图表及图表类型 DYlvxF`
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram xGf
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2、各类图表: JGcD{RU|
表格:table; 6 1W/BU7O
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; VONAw3k7!
饼形图:piechart;
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线形图:linechart 或curve chart UZP6x2:=
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 liqR#<
1、“数字数据”相关 qQOD
(1) the number of sth. ,|X+/|gm
(2) data, statistics, figures 6@q[tN7_^
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion ]<T8ZA_Y;
(4) around, over, appropriately (\t_Hs::a
2、表达“上升” PCPf*G>
(1)常见词汇 2l@"p!ar=
increase → (名词形式increase ) @f{_=~+
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) vA"niO
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) H [Lt%:r
go up ydND$@; Z
注意以下短语数量上的区别: =6L*!JP<
increase by +数字上升到... pzq;vMr
increase to +数字上升了... -,Q $
reach to +数字达到... Y^6[[vaj2
(2)其他词汇 Q"|kW[Sg
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 >u5g?yzw
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 <s/<b*T
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rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 FU\/JF.j
(3) 地道表达 8b 8\
double, triple wfDp,T
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3、表达“下降” ~J1;tZS
(1) 常见词汇 8nIM
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decrease (名词形式decrease ) Ty3CBR{6
drop (名词形式drop) Y:%m;b$]
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) |,;twj[?4
decline (名词形式decline ) m
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go down N&fW9s}
(2)其他词汇 RQ^m6)BTo
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 j?\$G.Y
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 jj!N39f
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 BFMS*t`
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 t/KcXM
4、表达“波动” d&[iEU
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) @sw9A
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go up and down _BG8/"h32
rise and fall 7~wFU*P1
5、表达“保持平稳” 5^i.;>(b
remain stable (或 remain constant) `]`=]*d
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) =U4f}W;
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) 5LQk8NPh
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 FZe:co8Mu
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable i`[#W(m
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 J| SwQE~
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady |7 &|>
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” (M ]XNn
1、v. + adv. K;oV"KRK
decline slowly Hf VHI1f
grow dramatically )]%e
fluctuate sharply tg~A}1o`0
2、 adj. + n. j~Q}F |i8
a slow decline vO\:vp4fH
a dramatic growth :?HSZocf
a sharp fluctuation !*&4<
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a slight increase wJ6_I$>
a significant increase N99[.mErU
3、 on a +adj.+ n SOVjEo4'3
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: c$9sF@K?
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. &=G)NeT_
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. jDR')ascn