Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions. d< y
B ~Y
The hallmarks of cancer conceptualization is a heuristic tool for distilling the vast W_?S^>?l/
complexity of cancer phenotypes and genotypes into a provisional set of underly- IlH*s/
ing principles. As knowledge of cancer mechanisms has progressed, other facets of the disease have co:
W!
emerged as potential refinements. Herein, the prospect is raised that phenotypic plasticity and dis- E]bj
I $j
rupted differentiation is a discrete hallmark capability, and that nonmutational epigenetic reprogram- cEe>Lyt
ming and polymorphic microbiomes both constitute distinctive enabling characteristics that facilitate VP[ J#TPU
the acquisition of hallmark capabilities. Additionally, senescent cells, of varying origins, may be added Rt+s\
MC^r
to the roster of functionally important cell types in the tumor microenvironment.
