2009博士生考试基础词汇汇总 w0.;86<MV
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Abandon The match was abandoned because of bad weather. )h%tEY$AJ
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay 2tp95E
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desert/forsake/ leave / cease / depart / discard / relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up F'@[b
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abide We have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) ;T!ZO@1X
Her fame will abide for sure. Last/endure/ continue/persist/remain/stay 99Nm? $g
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You have to keep ______ with the times. Uo:=-NNI
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with FbD9G6h5
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call. ^K'XlM`a
engage/occupy/bend over/involve/be busy with RDu{U(!
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game Xf|I=XK
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access In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library. *b(nX,e
Way/approach/solution/answer/ to] ~$~Q|>
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/at hand /o nZ14
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His words are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) `+T"^{
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I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreement with/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independently f]kG%JEK
You have to take everything into account/consideration. Attention/regard/respect/mind PCiwQ4
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Give us an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement `R_;n#3F0
He has been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) G@6F<L~$1
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure #J*hZ(Pq
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active He is very active in politics. c[4I
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Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation. JR
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Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit %1kIaYZ
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) _ v3VUm#
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. `:YCOF
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/ acknowledge/adopt) qPgny/(
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adequate Their earnings are barely adequate to their needs. 'DtC=
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample A $W~R
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money. C?t!Uvs
Benefit/gain/upper hand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns gE~LPwM
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Aim His aim is to win the game. b_a
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Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination \JIyJ8FleC
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twenty years. hf< [$B
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heap up/store up k83S.*9Mx
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang Ex@o&j\93
Figure/digit/measure <^Jdl.G
ambitious These young men were ambitious for success and money. !p{CsR8c
Eager for/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intent upon *b\&R%6dR
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. 4XIc|a Aa
Add up to/approximate/total/sum up gvoYyO#cm
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The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. C!W0L`r
sum/measure/quantity/price/value 5Tq*]ZE
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angle Try looking at this affair from a different angle. aspect arN=OB
/view/point of view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment [Z;ei1l
theory/outlook $) m$c5!
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board. ~{-9qOGw;
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/make known
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do. )Bu#ln"
expect/ look forward to/await/foresee/hope for USZB
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Not at all HYl~)O>
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The apparent things might not tell of the truth. 3!vnSX(iv
apparent obvious seeming evident clear plain ]EdZ,`B4
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking. ehTv@2b
Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. oj
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Except for / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition b>Ea_3T/
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He was appointed member of the committee. q7<=1r+
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/vote for nf1O8FwRb
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg %<fs \J^k
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apply Please apply to the secretary for further information. qiH)J-
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The rules of safe driving apply to everyone. pog
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan. disapprove kPoz&e_@
like/prefer/endorse/accept/think well of 3)I]bui
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arise The company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. NF7
Rise raise rouse arouse arise dm]g:KWg
Originate/ derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up ^M%P43
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artificial/artistic Her painting is a great artistic creation. E)`0(Z:E
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ashamed /shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating hW'b'x<
Ashamed of having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. @$!6u0x
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will be glad to get acquainted with. >F:1a\c
associate/link / touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with / relate cJbv,RV<
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I assume that success is a sum of mistakes. ,X1M!'
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted wN10Drc
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assure I can assure you of my support. 1h(IrV5 g
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise Pz[UAJ
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of at least on foreign language. Fx}v.A5
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete J%|;
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of the town during the rush hour. 5._QI/d)'J
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from {D^
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The government has banned the used of chemical weapons. SmD#hE[
Bar prohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct 2;*G!rE&*`
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale Q:7P
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year. ?Fa$lE4
China has been following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. }Hg\
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ground foundation R[6R)#o
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. c(vi,U-hC
As soon as before the second the minute the moment E#Ue9J
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You can’t blame all this on me. 8YE4ln
He is the last one to blame for the accident. ## vP(M$
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn W{
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals 1I'}Uh*
board/ committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team
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boast You should not boast of your success. Brag show off >YXb"g@.
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boom Production boomed. 2Hx*kh2
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speed up/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper -{JReplc
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, he says "No". short AVU'rsXA
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We are bound for London. Head make ?wmu0rR
The weather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to cdH`#
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There are no bounds to his ambition. Limit confine restriction ho~WD'i
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call This situation¬¬¬¬_____________ for prompt action. (calls in calls at calls on calls for) `Has3AX8
They have called off their engagement.
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She was calm when I told her of the terrible news. cw~GH
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful 5HL>2
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We should not doubt his capability. T}XJFV
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency j9RpYz
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Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends. ci(BPnQ
Career job vocation trade calling work profession occupation 98<^!mwF
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There is no reason why we should not carry on with it. CSm(yB{|pC
Carry on go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process c-@EHv
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case In any case I shall return in a day or two. If even if for fear on condition .&^M
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center She centered her attention on the problem. l`JKQk
Focus concentrate fix (@\0P H0
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charge The charge against him was severe. ;Oqbfl#%
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/ guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment a5@lWpQsV
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Since the situation is changing, let’s take some _____ measures to deal with it. EJaO"9
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flexible changeable changing yaX%<KBa\
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If I had the choice, I would retire at thirty. (%M:=zm
Selection/preference/option/alternative _8z
No one came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. d
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cling She clung to the hope that he was still alive. .7#04_aP
Stick adhere hold grasp -f(<2i
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close The ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. jB d9
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Listen closely and look closely, you’ll find it out. rk?G[C)2c
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A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity. j%*<W> O
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key ~x+24/qT
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. h"Q&E'0d
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join VoUAFEcs
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work just yet. Remark :cTwp K
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark en gh3TZC
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commit I cannot commit myself to any further expense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate O7I|<H/gVE
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Compare this with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast 7Y'.yn
Poets have compared sleep to death. '^M3g-C[Jg
She is lovely beyond compare. K<tkNWasQ
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. jvos)$;L-
I have done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. dCMW
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Comparable/comparative kv3jbSKCT
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should. 3&JsYQu
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt 7J2i /m
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He has formed a good habit. >?A3;O]
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build qu/59D
Assemble/manufacture/produce enT.9|vm/
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Next year, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required "^ cn9AG{
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compose The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. TNC,{sM
Consist of/ be made up of / contain / include/hold/cover/comprise G l*C"V
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comprehensive /Comprehensible X/nb7_M
She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject. n2H2G_-L[
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in the room. Aware 0Q5ua`U
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmas card. Piz/vH6M}
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic _D(F[p|
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful /5_!Y>W
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil. z6R<*$4
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel h^bbU.
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Our journey was slow because the train stopped continually at different villages. F
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continuously vs continually :nw4K(:f
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express K$\]\qG6
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. c0jC84*v
deal with live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with mg*[,_3q33
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correspond Ohnd:8E
This word in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. fXBA
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count Her opinion counts because of her experience. rRL:]%POT
Matter be of importance significant i}+K;,Da:8
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Don’t count on a salary increase this year. Rg,pC.7;
believe depended count confide rely depend bank a4L8MgF&$-
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critical If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions. =x9zy]
Crucial urgent pressing decisive 4
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Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic O[;>Y'zqC%
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. y'pAh
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Remind relieve inform deprive rob break /A4zR
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It is not my custom to give in. ,D3?N2mB
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature ;zIAh[z
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The damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair. 6+e@)[l.zc
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress CYmwT>P+*4
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish l_y:IY$"
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decline Steel production has been on the decline in these countries. kcVEE)zb
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce lO9ML-8C1
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. x-,+skZs
She was deeply interested in classical music. >&7K|$y.J
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree. Extent /\V
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deem They deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. p?2\9C4
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/think over W~z
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A good mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. @k>}h\w
Demand/require/call for qR/~a
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see her father. X]d;x/2
refuse decline rejects turn down >
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. SKt&]H
The storms are dying down. ]1hW/!
The noise of the car died away in the distance. awkPFA*c'
The members of the family had all died off. $(/=Wn
This species has died out. 5gYv CW&~
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Can you describe what he looks like? r==d^
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell 2CcUClP$
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They were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. OGW,[k=2{
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious X5@+M!`
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She was in his eyes a devoted mother. WxLbf+0o
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous {\zTE1X9
The sewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. mq
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Discharge/discard / cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / give away/ 'KvSI=$
throw away/cast off/get rid of 8J|2b; Vf
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display We were amazed by the rich variety of commodities on display. O0^m_
Her writings display natural talents. W]Bc7JM]T+
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present ?APzb4f^W
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. KU$:p^0l;*
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar ;] v{3m
Long sentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. qzon);#7w
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct 'q>2WP|UY9
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The light is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. g[G+s4Nv
distinguish tell separate divide -g n!8G1
He is one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. O>R@Xj)M
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized mD5Vsy{Pb
/prominent/important/superior Q|KD$2rB
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In the dark I could only discern the outline of the building. !NqLBrcv 0
Discern/see/make out/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold +{~cX]|
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diverse There are people from diverse cultures at the party. different various comprehensive g)dKXsy(F
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He refused to disclose his name and address. i[Qq,MmC
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray Six2{b)p
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They drew up the contract and presented it to the management. M{z&h>
The train drew in/into the station. pull mX/'Fta
draw pull drag push heave lift haul \B4f5L8k
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing (N6=+dNY
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She drove her car into the forest. ?`=
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Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride ke<l@wO
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Don’t discourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage ,UYe OM2Ao
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keep from/try to stop 3mQ3mV:
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The shoes are expensive but durable. }0[<xo>K
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong _BEDQb{"|
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It is your duty to go. o)wOXF
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role WN $KS"b6}
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort }#q0K
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He is living an easy life now. comfortable c8N pk<
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It is an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. ef@F!s_fI
economic/economical/economy >]HvXEdNZ|
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He went to a very good elementary school. \'r;1W
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive G?^w
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Since 1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. vjVa),2
The acid has no effect on the metal. [x%8l,O
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The new regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. y(*5qa<>
A sentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. (Z0.H3
He is not likely to give effect to his threat. k$.l^H
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effect force power practice ?Ld:HE
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She encouraged him to take this examination. &k`/jl;u
Encourage/support/back up/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire L<G6)'5W
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end Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. lmIphOUoIw
I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. "AlR%:]24~
I've warned you no end of times not to touch that machine. ^U^K\rq 1u
I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end. K<k\A@rv8H
He had approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he was at his wit's end. H?
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We ended the diner up with fruit and coffee. 'X\C/8\
When the reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. ?IDkDv!na~
The argument between the two men ended in a fight. @7sHFwtar?
The government is determined to put an end to terrorism. fc<,kRp
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He's entitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. @sRb1+nn
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower SwO8d;e
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The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. &!*p>
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equip provide [C3wjYi
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They have the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive m xy=3cUi
HmV JkkksJ
My wife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. S+pm@~xe
exert practice exercise impose avail hAB:;r XlI
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He is one of the greatest contemporary writers. oTeQY[%$
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent xQ=L2pX
%G jjl*`E
He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young. live face come 2!a~YT
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Devotion is essential for work. Y2>*' nU
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable HmpV;
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Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent (!<G` ;}u
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Nothing is everlasting. s`L>mRw`
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/for good 5dLb`Gf
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The bird extended its wings in flight. i^/D_L.
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify WtbOm
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Her nose is a very attractive feature. !x
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Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark Y.o-e)zX
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Are you in favor of women taking part in politics? jF%l\$)/
In the favor "cX*GTNi8
The international situation is favorable to us. Advantageous y &%2
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Panic swept through the swimmers as they caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. -cWxS{vO
Tension Excitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot ,:/3'L
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After Tom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. V:
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The children hid in the house and ate their fill. ^1+&)6s7V
The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather. 0t}&32lL&
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders 3+ r8yiY
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There are fine distinctions between the two. +wg|~Lef h
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant i^DZK&B@u
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Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes across to American audience. (SYSw%v$A
Understand comprehend catch on get +t PqU6
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He gave a gift for my birthday. 8_F 5c@7
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/deal out B@2VI
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He had a good house, a good wife and a good job. Ox1#}7`0>
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent ,L}
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They grouped together in fours. vmZyvJSE
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate .0>2j(
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When he was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what was happening around him. Hang loaf loiter ("
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across jRP9
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Her new film is quite a hit. success Qs5^kddz=
The rent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect ]V K%6PQ0
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hold She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news. <,!e*V*U
I think he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. D-tm'APq
She always holds to her convictions. 'dstAlt?
The forthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. Ej]:j8^W
Road works on the highway are holding up traffic. S3iXG
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There was something wrong with the traffic signal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. kgV_*0^
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up LzW8)<N
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones you bought last week. the same as "[rChso
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If only I were rich! NM;0@ o
Only if I am rich, I can do what I want. .W#-Cl&n8
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Immoral vs amoral `EUufTYi
He deserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. oWu2}#~z_
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It was he that initiated this project. bZE;}d
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/break the ice bV5 {
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greater incentive than the prize. 3$u3ssOL
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) K\7\
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We are in for trouble. jIMT&5k
He know the ins and outs of the problem. 7S_rN!E1i*
Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. h~]G6>D9)>
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A good teacher should be impartial to his students. F%t_9S,)O
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This car is inferior to the one I bought last year. L9| 55z
inferior superior senior junior similar prior PJq;OM|
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The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen insight into human nature. u?(@hUV.
intellect insight perception understanding comprehension wisdom intuition .l| [e
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No doubt, a trade mark pertains to a firm’s intangible assets. yqaLqZ$
intangible invisible 3@qy}Nm
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interfere /intervene If you interfere in /with other people's affairs, you will regret it. k`l={f8C
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He testified in court that he had seen the prisoner run out of the bank after it had been robbed. L}E~CiL0n
testified witnessed justified identified notify specify /s@t-gTi
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keep I can't understand you keeping a thing like that to yourself. E[:eMJR
Please keep to the point --- we are running out of time. BHVC&
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I can’t keep up with all the changes in computer science. eP d
If you want to fulfill your dream, you have to keep ______it. (to / up on) Dl
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They did not only lack water, they also lacked in courage. }Y}f73-|
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large The dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. R[C+?qux
By and large, the company has been good to me. S!Alno
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This is law and you can’t change as you wish. .wU0F
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She saw a notice “ apartment to let”. yt'P,m
Let/rent/lease/charter/contract/agreement Dias!$g
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She is the one that laid out the town. i,H(6NL.
He was laid off for his ill performance. o>6c?Xi&
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