图表及图表类型 N!{waPbPi
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram yUyx&Y/
2、各类图表: CJ~gE"
表格:table; ~jpdDV&u\
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; 7 {n>0@_
饼形图:piechart; k"L?("~
线形图:linechart 或curve chart 2H
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▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 'QP~uK
1、“数字数据”相关 f]*TIYicc
(1) the number of sth. C-TATH%f^
(2) data, statistics, figures s?,\aSsU@
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion
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(4) around, over, appropriately "Yy)&zKr
2、表达“上升” H6vO}pq)r
(1)常见词汇 rHMr8,J;
increase → (名词形式increase ) "%?$BoJR0
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) K]Rb~+a<
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) 7_^JgA|Kk7
go up ~snYf7
注意以下短语数量上的区别: AB0>|.
increase by +数字上升到... 'k1vV
increase to +数字上升了... lI&5.,2MP
reach to +数字达到... @@QB,VS;{<
(2)其他词汇 U~l.%mui
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 9N*
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leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 =kiDW6
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rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 Tz<@k
(3) 地道表达 j}F;Bfq!
double, triple )N}.n2Y8W
3、表达“下降” 0V!@*Z
(1) 常见词汇 i[r>^U8O
decrease (名词形式decrease ) yM`QVO!;
drop (名词形式drop) }Lc8tj<
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) R GC DC*\
decline (名词形式decline ) ;]A:(HSZj
go down & Do|Hw
(2)其他词汇 mO0a: i!
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 NB)$l2<d
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 1_MaaA;ow"
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 zLS=>iLD{
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 f`Wces=5
4、表达“波动” QKt+Orz
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) &C&?kS(
go up and down ^oH!FN`;{
rise and fall %YV3-W8S0
5、表达“保持平稳” 97-=Vb
remain stable (或 remain constant) &br_opNi
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) ]<<+#Rg
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) E*]%@6tH
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 -5.~POO
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable r]yI5 ;
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 Y V#|qb
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady l>{+X )
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” qytH<UB
1、v. + adv. T*v@hbJ
decline slowly 8B"my\
grow dramatically |\] _u 3
fluctuate sharply /Zm5fw9
2、 adj. + n. ^eHf'^Cvvu
a slow decline e_z"<yq
a dramatic growth ` 8OA:4).
a sharp fluctuation q@8j[15
a slight increase &XH{,fv$
a significant increase ]xf|xs
3、 on a +adj.+ n ~G#^kNme
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: w7Y>B`wm?
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. 2}HS`) /
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. mIUpAOC`"Z