中国社会科学院研究生院 JYKA@sZHe
^X0<ZI
2015 年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷 HcQ{ok9u
{v]A`u
)
%qfEFhRC
英 语
R0\E?9P
2015 年 3 月 14 日 {n%F^ky+7
8:30 – 11:30 t91v%L
pU`Q[HOs
1 WRFzb0;01
PART I: Vocabulary and Grammar uj;-HN)6
Section A (10 points) [a
l$7R&
Directions: Choose the answer that best fills in the blank. (D{9~^EO>a
1. Even the president is not really the CEO. No one is. Power in a corporation is concentrated and )0RH"#,2L
vertically structured. Power in Washington is ______________ and horizontally spread out. ,uEWnZ"4
a. prudent b. reversible c. diffuse d. mandatory oe4Fy}Y_;
2. In describing the Indians of the various sections of the United States at different stages in their ,p>=WX
history, some of the factors which account for their similarity amid difference can be readily s'fHhG6
accounted for, others are difficult to _______________. R^fVwDl\
a. refine b. discern c. embed d. cluster NBE)DL
3. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was SH5GW3\h
designed to give the other members of the club a bigger ______________ and to counter f#/v^Ql*
centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union. m/%sBw\rx
a. say b. transmission c. decay d. contention j$A~3O<e"
4. It can hardly be denied the proliferation of so-called dirty books and films has, to date, reached *V3 }L
Z
almost a saturation point. People do not acknowledge the _______________ fact that children Nm:nSqc
are bound to be exposed to ―dirty words‖ in a myriad of ways other than through the public LYkW2h`JQ
airwaves. z9YC9m)jK
a.irrefutable b. concrete c. inevitable d. haphazard ?7/n s>}
5. A condition is an essential term of the contract. If a contract is not performed, it may constitute a 2\lUaC#E
substantial breach of contract and allow the other party to _______________ the contract, that is, '1|r+(q|2
treat the contract as discharged or terminated. m(XcPb
a. repudiate b. spurn c. decline d. halt r2qxi'
6. Each of us shares with the community in which we live a store of words as well as agreed C8DZ:3E$c
conventions ______________ these words should be arranged to convey a particular message. PDzVXLpC
a. as the way by which b. by the way in which [9~Bau
c. as to the way in which d. in the way of which 6#K1LY5 }
7. Rarely ______________ a technological development _______________ an impact on many y 7|x<Z
aspects of social, economic, and cultural development as greatly as the growth of electronics. (p-a;.Twj
a. has… had b. had…had c. has…has d. have…had c*9RzD#Zj
8. If early humans ______________ as much as they did, they probably ______________ to evolve 3 =KfNz_
into different species. pZuYmMP
a. did not move and intermingle…would continue a7)q^;:O
b. would not move and intermingle…had continued |Xlc2?e
c. had not moved and intermingled…would have continued P'KaW u9z
d. were not to move and intermingle…could have continued2 O+@"l$;N
9. It was ______________ the last time around the track ______________ I really kicked it 8h78Zb&[
in--passing the gossiping girlfriends, blocking out the whistles of boys who had already %XMrSlSOp
completed their run and now were hanging out on the grassy hill, I ran--pushing hard, breathing CY?]o4IV
shallowly, knowing full well that I was going to have to hear about it from my disapproving W r);A
{
friends for the next few days. ~2beVQ(U
a. not until…when b. not until…that c. until…when d. until…that '{@hBB+ D
10.One impediment ______________ the general use of a standard in pronunciation is the fact MP-A^QT
______________ pronunciation is learnt naturally and unconsciously, while orthography is @AvXBMq|
learnt deliberately and consciously. & G@(f=
a. in…which b. of …in which c. on…that d. to…that BBm.;=8@ ^
Section B (5 points) t7H2z}06=h
Directions: Choose the word that is the closest in meaning with the underlined word. {l-,Jbfi`
11. It is some 15 million Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims swept up in a tumultuous shuffle of citizens Vrf2%$g
between India and Pakistan after the partition of the subcontinent in 1947. 1c(1
YGuH
a. division b. turmoil c. fusion d. consolidation )@RTU~#
12. Concerning speculation, philosophy looks upon things from the broadest possible perspective; Z=_p
for criticism, it has the twofold role of questioning and judging everything that pertains either 57'=Qz52
to the foundations or to the superstructure of human thinking. 0cC5
a. inebriates b. forsakes c. relates d. emaciates {d.`0v9h
13. Meeting is, in fact, a necessary though not necessarily productive psychological side show. ;``*]tY$
Perhaps it is our civilized way to moderating,if not preventing, change. \7nlwFAO
a. promoting b. impeding c. tempering d. arresting Oj:O-PtN2
14. The truth about alliances and their merit probably lies somewhere between the travel utopia %np b.C|+
presented by the players and the evil empires portrayed by their critics. 7 6~x|6)
a. collaboration b. worth c. triumph d. defect :
c"J$wT/
15. But Naifeh and Smith reveal a keen intellect, an avid reader and a passionate observer of other I1=YSi;A
artists’ work who progressed from labored figure studies to inspired outbursts of creative energy. 6A7UW7/
Far from an artistic flash in the pan, he pursued his calling with dogged determination against 6|r`
k75.
nearly insurmountable odds. 8RbtI
4
a. insuperable b. unsurpassable c. uncountable d. invaluable !!E_WDZ#9
Section C (5 points) W1$B6+}Z0V
Directions: Choose the letter that indicates the error in the sentence. sTU]ntoQqR
16. One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S. Congress is the power to3 +j_Vs+0
investigate, which is usually delegated to committees—either standing committees, special "5BgajrB
A B Zk$AAjC&
committees set for a specific purpose, or joint committees consisting of members of both 9Xmb_@7b}
C D =<s+
cM
houses. ~O?Gi 4^Yg
17. One of the important corollaries to the investigative power is the power to publicize E,JDO d}
investigations and their results. Most committee hearings are open to public and are reported cBb!7?6(
A B B 9KY$^J
widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations thus represent one important tool q]=.Aik
C Mii-Q`.:
available to lawmakers to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interest in national issues. VG*BAFs
D Qf0$Z.-
18. It is not a voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something which we k{Vc5F
A B {H#1wu^]O$
almost always know. We begin the natural learning of pronunciation long before we start hi"[R@UG
C ,WR$xi.j
learning to read or write, and in our early years we go on unconsciously imitating and m>k
j @^SQ
D ePa:_?(
practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many hours everyday. 8)Z WR3)+W
19. It had happened too often that the farmers sold their wheat soon after harvest when farm debts p<Wb^BE
A ^LaI{UDw%h
were coming due, only to see prices rising and speculators getting rich. On various occasions, Z^`&