图表及图表类型 }k0_5S
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram 0sqFF[i
2、各类图表: sK{e*[I>W
表格:table; \m,PA'nd/
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; _#niyW+?~
饼形图:piechart; s1rCpzK0
线形图:linechart 或curve chart y
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▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 ]lbuy7xj63
1、“数字数据”相关 8mMQ[#0:}
(1) the number of sth. 7r!x1
(2) data, statistics, figures )UR7i8]!0
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion WY/}1X9.%
(4) around, over, appropriately fl(wV.Je|
2、表达“上升” TxD#9]Q`
(1)常见词汇 vQCy\Gi
increase → (名词形式increase ) /7kC<
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) ]/Pn
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grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) Tbq;h?D
go up DUS6SO
注意以下短语数量上的区别: Sc0w.5m6
increase by +数字上升到... DVA:C
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increase to +数字上升了... $i&zex{\
reach to +数字达到... Y7|EIAU5Y
(2)其他词汇 L,\
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climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 g#bRT*,L
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 s<Ziegmw|g
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 7dWS
(3) 地道表达 Tk
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double, triple 6m93puY`7
3、表达“下降” LV Ge]
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(1) 常见词汇 .A|udZ,
decrease (名词形式decrease ) qGo.WZ$
drop (名词形式drop) :;}P*T*PU
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) la!~\wpa
decline (名词形式decline ) FPz9N@M%Q
go down tmq OJ
(2)其他词汇 #mdc [.
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 [n@]
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plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 [txE .7p
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 q9"96({\@
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 Q
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4、表达“波动” ?uu*L6
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) Nn6%9PX_)
go up and down :#Wd~~d
rise and fall 6nn*]|7
5、表达“保持平稳” dtDFoETz
remain stable (或 remain constant) m67V_s,7B
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) hrk r'3lv
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) z{q`G wW
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 UMi~14& ;
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable @7}W=HB
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 *~`(RV
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady Wwo0%<2y
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” 6Wn1{v0
1、v. + adv. @ Qe0! (_=
decline slowly :RYTL'hes
grow dramatically _1^'(5f$
fluctuate sharply z:O8Ls^\T
2、 adj. + n. qs6aB0ln
a slow decline 4i bc
a dramatic growth 1C.VnzRnJ
a sharp fluctuation A&{Nh` q
a slight increase a*;b^Ze`v
a significant increase 1YA% -~
3、 on a +adj.+ n & kIFcd@
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: 6*?F @D2&
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. 6@o*xK7L
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. 0x7'^Z>-oe