图表及图表类型 Er
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1、图表:chart, graph, diagram GEf=A.WAfw
2、各类图表: 7R:Ij[dV
表格:table; M NwY
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; ?i#x13
饼形图:piechart; S8/~'<out
线形图:linechart 或curve chart SQ[D2v
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 {zm8`
1、“数字数据”相关 N'EZJoH
(1) the number of sth. !fn%Q'S
(2) data, statistics, figures !10/M
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion K\U`gTGc
(4) around, over, appropriately g&2g>]
2、表达“上升” U; m@
(1)常见词汇 zytN leyc
increase → (名词形式increase ) Ah7"qv'L\
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) @hg[v`~
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) Lr*PbjQDIY
go up $#D#ezvxe
注意以下短语数量上的区别: '{
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increase by +数字上升到... %pjeA[-m#
increase to +数字上升了... #
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reach to +数字达到... g*oX`K.
(2)其他词汇 E<3xv;v8r
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 IW<rmP=R&
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 EEZ~Bs}d
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 o}KVT%}
(3) 地道表达 @Drl5C}+
double, triple 8ly)G
3、表达“下降” fG>3g
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(1) 常见词汇 "QXnE^
decrease (名词形式decrease ) hizM}d-"C
drop (名词形式drop) ]FVJQS2h
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) (n B[aM
decline (名词形式decline ) +?"F=.SZ
go down AH'c:w]~
(2)其他词汇 w"
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plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 %zGv+H?
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 xOShO"4Z
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 c;q=$MO`
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 l([aKm#
4、表达“波动” &\6},JN
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) L)U*dY
go up and down BrSvkce
rise and fall S"G(_%
5、表达“保持平稳” xf;>o$oN0P
remain stable (或 remain constant) LRu*%3xx
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) ;[
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▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) Yn [
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1、变化快、剧烈、明显 }Em{?Hqy
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable Ddq*}Pf0K
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 7:LEf"vRZ
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady D%3$"4M7!
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” e{87n>+,
1、v. + adv. .+XK>jl+
decline slowly '/UT0{2;rS
grow dramatically QpQ 2hNf
fluctuate sharply GO2q"a
2、 adj. + n.
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a slow decline Hl%Og$q3
a dramatic growth E-X
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a sharp fluctuation 5>%^"f
a slight increase :^`j:B
a significant increase c3l(,5DtH
3、 on a +adj.+ n \i,H1a
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: k?Hi_;o
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. Ws3z-U>j
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. QChWy`x