博士生考试基础词汇汇总 V$+xJ m
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. l'(Cxhf.W
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay Z
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desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up \CL |=8[2
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) I;L$Nf{v
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay /J8AnA1
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. )]!Ps` ,u
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with y>u+.z a|
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. r^&{0c&o
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with t(Cd
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game B} gi /
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. )__vPPko i
Way/approach/solution/answer/ X(1nAeQ
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand ?};}#%971
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) B @UaaWh
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to _$0<]O$
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently {
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Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind O:RPH{D
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement 57)S"
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) 8N!E`{W
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure <m`HK.|~
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active He is very active in politics. wQ*vcbQX*
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic Q4TI '/
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. gT'c`3Gkz
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit wZh&w<l'
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) '73dsOTIT
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. *&+e2itmp
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) )(9>r/bq
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. 7qA0bUee5
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample L|qQZ=
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. _:Tjq
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Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns
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Aim His aim is to win the game. U>IllNd
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. Uy5IvG;O+
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up sHyhR:
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang Ah;2\0|t
Figure/digit/measure D!h8NZ;El
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. C~ t?<
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon n`2d
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. $HF. 02{|
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up ]@Y8 !
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. q&Y'zyHLP
sum/measure/quantity/price/value l~;H~h!h/
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect R
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/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment p~6/+ap
theory/outlook "~(qp_AI
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. k__i Jsk
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown _ui03veA1
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. 3('=+d[}Vw
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for Xf!@uS6<X
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all reR ><p
fft FNHP
Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. fOJ0#^Z
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain N-`Vb0;N
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. $3<,"&;Ecs
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. 4YDK`:4I~
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition >$SP2(Y~
4)0 %^\p
Hewas appointed member of the committee. d0Xb?-
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Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor RO[Ko-m|/N
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg :f%FM&b
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. oJa6)+b(3
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. xFxl9oM."
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove !+T\}1f7d
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. :MeshzWK
Riseraise rouse arouse arise u$ [R>l9
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. !<r+h,C
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating ,:g.B\'Q
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. r@N 0
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. S<}2y 9F
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate uD4=1g6[s
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. r=GF*i[3
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted uC\FW6K=m
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assure I can assure you of my support. Rs
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confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise .5Y%I;~v
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. [ZwZGAP
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete nQ|4.e;
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe *r!f! eA:
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. zJ{?'kp
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from 89@\AjI
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. %bI(
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct n}==
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale ;\`~M
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. <>aBmJs4
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. 4R!A.N 9
ground foundation |\ Nj
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. AH`n
As soon as before the second the minute the moment xt]Z{:.
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Youcan’t blame all this on me.
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Heis the last one to blame for the accident. L(!4e
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn <%eY>E
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals F\1nc"K/(
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team ".L+gn}u-
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off %VYQz)yW
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boom Production boomed. ${'gyD
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper Vzy]N6QT{
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short \C.%S +
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Weare bound for London. Head make PK1j$&F
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to E%eao$
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction qG"|,bA
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) aKs!*uo0H
Theyhave called off their engagement. 47I:o9E
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. s#w+^Mw$
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful YVVX7hB
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Weshould not doubt his capability. ,4j$kR
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency =1^a/
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. x6HebIR+
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation ]6OrL
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. Td[w<m+p<P
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process yP0P-8
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition o0 -e,F>u
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center She centered her attention on the problem. *p?b "{_a
Focus concentrate fix p@i U}SUaE
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. &_4A6
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment 'G(N,vu[@
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. :EgdV
flexible changeable changing 6AUzS4O
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. #
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Selection/preference/option/alternative miS+MK"
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. C*Ws6s>+z
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. ^\N2
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Stick adhere hold grasp ~$r^Ur!E\
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. P05_\
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Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. o*p7/KvoT
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. W\eB
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key ]`m|A1(
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. PNc200`v4_
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join 5\|[)~b
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark pbqa
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark )>\Ne~%
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate 44%::Oh
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast _"WQi}Mm
Poetshave compared sleep to death. @.0jC=!l
Sheis lovely beyond compare. I5x/N.
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. +e?ixvld
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. a S<JsB
Comparable/comparative m@zxjIwT
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. ;U20g:K
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt 55$by.rf?
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Hehas formed a good habit. a3O_8GU
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build mD )Nh
Assemble/manufacture/produce %{HqF>=~
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required .5dZaI)
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. P%/+?(?
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise ]AHUo;(f%
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comprehensive/Comprehensible @EZXPU
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. Q]|+Y0y}X
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware ,$}Q
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. EI_J7J+
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic KX9ZwsC0
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful \/$v@5
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. st+Kz uK
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel =Wjm_Rvk9
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. HFDg@@
continuously vs continually C u?$!|V
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express >eEf|tKO
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. Qy$QOtrv
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with G6J3F
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correspond hT
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Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. :heJ5*!,
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. utTek5/
Matter be of importance significant wXZ-%,R-D
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. gTq-\k(
believe depended count confide rely depend bank /;lk.-yU
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. F-R`'{ ka
Crucial urgent pressing decisive _<~05Eh
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic hlVP_h"z
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. 6
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Remind relieve inform deprive rob break IM#+@vv
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Itis not my custom to give in. PY2`RZ/ @
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature z_H2L"Z
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. &l.^UQ
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress j NY8)w_
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish <V,?!}V
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. Q
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Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce /X:lt^?%I
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. ^d"J2n,7L
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. f4_\F/
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent -3V~YhG
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. `~RV
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover T/K.'92S
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. zm:=d>D..
Demand/require/callfor 1Q%.-vs
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. q^cF D
refuse decline rejects turn down Pjy?&;GvT
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. D7.P
Thestorms are dying down.
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Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. Lwcw%M]
Themembers of the family had all died off. ]~zJ7I
Thisspecies has died out. zJ:r0Bt
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Canyou describe what he looks like? =tNiIU
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell ##_Za6/n
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. TxvPfU?
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious ,OCTm%6e
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. %MJ7u}
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous \i+h P1mz
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. hyKg=Foq
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ 5Nb_K`Vp*
throwaway/cast off/get rid of LwPM7S~
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. SU'9+=_$
Herwritings display natural talents. X@&uu0JJ
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present KL mB
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. b6Hk20+B;
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar Pu*HZW3l
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. 6a7iLQA
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct 4_I{Q^f
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Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. _0q~s@-
distinguish tell separate divide Ww&- `.
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. ].P(/~FS9
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized ]3,.g)U*m
/prominent/important/superior F6c[v|3
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. bM0[V5:jB
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold {dx /p-Tv
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive M|#5gKXd
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. F2`htM@,
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray 1R%`i'$/
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. iynS4]`U
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull rKQASRF5*
draw pull drag push heave lift haul $jed{N7Y
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing bjPbl2K
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Shedrove her car into the forest.
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Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride uz#PBV8Q
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage i$JG^6,O
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop ,B~lwF
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. %g0z)J
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong @nx}6?p\,
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Itis your duty to go. c2/R]%`)9
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role H ZDaV&)@
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort uspkn1-
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Heis living an easy life now. comfortable tt7PEEf
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. $m:2&lU3
economic/economical/economy N[,VSO&
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Hewent to a very good elementary school. &e-#|p#v
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive '&-5CpDUs
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. "ep `
Theacid has no effect on the metal. pcI&
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. &G-#*OG
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. `1fJ:b/M
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. dThR)Z'=
effect force power practice y+4?U
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. aF&r/j+}o
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire {D_++^
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. E-UB -"6
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. /d0Q>v.g
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. IL~]m?'V(
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. >Z#uFt0<Pm
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. e[x?6He,$
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. Nb~,`bu,2
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. oLgg
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight.
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Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. UWQtvQ
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He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. Err4
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entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower v6wRME;JA
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Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. Yo >`h2C4
equip provide 4bP13f
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive !Tv?%? 2l
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. V?OuI
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exert practice exercise impose avail ?n)Xw)]
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. z)}3**3'y
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent +`ai1-vw
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come &=YSM.G
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Devotionis essential for work. e|yX QTlvL
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable KacR?Al
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent vB^uxdt|m
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Nothingis everlasting. yH^f\u0
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood )B6# A0
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Thebird extended its wings in flight. ~8TF*3[}[
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify ^o YPyk`9
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Hernose is a very attractive feature. _g[-=y{Bb
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark k0L] R5W
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? zCt\o
Inthe favor L7]]ZAH!1
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. ND5$bq Nu?
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot 3Hw[s0[$
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. zzJja/mp
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. rFey4zzz
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. <C'Z H'p
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders :Xfn@>;3ui
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. ^/toz).Q
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant &$=! dA
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. gzf-)J
Understand comprehend catch on get e4\dpvL
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. ~}'F887 f
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout A_R!uRD8-
/handout/turn in 6S1m<aH6
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. .TpsJXF
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent Q`ME@vz
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Theygrouped together in fours. eKG2*CV
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate D#Kuo$
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter 5M F#&v
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across [
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Hernew film is quite a hit. success V
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Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect n V&cC
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. rD
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Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. IG ~`i I
Shealways holds to her convictions. *O~e
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Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. zjl!9M!
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic.
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There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. xHA0gZf
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up viX
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as E_T2z4lw
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Ifonly I were rich! QzvHm1,@
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. H`9Uf)
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Immoralvs amoral 49H+(*@v@
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. p'_%aVm7
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Itwas he that initiated this project. =c.5874A`
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice s$ENFp7P
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. '7^M{y/dU
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) Fb22p6r
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Weare in for trouble. JF&$t}
Heknow the ins and outs of the problem. \MC-4Yz
Privatizationis thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. \>LnLH(
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thought On second thoughts, I am inclined to agreewith you. 5#_tE<uM
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trace Her fear of water can traced back to achildhood accident. @+^c"=d1S
trade he traded in his car for a new model. E' %lxr
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what he said is true. JCQ:+eqt
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Bythe way, have you heard that George is emigrating to Australia?
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