图表及图表类型 [3nWxFz$R
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram N!3Tg564j
2、各类图表: o.0tD
表格:table; `?3f76}h
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; %<(d%&~
饼形图:piechart; n-l_PhPQ`
线形图:linechart 或curve chart $/IFSB9
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 %N fpEo
1、“数字数据”相关 4\
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(1) the number of sth. p^<(.+P4
(2) data, statistics, figures P
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(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion _avf%OS
(4) around, over, appropriately \WE&5
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2、表达“上升” pa+'0Y]71
(1)常见词汇 "YgpgW
increase → (名词形式increase ) ka\{?:r,8
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) 3J
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grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) j7kX"nz
go up Nn FR;
注意以下短语数量上的区别:
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increase by +数字上升到... k!0O[U
increase to +数字上升了... nco.j:
reach to +数字达到... 4i)5=H
(2)其他词汇 A%W]XEa<
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 :QGo
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leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 ;98b SR/
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 TsK!36
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(3) 地道表达 iv *$!\Cd
double, triple .F 6US<]
3、表达“下降” K!&W} _@l
(1) 常见词汇 Gd%i?(U,R
decrease (名词形式decrease ) xyk%
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drop (名词形式drop) [:cD
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) KQNQ<OE4
decline (名词形式decline ) s;OGb{H7
go down .))jR:{3
(2)其他词汇 5:IDl1f5
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 $45|^.b
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 72OqXa*
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 Qy" Jt ]O
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 Unb2D4&'
4、表达“波动” +Pl)E5W!=`
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) bQautRW
go up and down '/u|32
rise and fall 6
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5、表达“保持平稳” /=p[k^A
remain stable (或 remain constant) U_*,XLU
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) -4Hb]#*2
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) TxPFl7,r
1、变化快、剧烈、明显
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dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable RlL]p
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2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 |iHMAo
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady !ddyJJ^a
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” L=#NUNiXr
1、v. + adv. h_(M#gG
decline slowly MMFg{8
grow dramatically X=#us7W}
fluctuate sharply qqw P4ceG
2、 adj. + n. 'w=|uE {^
a slow decline Z
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a dramatic growth Csuasi3]1d
a sharp fluctuation 5\pS8<RJ;
a slight increase ~QbHp|g
a significant increase a5#G48'X
3、 on a +adj.+ n @~$d4K
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例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: ndLEIqOY
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. |,,#DSe
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. :o!Kz`J