图表及图表类型 4sRM"w;
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram DQ(0
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2、各类图表: O}>@G
表格:table; D&i\dgbK
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; "4\k1H"_
饼形图:piechart; d
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线形图:linechart 或curve chart ugN t7P,^
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 3m=
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1、“数字数据”相关 $33E-^
(1) the number of sth. qCg<g
(2) data, statistics, figures R\|,GZ!`+
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion Vm|KL3}NRv
(4) around, over, appropriately hs[x\:})/
2、表达“上升” Lo3N)~5
(1)常见词汇
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increase → (名词形式increase ) Kf1J;*i|\
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) OKAU*}_
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) f[1cN`|z
go up o
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注意以下短语数量上的区别: X8VBs#tLE
increase by +数字上升到... )O" E#%
increase to +数字上升了... T[ZmD{6l
reach to +数字达到... B
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(2)其他词汇 W?5')
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 Vf;&z$D{r
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 RqgN<&g?
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 r5DRF4,7
(3) 地道表达 ?D6uviQg
double, triple Ww,\s5Uw
3、表达“下降” .26mB
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(1) 常见词汇 hE|P|0U,n
decrease (名词形式decrease ) =..Bh8P71!
drop (名词形式drop) ^K;k4oK
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) Jqj!k*=/
decline (名词形式decline ) i'm<{v
go down &]DB-t#\
(2)其他词汇 [3jJQ3O,
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 !l9{R8m>eJ
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 ^O18\a
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 T&lgWOls
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 =vbG'_[7
4、表达“波动” j|t=%*
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) }T@=I&g;
go up and down
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rise and fall A`n>9|R
5、表达“保持平稳” E+aePo U
remain stable (或 remain constant) lI<jYd
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level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) oX|T&"&
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) wtw=RA
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 'XK 'T\m
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable (xHmucmwp
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 i"h\*B=
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady ./#YUIC
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词”
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1、v. + adv. aKDY_D
decline slowly aV\i3\da
grow dramatically Ymz/:
fluctuate sharply QTy=VLk43
2、 adj. + n. 6:zPWJB
a slow decline XQo\27Fo
a dramatic growth C?\(?%B
a sharp fluctuation i#'K7XM2
a slight increase ], lLDUZ\
a significant increase `
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3、 on a +adj.+ n rtj/&>
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: ui%#f1Iq
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. TxJk.c
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. z@,pT"rb