图表及图表类型 -| m3=#
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram c}qpmW F
2、各类图表: QLO;D)fC
表格:table; r/!,((Z\
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; <x^$Fu
饼形图:piechart; fAULuF
线形图:linechart 或curve chart j;-Wf6h{
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 0#J~@1Gf
1、“数字数据”相关 p<r<Y%
(1) the number of sth. Jj
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(2) data, statistics, figures CXrOb+
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion G7 UUx+ X
(4) around, over, appropriately YP02/*'
2、表达“上升” DA
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(1)常见词汇 ; CCg]hX
increase → (名词形式increase ) d*^JO4'
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) iP(MDVg
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) h.vy SwF"j
go up 0(y*EJA$
注意以下短语数量上的区别: d%P2V>P
increase by +数字上升到... Z?o0Q\}1
increase to +数字上升了... s1 >8uW
reach to +数字达到... ]vQa~}
(2)其他词汇 7He"IJ
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 -NwG'
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leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 6)^*DJy
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 6-wpR
(3) 地道表达 yf:0u_&]
double, triple 1Gr^,Ry
3、表达“下降” |-=-/u1
(1) 常见词汇 @:zC!dR)G
decrease (名词形式decrease ) #!Cg$6%x9
drop (名词形式drop) U^7hw(}me
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) .\a+m
decline (名词形式decline ) Ms6;iW9
go down DIGw4g4Kt
(2)其他词汇 7%"|6dw
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 lD$s, hp
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 -I5]#%eX^
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 ,.P]5 lE
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 WDY\Fj
4、表达“波动” Q I";[
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation )
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go up and down 2tK~]0x
rise and fall Q+Nnj(AQY
5、表达“保持平稳” xCL)<8[R,}
remain stable (或 remain constant) (Yj6|`
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) O])vR< [
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) h:Gs9]Lvtv
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 Qf0P"s`
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable ^kNVQJiZyG
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 2f:h z
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady eJqx,W5MK]
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” D7pQWlN\
1、v. + adv. Lb$Uba-_
decline slowly 9*iVv)jd
grow dramatically !"phz&E5ah
fluctuate sharply ){GJgk|P
2、 adj. + n. Nkb%4ofKqu
a slow decline TCzz]?G]la
a dramatic growth ;woK96"{t
a sharp fluctuation =KR^0<2r
a slight increase >7a
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a significant increase 5Zc
3、 on a +adj.+ n f4<~_ZGr
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: 9J%O$sF
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. ,%m~OB#
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. ~ xam ;]2