图表及图表类型 Swv
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1、图表:chart, graph, diagram gZ(\/m8Z
2、各类图表: t-FrF </0
表格:table; f+Bv8 g
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; AQ-R^kT
饼形图:piechart; e<{Ani0
线形图:linechart 或curve chart )=h+5Z>E1
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 K?wo AuY
1、“数字数据”相关 %Y].i/".;P
(1) the number of sth. XQ k,xQ
(2) data, statistics, figures CIt@xi#I
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion grCz@i
(4) around, over, appropriately [{-;cpM\
2、表达“上升” M[dJQ(
(1)常见词汇 ;x=0+0JD
increase → (名词形式increase ) JLxAk14lc
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) 9r,7>#IF
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) y}lqF8s
go up #.W<[KZf
注意以下短语数量上的区别: AtlUxFX0S
increase by +数字上升到... 20RI S j
increase to +数字上升了...
jUX0sRDk
reach to +数字达到... QK/~lN
(2)其他词汇 I.}E#f/A'
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 1A\N$9Dls
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 +dSO?
Y]
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 w97%5[-T
(3) 地道表达 ;l=ZW
double, triple 8d"Ff
3、表达“下降” Wi{ jC?2Q
(1) 常见词汇 (\N
Z)Ys
decrease (名词形式decrease ) *5|q_K
Pt
drop (名词形式drop) -|A`+1-R+
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) z7g=L@
decline (名词形式decline ) loFApBD=$^
go down ify}xv
(2)其他词汇 `Kq4z62V
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 LL^WeD_Y
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 [kyIF\0
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 $UGX vCR
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 `8D}\w<eI
4、表达“波动” z8\z`#g!
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) \bPSy0
go up and down Wc
q
UF"A
rise and fall }grel5lq
5、表达“保持平稳” 7$u}uv`j
remain stable (或 remain constant) `suEN@
^
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) {
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▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) U^.kp#x#
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 dGY:?mf&
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable 0<C]9[l
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 ~dc~<hK
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady sV`!4
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▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” !m<v@SmL\
1、v. + adv. \=NS@_t,
decline slowly osdl dS
grow dramatically VHihC]ks,
fluctuate sharply M6o"|\
2、 adj. + n. \x9.[?;=e
a slow decline -)LiL
a dramatic growth 1r LK1X
a sharp fluctuation Ufr,6
IX
a slight increase }lP'bu
a significant increase rCp'O\@S
3、 on a +adj.+ n 6(0ME$
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: #l?E2
U4WL
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. }@H(z
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. a*(,ydF|L