博士研究生入学考试复习英语范文

[考博英语]博士研究生入学考试复习英语范文

Information and My Life
     As you know, information plays an important role inour modern society. Someone ~ys that ours is a society of information. I agreewith him. In fact, information is expanding at an increasing rate. As a memberof modern society, I am fully aware of the significance of information to mylife. It affects nearly every aspect of my life. Then how to obtain and dealwith information seems to be of utmost importance.
     As for me, the first way to obtain information is togo to library. Our library is so large that it covers a wide range of subjects.Various kinds of information can be got in it. Information about society,economy, politics and sciences will give you a fresh mind. Of course, libraryisn' t the only source of information. I can learn much information by othermeans. Even when talking with my friends I can get a lot of useful information.
      But information is so immense that we haven' tample energy and time to deal deeply with' it. Moreover, some of theinformation might not be true. So, how to select information is alsosignificant to me. Listen to all, trust only three tenths. To obtain accurateinformation and to throw off the false part of it should be our goal.
      Information should be made full use in my life.Right now, I try to use information mostly on my studies. When I get intosociety several years later, information will probably become more andmoreimportant

Today's Luxuries Are Tomorrow's Necessities
     By "luxury", we mean "a pleasant andoften expensive thing that is not necessary". From a historical point ofview, things which Were a luxury when they first came into being all becamenecessities later. When the electric bulb was first invented in the U.S., it wassuch a luxury that only government bodies could afford to use it. Nowadays,however, it has reached every part of the world. It is the same case withtelephone, TV, and a lot of others, which were all luxuries years ago.
     Anything, no matter how luxurious it is, will become anecessity when it is widely used. This is true of many of the present luxuries,including mobile phones, cars, computers and many other things. It is known toall that the purpose of the development of science is to make things easy forthe mankind, not for only a small number of people. Therefore, the first thingto do after a new invention occurs is to spread it so as to benefit as manypeople as possible. In the course of the spread, the luxury becomesdecreasingly luxurious until in the end it becomes a necessity. This is anobjective law, nothing can be an exception.
     With the quick development of science and technology,the process for many things to become a necessity from a luxury will be greatlyshortened. Anything that can be imagined will be invented and in no timebecomes a necessity accessible to ordinary people.

Value of Knowledge
      In the Information Age, public awareness of thevalue of knowledge critically affects the economic growth of a nation. Theschematic diagram clearly shows how the value of knowledge evolved in China in thepast 50 years.
     The schematic diagram mainly consists of three parts.From 1950 to 1966, the curve was roughly a straight line slightly above zero,showing that Chinawas a poorly-educated nation then. In 1966, the curve drastically dropped belowzero, moving down hopelessly in the next 11 years. This periodcoincided withthe "Culture Revolution". Our society went mad then, books wereburned,schools were closed and all kinds of academic activities were banned.Knowledge inflicted its masters nothing but disasters. Life was a nightmare forChinese intellectuals, including famous scholars as well as common people whoreceived higher education or whose profession had anything to do with knowledge.It was a time when ignorance was a virtue and knowledge was a crime. Peopletried desperately to be away from knowledge. As a result, China laggedfarther behind the rapid progressing world. This was the darkest time in thehistory of New China. The curve returned to its original non-zero positionaround 1978 and moved up but slowly. From 1984 on, it has been shooting up. Theopen-up policy encourages people to study and to channel their knowledge to themarket economy. Millions of Chinese are bettering off by means of theirknowledge and more Chinese enjoy the fruits of knowledge and say goodbye forgood to poverty that haunted them for generations.
        As our world is rapidly advancingtowards the Information Age, increasing number of people realize that knowledgeis power and creativity is everything. Only when Chinabecomes a better educated nation, can China be a great nation withinternational prestige.

Task 1
A. Title: Private car
B. Word limit: about 200 words (not including the given opening sentence)
C. Your composition should be based on the outline below and should start withthe given opening sentence: “Nowadays any Chinese can enjoy the luxury ofowning a private car- if he can afford it.”
D. Your composition should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Outline:
1) Advantages of owning a private car.
2) Disadvantages of owning a private car.
3) Should it be necessary to enlarge the private car market? Why or why not?
Nowadays, any Chinese can enjoy the luxury of owning a private car – if he orshe can afford it. Having a car of your own means no more traveling to work oncrowded buses or subway trains, and you can drop off the children at school onthe way. Moreover, it also means that you can enjoy the weekends and holidaysbetter, because with a car you can go to places where the regular buses andtrains do not go, and so you can find a quiet scenic spot with no crowds.
However, there are drawbacks to owning a car. For one thing, with the increasein car ownership in recent years, the roads are becoming more and more crowded,often making the journey to work more of a nightmare than a dream. For another,it is not cheap to run a car, as the prices of gasoline and repairs areconstantly rising, not to mention the prices you have to pay for a license andinsurance coverage.
Having considered both sides of the argument, I have come to the conclusionthat the advantages of owning a car outweigh the disadvantages. Therefore, itseems to me that Chinashould increase its output of automobiles and enlarge the private car market.The result would be that cars would become cheaper, while at the same time theextra demand would encourage the auto industry to produce more efficient andfamily-oriented vehicles.

Task 2
Assuming that a manager is going to interview some job applicants and one ofhis friends gives him a piece of advice that the first impression is not areliable basis for judgment. This manager wants to hear more from others anddecides to have a wall newspaper put up for more views on that topic.
You are going to write an article to offer your opinion about it.
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
It is commonly said that one's first impression of a person is the mostimportant one, and this is certainly true when applied to job interviews. Thisis because the manager often has to interview a dozen or more candidates in thespace of only one or two hours, allotting no more than a few minutes to each.Therefore, it is vital for the interviewee to make the best possible impressionon his prospective employer during the interview.
However, the manager must be aware that he is seeing only the best side of theprospective employee and, as the saying goes, appearances can be deceptive. Forinstance, that smart new suit that the interviewee is wearing might have beenhired from a tailor shop, or lent to him by his brother. In addition, the briefinterview does not allow the manager to observe how well -- or how badly -- theinterviewee might get along with his future colleagues.
On the other hand, an interviewee might give a bad impression through no faultof his own. It is possible that he woke up with a headache that morning, orarrived late for the interview because of a traffic jam. The manager must bealert to such accidents, and not judge the interviewee too harshly.So I thinkthat, although the first impression counts for a lot, the employer should findout some background knowledge about the interviewee before deciding whether tohire him or not.

Task 3
据权威机构调查显示，2001年，我国空调总产量为2500万台，而市场容量仅为1500万台。空调已经成为继VCD、彩电后又一个家电企业力拼的市场。于是空调厂家坐不住了，打折、送礼品，甚至出现了空调论斤卖的怪事。近日，空调企业又想出了新花样：举办空调流行趋势发布会。面临巨大的竞争压力，多数空调生产厂家都意识到了自己生存的危机，他们不得不推出新产品以占据消费市场。同时，许多空调大企业都声称他们不会去挑起空调价格战。但是，will there be an air-conditioner "price battle" thisyear?There is a discussion in a newspaper on the issue.Write an essay to thenewspaper
1) giving a brief introduction to the issue,
2) stating your view about the "price battle", and
3) justifying your prediction.
You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2
With the rapid advances in the standard of living of the Chinese people inrecent years, air-conditioners have joined other household electricalappliances as items in great demand. However, output has far exceeded supply,as manufacturers have scrambled for sales in this profitable market. As aresult, fierce competition has driven them to resort to all sorts of measuresto pull ahead of their rivals and avoid going bankrupt.
These measures include aggressive advertising campaigns, offering a free giftwith every purchase of an air-conditioner, and -- most important of all -lowering prices. Price wars are a common phenomenon whenever supply outstripsdemand in a free-market economy, and China's newly liberalized economyis no exception. Nevertheless, I do not think we will see a repeat of therecent price war in the air-conditioner market this year.
I have three reasons for my prediction. The first is that the earlier round ofprice-cutting eliminated the less-efficient manufacturers from the industry; sothere are fewer companies supplying the market. The second is that thegovernment has taken measures to regulate the air-conditioner market,eliminating the chaos that price wars entail. And the third is that with China'sadmission to the WTO, manufacturers will have to offer more attractive - notcheaper - products.
Task 4
1. Describe the picture
2. Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the picture
3. Suggest your counter-measures
Basically, what we see in this picture is a bird lamentingthe fact that its home has been destroyed. Of course, birds usually make theirhomes in trees, and since there are no trees left in the picture - only thestumps, to show that the original trees have been chopped down - the bird isleft without shelter. In fact, the bird has no choice but to perch on thehandle of an axe, which has been used to destroy its original home.
We can deduce from this picture that the drawer is trying to attract ourattention to the tragedy of the destruction of forests, which is part of thethreat to the ecological balance of the planet. He seems to be saying that soonthere will be no trees left in the world. In my opinion, the sad little bird isa symbol of all living things, including human beings, and, like the bird, we toowill be left homeless if we allow the destruction of the environment tocontinue.
This simple picture is a wake-up call for the whole of the human race. If thisvivid image of the grim future of our planet is not to become a reality, wemust take positive steps right now to put an end to the plundering of theEarth's natural resources. It is clear that the drawer of the picture is urgingus to start with a campaign to save the forests, which is something all of uscan join by urging our local authorities to take positive measures to save thetrees.

Unemployment
     Unemployment is viewed as the number one problem in China now andthe government has launched a major attack on the problem.
     The steps the government has taken to deal withunemployment are' as follows. Firstly, unemployment fund has been establishedto help the unemployed workers to support themselves. Secondly, the unemployedreceive vocational training, which is expected to pay off in the short term andgive the unemployed an advantage in the job market. It is due to the lack ofprofessional skills that these workers have lagged behind in the society. Thesetraining programs aim to equip the workers with some special skills, such astyping, sewing, and cooking. Finally, psychological advice is also available,since unemployment, apart from exerting financial pressures, brings enormouspsychological discomfort. With the advice, the unemployed will learn how toadapt to the fierce competition in the technological age.
    With the joint efforts of the government and the society, weare optimistic that we can win the current war on unemployment.

Air-conditioners
    In recent years, the air- conditioner has become one of themany indispensable electrical appliances for thousands upon thousands offamilies, especially those in the south, where the intense heat overwhelms theearth throughout the summer. The advantages of the air- conditioner are self -evident. Armed with the ability to refrigerate, the air- conditioner makes youfeel refreshing and comfortable no matter how hot it is outside. Thus itguarantees the efficiency of your work and the quality of your rest. Without itthere would be no knowing what would happen to you in the dog days. Moreover,it can also create a proper condition in summer for the operation of computers-- the best friends of yours in the information age. Too high a temperaturewould make computers work improperly, causing much inconvenience for your dailylife and work.
    With all the advantages the air- conditioner offers, its disadvantagesare also obvious. To begin with, the installment of the air - conditioneralways involves the hole making in the wall, which undoubtedly makes the wallless pleasing to the eye than if not. Besides, the air- conditioned environmentmay make you more and more dependent on the air - conditioner, thus physicallyweakening your ability to cope with hot weather. Most important, the air -conditioned environment provides poor ventilation, and sometimes may even giverise to a strange kind of smell, which makes you feel dizzy and sick.Consequently, you will be in no mood for enjoying the cool air produced by theair- condi-
tioner.
    All things considered, I think its advantages outweigh itsdisadvantages. Actually, nothing in the world is perfect. It is unwise to makelight of the favorable aspects of a thing on account of its unfavorableaspects. The same is true of the attitude you take towards the air -conditioner.

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