Hallmarks of Cancer: New Dimensions. .E#Sm?gK
The hallmarks of cancer conceptualization is a heuristic tool for distilling the vast acQN pT
complexity of cancer phenotypes and genotypes into a provisional set of underly- b6&NzUt34V
ing principles. As knowledge of cancer mechanisms has progressed, other facets of the disease have a
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emerged as potential refinements. Herein, the prospect is raised that phenotypic plasticity and dis- N+qLxk
rupted differentiation is a discrete hallmark capability, and that nonmutational epigenetic reprogram- yB%)D0
ming and polymorphic microbiomes both constitute distinctive enabling characteristics that facilitate Xe;(y "p
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the acquisition of hallmark capabilities. Additionally, senescent cells, of varying origins, may be added ii
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to the roster of functionally important cell types in the tumor microenvironment.
