图表及图表类型 5f K_Aq{
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram Zw
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2、各类图表: fdi\hg^x
表格:table; HJ[c M6$2
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; rlSeu5X6
饼形图:piechart; ['tY4$L(
线形图:linechart 或curve chart w;:*P
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 h_,i&d@(
1、“数字数据”相关 r1{@Ucw2
(1) the number of sth. ag;pN*z
(2) data, statistics, figures 9`X\6s
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion >rmqBDKaQ
(4) around, over, appropriately 6Vnsi%{
2、表达“上升” a:OQGhc=
(1)常见词汇 U@)eTHv}6
increase → (名词形式increase ) `*N[jm"
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) (Y? gn)*t
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) j[G
go up Em
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注意以下短语数量上的区别: |tMWCA
increase by +数字上升到... h-K_Lr]
increase to +数字上升了... ~#[yJNYQ
reach to +数字达到... hPkWCoQpq
(2)其他词汇 ub#a`
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升
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leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 IT7wT+
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 o!Ieb
(3) 地道表达 l<LP&
double, triple r|fL&dtr
3、表达“下降” _~J
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(1) 常见词汇 ^?7-r6
decrease (名词形式decrease )
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drop (名词形式drop) 5z8d}
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fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) P%:wAYz1^O
decline (名词形式decline ) HU8900k+
go down p{Yv3dNl
(2)其他词汇 Vvn2 Ep
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 y^,1a
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plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 $m%fwB
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 iohop(LZ
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 9Zt`u,;
4、表达“波动” :Ij{s
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) tqvN0vY5
go up and down J6s`'gFns
rise and fall Ustv{:7v
5、表达“保持平稳” q77;ZPfs8
remain stable (或 remain constant) +,TRfP
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level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) ?wiCQ6*$
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) HZzD VCU
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 j ^j1
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable qPX~@^`9
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 G7`ko1-
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady hLd^ agX
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” L3u&/Tn2
1、v. + adv. <ktrPlNuM
decline slowly xjuN-
grow dramatically ]_mb7X>
fluctuate sharply |C;=-|
2、 adj. + n. (Ft+uuG
a slow decline o]J{{M'E
a dramatic growth jH5
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a sharp fluctuation ?mwt~_s9
a slight increase -j#2}[J7
a significant increase q 6:dy
3、 on a +adj.+ n \+oQd=K@
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: r_)' Ps
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. %B2'~|g
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. {k>&?Vd!