图表及图表类型 GZNN2
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1、图表:chart, graph, diagram 4OpzGZ4+
2、各类图表: v^8sL` F
表格:table; EG\;l9T
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; WKlyOK=}
饼形图:piechart; k%i.B
线形图:linechart 或curve chart UU MB"3e
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 Zis,%XY
1、“数字数据”相关 t'@mUX:-A
(1) the number of sth. ,f$P[c
(2) data, statistics, figures >(S)aug$1
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion o,dp{+({
(4) around, over, appropriately jqc}mI\#
2、表达“上升” \&;y:4&l8
(1)常见词汇 A@)Q-V8*9s
increase → (名词形式increase ) 1ruI++P
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) -ZZJk-::
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) ,.cR @5qI
go up <TtPwUX
注意以下短语数量上的区别: cr{yy :D
increase by +数字上升到... sA|SOAn
increase to +数字上升了... Pg(Y}Tu
reach to +数字达到... $) "\N
(2)其他词汇 A+* lV*@0
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 Sl,DZ!
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 ?%hd3zc+f
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 O0L]xr
(3) 地道表达 "I/05k K
double, triple %"A8Af**I
3、表达“下降” N wk
(1) 常见词汇 [
+dCA
decrease (名词形式decrease ) mnK<5KLg1
drop (名词形式drop) -(:T&rfTp
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) _.; PLq~0
decline (名词形式decline ) #&Tm%CvB
go down xz!0BG
(2)其他词汇 +?U[362>
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 P(k*SB|D
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 X1.-C@o
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 n
~ad#iN
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 [S,$E6&j$"
4、表达“波动” pS+w4gW
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) qP#LJPaS
go up and down ,FzkGB#
rise and fall XYWyxx5`
5、表达“保持平稳” by
@q g:
remain stable (或 remain constant) mc?IM(t
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) _D{A`z
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) U,i_}O3Q
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 I#(lxlp"Ho
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable !VWA4 e!+
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 . J O3#
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady tJ;qZyy(
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” (2H
GV+Dg
1、v. + adv. yk?bz
decline slowly aJ(/r.1G
grow dramatically J"AR3b@,$?
fluctuate sharply c%pf,sm'
2、 adj. + n. Bp7p X
a slow decline USyc D`
a dramatic growth p\=T
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a sharp fluctuation $f3 IO#
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a slight increase G%bv<_R
a significant increase akyMW7'3V<
3、 on a +adj.+ n ]`$yY5 &W0
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: 5wV J.B~s
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. pL{oVk#,
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. Qz|T0\=V