从句说明的是不受时间限制的事实或真理（客观真理）。 4f,D3e%T|  
　　The teacher told us that the earth turns from west to east. y$@d%U*rW^  
　　He said Asia is the largest continent. 9_IR%bm  
It was true that water freezes at thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit. A(AyLxB47*  
（2）当从句表示的是反复出现的时态不变。 0@a6r=`el  
　　She told me that she gets up at six o'clock every morning. ll;#4~iA  
　　He asked me when the train usually starts. bu"Jb4_a>  
（3）当从句是用来表达解释科技内容时时态不变。  N3^pFy`  
　　..... }8WpX2U  
　　（4）当从句的谓语动作仍在继续时，或者表示现在仍在的状态时，时态不变。 |E@Gsw  
　　He said that the workers in that factory are trying to fulfill the task in time. J)(H-xvV  
　　She told me the other day that she is only 10. Ne/jvWWN  
（5）当从句的动作状态还未发生，要用一般式表示。强调与现在的联系。 z.23i^Q  
　　He said he will wait for me this evening. dtjaQsJM^  
小结: lD2>`s5  
（1）引导主语从句连词有that,whether,who,what,whatever等 o*/\oVOq  
（2）连词位于句首不能省略 _%l+v
  
（3）主语从句大多数情况下视为第三人称单数，但也有例外，如例（9） (]j*)~=V  
注意：当what引导的名词性分句作主语时，主谓一致问题极为复杂。著名学者周海中教授在论文《关于what-分句作主语的主谓一致问题》中就这一问题做了深入研究，并给出了10种的主谓一致关系。这些一致关系值得英语学习者和使用者特别注意。 Kbx(^f12  
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第二部分 5WP[-J)  
为了防止句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在句首位置，真正主语搁置于句末 G%ycAm  
（1）It is certain that he will win the match. 3f's>+,#%  
（2）It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry. a [s%2>e  
（3）It is very likely that they will hold a meeting. t,N-|  
（4）It is strange that he should do that. m'k` p5[=h  
（5）It is important that we all should attend the meeting. I>
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（6）It is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas. psRm*,*O  
（7）It is a pity that we won't be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation. g^)>-$=  
（8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident. G+[>or
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（9）It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai) &:]_a?|*S  
（10）It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. i[3$Wi$  
（11）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care. 9Lz)SYd  
（12）It happened that the two cheats were there. (=The two cheats happened to be there) 9ciL<'H\  
小结: |BH, H  
（1）为避免头重脚轻，常以形式主语it引导从句。 It+形式主语谓语+从句。 E\m?0]W
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（2）由于主语从句一般被认为是单数形式，形式主语的谓语动词、be动词+表语 均为单数第三人称形式或过去式. JPQ
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dot用法 >;xEzc!W3*  
主语从句与宾语从句两者的用法和在句中的作用是不同的，下面从它们的各自用法来介绍。 Cy6[p  
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一．主语从句 oK5(,8 (4  
主语从句 定义：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句，这个从句就叫做主语从句。 'Iyk`=R  
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 Qg6m  
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 0SKt8pL`  
①主语从句常用it作形式主语，一般常用句型为：It is+{名词/形容词/过去分词}+主语从句例如： w5n>hz_5  
It is still a question whether she will come or not. k})9(Sy~  
It is strange that you should like him. $Uewv +  
It is still unknown which team will win the match. g1zqh,  
另外，还有一些比较多见的结构： ixKQh};5/  
It turned out that……; &u=FLp5  
It has been proved that……; `SW`d<+L  
It happened/occurred that……; H50nR$$<*Y  
It is well-known that……等等 _4E+7+  
②而强调句则不同，它的结构是：It+be+被强调部分+that+从句 ae!_u \$  
强调主语：It is the times that produce their heroes.时势造英雄 H~V=TEj  
强调宾语：It is English that Prof.Lin teaches us. cuKgO{.GH  
强调状语：It was in shanghai that I saw the film. ?q,x?`|(8  
判断是否是强调句有一个方法，就是将that以后的“句子的其余部分”拿出来单独看，看有没有缺成分，缺的是什么成分，再把谓语动词后面that前面的那部分，带到你认为缺成分的地方，如果放进去是一句完整的句子了，那就说明是强调句。 LoCxoAg  
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 ~{NDtB)  
(1) It is +名词+that从句 czZ-C +}%  
It is a fact that … 事实是…… *n[Fl  
It is an honor that …非常荣幸 R>0ta
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It is common knowledge that …是常识 @K+u+} R  
(2) it is +形容词+that从句 fV5#k@,")  
It is natural that… 很自然…… #F{|G:\@[  
It is strange that… 奇怪的是…… 3=K-+dhk|t  
(3) it +不及物动词+that从句 G:
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It seems that… 似乎…… 1Gqtd^*;  
It happened that… 碰巧…… zYs? w=  
(4) it is+过去分词+that从句 4%6Q+LS']Q  
It is reported that… 据报道…… {M EU|9@ Y  
It has been proved that… 已证实…… q{5Vq_s\  
3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 }`g*pp*  
(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 :m~lgb<  
(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： .s9Iymz  
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. ]E3g8?L  
(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： 23fAc"@ B  
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. G^OSXf5  
(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如： w##Fpv<m  
It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.. tvH)I px  
(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如： *>#cs#)  
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? |% kK?!e+-  
4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 s1FBz)yCY=  
What 引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如： ~iSW^mi  
What you said yesterday is right. j)0R*_-B[  
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二：宾语从句用以区分主语从句的几个特征： p?h;Sv/  
1、引导词：what\which\whose\when\whether\if\where e8#3Y+Tc  
2语序：宾语从句必须是用陈述语句。（名词性从句都是陈述语序） `fRy"44nR  
如：I think that you must work harder. ;wF|.^_2  
宾语从句的引导词、连接词的区别、否定转移等现象。 (l,o UBRr  
补充：从句的语序永远是陈述句。 lyPXlt