考博英语相近词汇辨析

A
1.adept  adopt   adapt
adept
adj.（与at, in连用）熟练的；精通的
She was adept at the fine art of irritating people.
n. 内行；老手
adopt
vt.收养
采取；采用
They adopted our methods.
正式通过；采纳
The resolution was adopted by a vote of 180 in favour to 10 against it.
adapt
vt.使适应；使适合
He adapted himself to the cold weather.
When he moved to Canada, the children adapted to the change very well.
2.adopted   adoptive
adopted
adj.被收养的，被采纳的
an adopted child
an adopted advice
adoptive
adj.收养（孩子）的
an adoptive mother
3.averse    adverse
averse
adj.（常与to连用）嫌恶的
I am not averse to a dance party and a good mean after a week's hard work.
The minister is averse to/from flattery.
adverse
adj.不利的；相反的
an adverse decision
Adverse circumstances compelled him to close his business.
4.affection   affectation
affection
n.友爱, 爱情, 影响, 疾病, 倾向
affectation
n.假装, 虚饰, 做作
5.altitude latitude longitude multitude attitude aptitude
altitude
n.（海拔）高度
At high altitudes of Tibet it is difficult to breathe.
高处
The plane flew at an altitude of 20000 metres.
latitude
n.纬度, 范围, (用复数)地区, 行动或言论的自由(范围)
longitude
n.经度, 经线
multitude
n.多数, 群众
attitude
n.姿势,态度
People's attitude towards the skyscrapers varies widely.
看法；意见
What is the Municipal Authority's attitude to the proposal of a tunnel across the river?
What's the authorities' attitude towards this discord?
aptitude
n.能力；才能；天资
6.angle   angel
angle
n.角；角度
a right angle
角落；墙角；棱角
观点；看法；看问题的角度
to consider all angles of the question
The professor angled his report to suit the audience he was speaking to.
vt.转动一个角度
to angle a camera
带成见地描述（某事）
He angles his reports to please his editor in chief.
用钩和钓钓鱼
He is keen on angling.
（与for连用）运用手段获得，攫取
angel
n.天使，守护神，仁慈、漂亮的女人
7.announce   denounce  renounce  pronounce
announce
vt.通告；发表，宣布，宣告
The captain announced that the plane was going to land.
The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain.
denounce
vt.揭发；告发；斥责
renounce
vt.正式放弃
He renounced his claim to the property.
宣布断绝关系
He renounced his religion.
pronounce
vt., vi.发音；发出…音
How do you pronounce c-l-e-r-k?
宣称；宣告；断言
The expert pronounced the picture to be a forgery.
The priest pronounced them man and wife.
Everyone pronounced the party to be very good.
（常与on, for, against, in favor of连用）〈法〉宣判
The judge pronounced sentence on the prisoner.
8. annual    annul
annual
adj.每年的；一年一次的
an annual event
annul
vt.取消，废除（婚姻、契约等）
9.apposite    opposite
apposite
adj.适当的
opposite
adj.相对的, 对面的, 对立的, 相反的, 对等的, 对应的
n.相反的事物
10.appraise   apprise   praise
appraise
vt.评估，评价，鉴定
apprise
vt.通知；告知
She was apprised of our arrival.
The secretary came to apprise us that the erection of the monster machine had been successfully completed.
praise
vt.赞美；赞扬；歌颂；赞颂
She praised her daughter's hard work.
11.apprehensive   comprehensive
apprehensive
adj.忧虑的；担心的
apprehensive for sb.'s safety
comprehensive
adj.全面的；广泛的；包含内容多的；详尽的
The state government gave a very comprehensive explanation of its plans for the development of electronic industry.
12 .argument   augment
argument
n.争论, 辩论, 论据, 论点, ～ (for,against), 意见
augment
vt., vi.增大；增加
13. ascribe  describe  prescribe  subscribe  inscribe  proscribe
ascribe
vt.归因于, 归咎于
describe
vt.描写, 记述, 形容, 形容
v.描述
prescribe
vt, vi.`开药方；处方；命令；规定
The law prescribes what should be done.
What punishment does the law prescribe for corruption?
The doctor prescribed total abstinence.
subscribe
vt., vi.（常与to, for连用）捐款；捐助
订购（报纸、杂志等）
（常与to连用）同意，赞同
inscribe
vt.（常与in, on, with连用）题写；铭刻
She inscribed her own name on the textbook.
（常与to连用）题名
This book I inscribe to my old comrades-in-arms.
proscribe
vt.禁止
14. assent   ascent
assent
vi.（常与to连用）同意
ascent
n.上升, (地位, 声望等的)提高, 攀登, 上坡路
15.dissent   descent   decent
dissent
vi.（常与from连用）持异议；不同意；意见不一致
He and I dissented from each other in choosing a suitable candidate.
descent
n.下降；下滑；降下；下来；血统；遗传
He traces his descent from an old Norman family.
decent
adj体面的合适的
16. assume   resume   consume   presume
assume
vt.假定；假设
I assume you always get up at the same time.
采用；承担
to assume new duties
resume
n.摘要, 概略, <美> 履历
vt.再继续, 重新开始, 重新占用, 再用, 恢复
consume
vt., vi.吃，喝；消耗；消费；花费
His old car consumed much gasoline.
毁灭；烧毁
The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighbourhood.
presume
vt., vi.（常与that连用）假定；假设；认为
I presume from your speech that you are a foreigner.
You must presume no such thing.
当作；姑且认为
If a person is missing for 7 years, he is presumed dead.
（常与to + inf连用）放肆；擅作主张
A servant ought not to presume.
（与on, upon连用）指望；寄希望于…
We must not presume too mush on the reliability of such sources.
17. avocation   vocation   vacation
avocation
n.(个人)副业, 业余爱好
vocation
n.职业；行业；天职；使命
vacation
n.假期
I worked in a small beachside restaurant during the college vacation.
18 .authentic   authoritative
authentic
真实的：与事实相符并且值得相信、信赖的：
an authentic account by an eyewitness.
真正的：有着经证实的来源或创作者的；非伪造的或非复制的：
an authentic medieval sword.
一把真正的中世纪剑
authoritative
adj.官方的：有着或由政府发起的；官方的：
an authoritative decree; authoritative sources.
权威性的：拥有公认的精确性或优秀性的；极可信赖的：
an authoritative account of the revolution.
专断的：行使权力的；命令的：
the captain's authoritative manner.
19.adjoin   adjacent   adjourn
adjoin
vt.毗连；临近；贴近
Our house adjoins theirs.
adjacent
adj.(与to连用）相邻的，邻近的
adjourn
vt., vi.延期；休会，会议暂停
The meeting will be adjourned till next Wednesday.
20.admire   admiral
admire
v.赞美, 钦佩, 羡慕
admiral
n.海军上将, 舰队司令, 旗舰
21.adore    adorn
adore
vt.崇拜；敬爱；敬重；非常喜欢
He adores the cinema.
She adores going to the volleyball match.
adorn
vt.装饰
She likes to adorn herself with jewels.
增加…的重要性或吸引力
He tried to adorn his story with a lot of lies
22. appliance   applicant   application
appliance
n.用具, 器具
applicant
n.申请者, 请求者
application
n.请求, 申请, 申请表, 应用, 运用
23.alley  ally
alley
n.小路, 巷, (花园里两边有树篱的)小径
ally
v.结盟, 与...(在血统, 性质等上)有关联, 同盟
n.同盟国, 支持者
24.accession  access
accession
n.就职, 就任, 添加, 增加
access
n.通路, 访问, 入门
vt.存取, 接近
B
1. bull   bully
Bull
n.公牛, 粗壮如牛的人；乐观进取的人；胡扯；废话
bully
vt.威吓；欺侮；以强凌弱
He's always bullying smaller boys.
2.bandage  bondage
bandage  n.绷带
bondage  n.奴役，束缚
3.bread  bead
bread    n.面包
bead     n.珠子, 水珠  vt.祈祷
4.bump  dump  jump  hump  lump  plump  pump
bump
n.撞击, 肿块
v.碰(伤), 撞(破), 颠簸
dump
vt.倾倒(垃圾), 倾卸
n.堆存处
jump
n.跳跃, 上涨, 惊跳
vt.跳跃, 跃过, 突升, 使跳跃
vi.跳跃, 暴涨
hump
n.驼峰, 驼背, 小园丘, 峰丘
v.(使)隆起, 弓起
lump
n.块（尤指小块）, 肿块, 笨人
vt.使成块状, 混在一起.
plump
adj.圆胖的, 丰满的, 鼓起的
vt.突然放下, 使丰满, 使鼓起
vi.变丰满, 鼓起
pump
n.泵, 抽水机
vt.(用泵)抽(水), 抽吸
5.beach  breach   bleach
beach
n.海滨；湖滨；河滩
The little beach hotel has a pleasant ambien
breach
n.（常与of连用）违背；不履行；破坏
in breach of contract
Your company is in breach of the contract.
bleach
vt., vi.使变白
Did you bleach this tablecloth?
6.bride  bribe
bride  n 新娘
bribe   n  vt   贿赂
7.boom  broom
boom   n.v 繁荣    兴旺
broom   n 扫帚
8.buffet  buffer
buffet
n.餐具柜, 小卖部, 殴打, 打击
vt ①连续地打击②搏斗
buffer
vt 缓冲、缓和
C
1.censor   censure
censor
n.检查员
vt.检查, 审查
censure
v.责难
n.责难
2.cession   session
cession
n.割让, 转让, [律]让与(他人)债权
session
n.（官方机构的）会议，会期，开会期
The general session approved the report of the investigation committee.
学期；大学的学期
3.clash  crush  crash
clash
n.冲突, 撞击声, 抵触
the clash of weapons
clash of interests
a clash with the police
I failed to go to her wedding because it clashed with my examination.
战斗
It is broadcast that the two armies clashed near the borderline again before dawn.
vi., vt.冲突
The enemy armies clashed.
（事情）在时间上相冲突
It's a pity the two concerts clash.
（常与with连用）（色彩）不协调
This shirt clashes with your trousers.
crush
vt., vi.压碎；压坏；碾碎；挤压；塞
to crush one's way through the crowd
破坏；镇压；压服
to crush all opposition
crash
n.碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, 撞击声, 爆裂声
v.碰撞, 坠落, 坠毁, (指商业公司, 政府等)破产, 垮台
4.classic   classical
classic
n.杰作, 名著
adj.第一流的
classical
adj.古典的, 正统派的, 古典文学的
5.clench   clinch
clench
vt., vi.紧合；咬紧（牙关）；捏紧（拳头）
She clenched her teeth when she was operated on.
紧握；抓牢
The girl clenched her money in her hand.
clinch
vt., vi.敲弯钉头钉牢；钉住
把（木头）钉牢在一起
确定；决定（贸易等）；达成买卖或合同
The two companies clinched the deal quickly.
The offer of more money clinched it for her. She agree to undertake the job as the assistant to the managing director.
6.coarse   hoarse   roar
coarse
adj.粗的；粗糙的；未精炼的
（表面）不光滑的；粗织的
coarse cloth
粗鲁的；鲁莽的；不礼貌的
coarse talk
hoarse
adj.嘶哑的
His voice was hoarse after talking for an hour.
roar
n.吼声；咆哮声
the roar of an angry lion
The lion gave a loud roar.
7.canvass  canvas
canvas
n.粗帆布；一块油画布
The young artist showed me his recent canvases.
canvass
n.细查, 讨论, 劝诱
vt.彻底检查, 细究, 向...拉票或拉生意, 讨论
vi.游说, 拉选票
8.cannon  canon
cannon
n.加农炮；大炮
canon
n.教规，宗教法规
9.credible  credulous
credible
adj.可信的；可靠的
credulous
adj.轻信别人的
10.continual   continuous
continual
adj.over and over again; regular but interrupted;
连续的
Recently the young couple have continual arguments with each other for trifles.
continuous
adj. 不断的
continuing  without  stopping ;ceaseless
continuous rain all day
7.collide  collude
collide
vi.互撞；碰撞；（车、船等）猛撞
The two trains collided.
冲突；反对；强烈抵触(with)
collude
vi.共谋；勾结；串通(with)
8.comment   commend
comment
n.注释, 评论, 意见
vi.注释, 评论(on )
commend
vt.称赞, 表扬, 推荐, 委托, 吸引
9. compel  expel  propel  repel
compel
vt.强迫, 迫使
expel
vt赶走：驱逐或把…赶出去：
expel an invader.
排出：从容器里或象从容器里释放：
被迫离开；把…除名：
expelled the student from college for cheating.See Synonyms at eject
propel
vt.推进，推动；驱策
repel
vt.击退；逐退
to repel an attack
使厌恶；使反感
His accent repels me.
10.contemporary   temporary
contemporary
n.同时代的人
adj.当代的, 同时代的
temporary
adj.暂时的, 临时的, 临时性
11.contemptuous   contemptible
contemptuous
adj.（常与of连用）表示轻蔑的；傲慢的
a contemptuous look
contemptible
adj.卑劣的
It was contemptible of him to speak like that about a respectable teacher!
It was a contemptible trick to tell lies and play on an old friend!
12.confer   infer   refer   prefer   defer
confer
vt.授予(称号、学位等)on, 赠与, 把...赠与, 协议
v.协商, 交换意见(on)
The engineers and technicians are still conferring on the unexpected accident.
infer
vt.推断；推知；推论
to infer an unknown fact from a known fact
I infer from your letter that you have not made up your mind yet.
refer
vt., vi.（常与to 连用）涉及；提到；针对；有关
The new law does not refer to farm land.
提交；交付
The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers.
prefer
vt.（常与to连用）更喜欢；宁愿
to prefer coffee to t
Which of these two dresses do you prefer?
defer
vt.推迟；延期
vt.（与to连用）服从；顺从
Do you always defer to your parents wishes?
13.consequent  subsequent
consequent
adj.作为结果的
subsequent
adj.随后的，后来的；继起的
14.conventional   convenient
conventional
adj.惯例的, 常规的, 习俗的, 传统的
convenient
adj.便利的, 方便的
15.confidant    confidante   confident  confidential
confidant
n.知己男友
confidante
n.知己的女友
confident
adj.确信的；有信心的；自信的
Peter is confident of winning the post as the assistant to the managing director.
confidential
adj.机密的；秘密的
a confidential order
参与机密的；视为心腹的
a confidential secretary
16.convert   divert   invert   revert    reverse
convert
vt.（常与into连用）转变；变换
to convert an old house into a new o
That building has been converted into a school.
兑换
I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars.
改变信仰、党派或意见等
She managed to convert him to her opinion.
divert
vt.转向；转移
A ditch diverted water from the stream into the fields.
Traffic was ordered to divert to another road because of the repair of the main road.
The government is planning to divert the river to supply water to the town.
A loud noise from the street diverted my attention.
invert
vt.置于相反位置；上下倒置
The little boy caught the insect by inverting the cup over it.
revert
vi.（与to连用）恢复原状；回复；回到（原来话题）
（财产等）归复，归还
reverse
vt.倒退；倒转
He reversed the car.
翻转
She reversed the paper.
改变；使成相反的东西
He reversed the judgment and set the prisoner free after all.
17.counsel   consul    council
counsel
n.讨论, 商议, 辩护律师
vt.劝告, 忠告
consul
n.领事
council
n.政务会, 理事会, 委员会, 参议会, 讨论会议, 顾问班子, 立法班子
18.conscious    conscientious
conscious
adj.有意识的；神志清醒的
He is hurt but still conscious.
了解的；察觉的
She was not conscious of his presence in the room.
刻意的：故意设计或做的；刻意的：
a conscious insult; made a conscious effort to speak more clearly。
conscientious
adj.凭良心的；谨慎的；尽责的
a conscientious piece of work
Be conscientious and make a good job of publishing.
19.cosmic   comic
cosmic
adj.宇宙的
comic
n.滑稽演员
adj.滑稽的, 喜剧的
20.commerce   commence
commerce
n.商业
commence
v.开始, 着手
21.complexion    complex
complexion
n.面色, 肤色, 情况, 局面
complex
adj.复杂的, 合成的, 综合的
22.compulsive  compulsory
compulsive
adj.强制的, 强迫的, 由强迫产生的, 禁不住的
compulsory
adj.必需做的, 必修的, 被强迫的, 被强制的, 义务的
D
1.decease   disease
decease
n.vi.死亡
disease
n.疾病, 弊病
2.definite  definitive
definite
adj.明确的, 一定的
definitive
adj.最后的, 确定的, 权威性的
3.desert   dessert
desert
n.沙漠, 应得的赏罚, 功过
adj.沙漠的, 不毛的, 荒凉的
vt.放弃, 遗弃, 逃跑
vi.逃掉, 逃亡, 开小差
dessert
n.餐后甜点
4.desirable   desirous
desirable
adj.值得做的；值得想望的；值得弄到手的
It is most desirable that he should attend the conference.
desirous
adj.（与of连用）渴望的，想…的
5.diary   dairy
diary
n.日记
dairy
n.牛奶场, 奶品场, 售牛奶, 奶油
6.diploma    diplomat    diplomacy   diplomatic
diploma
n.文凭, 毕业证书, 证明权力、特权、荣誉等的证书, 奖状
diplomat
n.外交官, 有外交手腕的人, 有权谋的人
diplomacy
n外交
diplomatic
adj.外交的, 老练的
7.disclaim   reclaim   exclaim   proclaim   acclaim   claim
disclaim
v.放弃, 弃权, 拒绝
reclaim
vt.要求归还, 收回, 开垦
exclaim
v.呼喊, 惊叫, 大声叫
proclaim
vt.宣布, 声明, 显示, 显露
acclaim
vt.欢呼；欢呼着拥戴；欢呼着同意
claim
n.(根据权利提出)要求, 要求权, 主张, 要求而得到的东西
vt.(根据权利)要求, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要
8. discreet   discrete
discreet
adj.小心的, 慎重的, 有思虑的, 贤明的
discrete
adj.离散的；分立的；不连续的
9.distinct  distinctive
distinct
adj.清楚的, 明显的, 截然不同的, 独特的
distinctive
adj.与众不同的, 有特色的
10.donate   denote
donate
v.捐赠, 赠予
denote
vt.指示, 表示
11.dwindle   bewilder
dwindle
v.缩小
bewilder
vt.使迷惑, 使不知所措, 使昏乱
12.dual   duel
dual
adj.双的, 二重的, 双重
duel
n.决斗；两个人争斗；争辩；双方抗争
13.disinterested   uninterested
disinterested
adj.公正无私的；无偏见的；客观的
His action was not altogether disinterested.
uninterested
adj.不感兴趣的
Settle your own argument,I'm quite uninterested!
14.dissemble   disassemble
dissemble
vt, vi.隐藏，掩饰（思想、感情等）
disassemble
vt.解开,分解
E
1.eradicate  erase
eradicate
vt根除：连根撕碎；清除，扑灭，根绝：象连根拔起一样消灭：
Their goal was to eradicate poverty.
erase
vt擦掉，抹掉：通过用橡皮涂抹或刮除（写的字迹或图形等）
删除：从磁带或其它存储介质上消除掉（记录的信息）：
erased a file from the diskette.
erased the videocassette.
使忘却：象涂抹掉一样消除、消灭：
had to erase all thoughts of failure from his mind.
2. elicit   illicit   explicit   elite   implicit
elicit
vt诱出，引出（事实等）
illicit
adj.违法的
explicit
adj.清楚的, 明确的
elite
n.精英
implicit
adj.暗示的, 含蓄的，绝对的，完全的
3.eligible   illegible
eligible
adj.符合条件的, 合格的
Are you eligible to join this club
I know an eligible young lady who would be an excellent cooperator for you.
illegible
adj.难辨认的, 字迹模糊的
4.emergence   emergency
emergence
n.出现，显露，暴露
emergency
n.紧急情况, 突然事件, 非常时刻, 紧急事件
5.eminent   imminent   element  eliminate
eminent
adj.显赫的, 杰出的, 有名的, 优良的
imminent
adj.即将来临的, 逼近的
element
n.要素, 元素, 成分, 元件, 自然环境
eliminate
vt.排除, 消除
v.除去
6.erotic  exotic
erotic
adj.色情的
n.好色之徒
exotic
adj.外来的，外国来的，异乎寻常的
an exotic purple bird
7.exalt  exult
exalt
vt.赞扬；歌颂，提升；晋升
exult
vi.狂喜；欢跃
The people exulted at the victory.
The people all over the country exulted in the success in launching a new satellite.
8. exhaustive   exhausted   exhausting
exhaustive
adj.彻底的, 详尽的
to make an exhaustive study
An exhaustive investigation of the facts proves the contrary.
exhausted
adj.(令人）耗尽的, 疲惫的
exhausting
adj.使用尽的, 令人疲乏不堪的
F
1.facility   facilitate
facility
n.灵巧，熟练
He has great facility in learning languages.
Her facility with / in languages is surprising.
(pl) 设施，设备
There are facilities for cooking in the kitchen.
Are there washing facilities in the school?
facilitate
vt.使容易；使便利
It would facilitate matters if you were more co-operative。
The new underground railway will facilitate the journey to all parts of the city.
2. fiance   fiancee   finance
fiance
n.未婚夫
fiancee
n.未婚妻
finance
n.财政, 金融, 财政学
vt.供给...经费, 负担经费
vi.筹措资金
G
1.genius   genus   genuine
genius
n.天才, 天赋, 天才人物
genus
n.种类；属
genuine
adj.真实的, 真正的, 诚恳的，非伪造的
2. graceful   gracious
graceful
adj.（身体的姿态和动作）优美的，优雅的
a graceful young girl
a graceful young cat
得体的
gracious
adj.亲切的；和蔼的；慈祥的
She welcomed her guests in a gracious manner.
优裕的；舒适的
gracious living
H
1.hammer   hamper
hammer
n.铁锤, 槌, 锤子
v.锤击, 锤打
hamper
vt妨碍，阻碍
The snow hampered my movements.
2.heroin   heroine
heroin
n.海洛因, 吗啡
heroine
n.女英雄, 女主人公
3.hypercritical   hypocritical
hypercritical
adj.过分苛求的，吹毛求疵的
hypocritical
adj.伪善的，虚伪的
hypocritical praise.
a hypocritical rogue.
I
1. illusion   allusion
illusion
n.幻觉；幻影；错觉
I have no illusions about his ability.
allusion
n.提及, 暗示
2.imitate   intimate   intimidate   initiate
imitate
vt.效法；模仿
The little boy imitated his father.
James can imitate his teacher's speech perfectly.
模拟；假装；学
Parrots imitate human speech.
仿制
Wood is often painted to imitate stone.
intimate
adj.亲近的；亲密的；熟悉的
intimate friends
Do you believe these two intimate friends used to be mutual sworn enemies?
个人的；私人的
an intimate diary
intimidate
vt.胁迫；威迫
He said he would never be intimidated by big names and authorities.
initiate
vt.开始, 发动, 传授
v.开始, 发起
3. imperial   imperious   empirical
imperial
adj.帝王的；帝国的
imperious
adj.傲慢的；专横的；紧急的
empirical
adj.完全根据经验的, 经验主义的
4.indigenous   indignant
indigenous
adj.土产的；本地的
Kangaroos are indigenous to Australia.
indignant
adj.愤怒的, 愤慨的
5. incomparable   uncomparable
incomparable
adj.无与伦比的, 卓越的
uncomparable
adj.(两者由于无共同特性）无法比较的
6.ingenuous  ingenious
ingenuous
adj.坦白的, 自然的, 直率的
ingenious
adj.机灵的, 有独创性的, 精制的, 具有创造才能
7. inhabit   inhibit
inhabit
vt.居住
a district sparsely inhabited
inhibit
vt.（常与from连用）阻止；抑制
an inhibited person
8. interference   inference
interference
n.干涉；阻挠
inference
n.推论，推断；推断的结果，结论
9.imaginative   imaginary   imaginable
imaginative
adj.富于想象的；有想象力的
imaginative writers
imaginary
adj.想象的；虚构的
He told a story about an imaginary land.
imaginable
adj.可想象的, 可能的
10.immense   immerse
immense
adj.极大的
He made an immense amount of money in business.
The performance was immense.
immerse
vt.（常与in连用）浸入
immerse one's head in the water
（常与in连用）沉浸于；沉溺于
The professor was so immersed in her work that she didn't notice me.
The whole town was immersed in a festival atmosp
J
1.judicious   judicial
judicious
adj.明智的；有判断力的；有见识的
judicial
adj.司法的, 法院的, 公正的, 明断的
2.literature   literary
literal
adj.精确的
a literal account of a conversation
逐字翻译的，照字面的；原意的
literate
n.学者
adj.有文化的，有阅读和写作能力的
literature
n.文学(作品), 文艺, 著作, 文献
literary
adj.文学的著作的；研究文学的文言的
3.little   litter
little
n.少许, 一会儿, 短时间
adj.很少的, 矮小的, 短暂的, 琐碎的
adv.很少, 稍微, 完全不
litter
n.垃圾
vt.乱丢, 铺草, 弄乱
vi.产仔, 乱丢垃圾
4.loot   root
loot
v.掠夺, 抢劫, 劫掠
n.掠夺物, 战利品, 抢劫
root
n.根, 根部, 根本, 根源
v.(使)生根, (使)扎根, 使立定不动, 坚定不移, 确立
5.luxuriant   luxurious
luxuriant
adj.繁茂的；丰富的
Luxuriant forests covered the hillside.
多产的
luxurious
adj.舒适的；豪华的
a luxurious hotel
奢侈的；贪图享受的
She had luxurious habits.
M
1. massage   message
massage
vt.按摩；推拿
message
n.消息；音信
I have sent mother a message to tell her I shall be home late.
There's a message for you from your cousin.
要旨；要点
the message of this book
2.material   materiel
material
n.材料, 原料, 物资, 素材, 布料
adj.物质的, 肉体的, 具体的, 重要的, 实质性的
materiel
n.军用品，装备，设施
3.mediate    meditate
mediate
vi.（常与between连用）调停；斡旋
meditate
vi.（常与on /upon连用）考虑；深思；冥想；反省；策划；仔细计划
4.moral    morale
moral
adj.道德(上)的, 精神的
n.道德
morale
n.士气, 民心
N
1.negligible    negligent
negligible
adj.可以忽略的, 不予重视的
negligent
adj.疏忽的, 粗心大意的
2.notable   noticeable
notable
adj.显著的, 著名的
noticeable
adj.显而易见的
The hole in your trousers is not noticeable.
O
1.official   officious
official
n.官员, 公务员
adj.职务上的, 公务的, 官方的, 正式的
officious
adj.爱发命令的；专横的；好出主意的
2. optional   optical   optimal
optional
adj.可选择的, 随意的
optical
adj.眼的, 视力的, 光学的
optimal
adj.最佳的, 最理想的
3.ordinance  ordnance
ordinance
n.法令；条例
ordnance
n.大炮；炮兵；军械；军需品
P
1. perpetrate  perpetuate
perpetrate
vt.作（恶）；犯（罪）；为（非）
perpetuate
vt.使永存, 使不朽
2.persecute   prosecute
persecute
vt.迫害
prosecute
vt.告发；检举
He was prosecuted for robbery.
3.perspective   prospective
perspective
n.远景, 前途, 观点；看法, 观点
prospective
adj.未来的；盼望中的；预期的
prospective benefits
4.physicist   physician
physicist
n.物理学者, 唯物论者
physician
n.医生；内科医生
5. popular   populace   populous
popular
adj.通俗的, 流行的, 受欢迎的
populace
n平民；大众；老百姓
populous
adj.人口多的, 人口稠密的
6.portable    potable
portable
adj.轻便的, 手提(式)的, 便携式的
potable
adj.适于饮用的
n.饮料
7.practicable   practical
practicable
adj.能实行的, 行得通的, 可以实行的
practical
adj.实际的, 实践的, 实用的, 应用的, 有实际经验的
8.principal   principle
principal
n.负责人, 首长, 校长, 主犯, 本金
adj.主要的, 首要的
principle
n.法则, 原则, 原理
9.profile   profit
profile
n.剖面, 侧面, 外形, 轮廓
profit
n.利润, 益处, 得益
vi.得益, 利用
vt.有益于, 有利于
10.peel  peep   peek  peer
peel  n 果皮  vt  vi 削皮，剥落
peep  n  vi 偷看、窥视(at)
peek  n  vi 偷看、窥视(at)
peer  vi 凝视（at）
10.promise   premise
promise
vt.允诺, 答应
n.允诺, 答应, 许诺
premise
n.前提
vt.提论, 预述, 假定
vi.作出前提
11.proper   prosper
proper
adj.正当的；适当的
prosper
vi., vt.发达繁荣；昌盛
His company is prospering.
12.prescribe   proscribe
prescribe
vt., vi.开药方；处方；命令；规定
The law prescribes what should be done.
proscribe
vt.禁止；放逐
13.personality   personalty
personality
n.人格；个性
a strong personality
personalty
n.个人财产
14.parish   perish
parish
n.教区；行政教区；地方自治区
（熟知该区情况的警察、出租汽车司机的）工作区域
perish
vi., vt.死；暴卒；毁灭；损坏；枯萎
Flowers perish when frost comes.
R
1.responsive   responsible
responsive
adj.（常与to连用）反应的；易反应的
She is responsive to kindness.
responsible
adj.（常与to, for连用）有责任的；应负责任的
The bus driver is responsible for the passengers safety.
2.reward   award
reward
n.报酬, 奖金
vt.酬劳, 奖赏
award
vt.颁奖，授奖
The school awarded Merry a prize (for her good work).
S
1.sanction   sanitation
sanction
n.批准；允许；认可；制裁；处罚；约束力
Poetry is one of the sanctions of life.
sanitation
n.公共卫生；保持公共卫生；公共卫生设施
2. secret   secretive
secret
n.秘密, 秘诀, 奥秘
adj.（事物）秘密的, 隐秘的, 幽静的、
secretive
adj.(人）守口如瓶的
3.sob   sober   somber
sob
v.哭诉, (风等)发呜咽声, 哭泣
n.呜咽, 哭泣
sober
adj.未醉的；清醒的;审慎的；严肃的；庄重的;不加装饰的；朴素无华的
somber
adj.忧郁的，郁闷的;阴暗的；幽暗的
4.solemn   sole
solemn
adj.庄严的, 隆重的, 严肃的
sole
adj.单独的, 唯一的
n.脚底, 鞋底, 基础
v.换鞋底
5.status   statute    stature   statue
status
n.身份, 地位, 情形, 状况
statute
n.法令, 条例
stature
n.身高, 身材
statue
vt.以雕像装饰
n.雕像
6.stationary    stationery
stationary
adj.固定的；不动的
Wait until the bus is stationary before you get off.
stationery
n.文具, 信纸
7.stimulate  simulate   simultaneous  spontaneous   instantaneous
stimulate
vt.激励，鼓励；使兴奋
simulate
vt.模拟, 模仿；假装, 冒充
simultaneous
adj.同时的, 同时发生的
spontaneous
adj.（行为）自发的，无意识的
（现象）自然产生的
The eruption of a volcano is spontaneou
The two suddenly embraced in a spontaneous gesture of affection.
instantaneous
adj.瞬间的, 即刻的, 即时的
8.subside   subsidy   subsidize   subsist
subside
vi.（土地）下陷，凹陷
（恶劣的气候或其他激烈的情况）平息，消退，平静
下沉；落下；坐下
subsidy
n.补贴；补助金
subsidize
vt.资助；津贴
subsist
vi.生存；维持生活
9.summit   submit
summit
n.顶点, 最高阶层
adj.政府首脑的
vi.参加最高级会议的
submit
v.(使)服从, (使)顺从
vt.提交, 递交
10.synonymous    anonymous    unanimous
synonymous
adj.（后面与with连用）同义的
anonymous
adj.匿名的
unanimous
adj.全体一致的，无异议的
He was elected with unanimous approval.
一致通过的
The whole school was unanimous in its approval of the head-master's plan.
11.surpass    trespass     compass
surpass
vt.超越, 胜过
trespass
vi.（常与on, upon连用）非法侵入；
The farmer said we were trespassing.
（与on连用）侵扰，打扰
I won't trespass upon your time any longer.
compass
n.指南针;类似指南针的仪器;圆规；两脚规
T
1.terminate   exterminate
terminate
vt., vi.终止；终结；结束
a display of fireworks that terminated the festivities.
The oil pipeline terminates at a shipping port. Negotiations terminated yesterday
exterminate
vt消灭；杀绝
2.terrorist   territory
terrorist
n.恐怖分子
territory
n.领土；版图；领地
3.temper  temperate  temperature  temperament   temperance  temperamental
temper
n.脾气；性情；心情
in a good temper
心情好；闹情绪；发脾气
He's in a temper today.
temperate
adj.有节制的, 适度的, 戒酒的；(气候)温和的
temperature
n.温度
temperament
n.气质；性情；性格
temperance
n.节欲, 戒酒, 禁酒, (气候等的)温和
temperamental
adj.出自本性的；本质的；喜怒无常的；易冲动发火的

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