博士生考试基础词汇汇总 bO` SBq$
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. `W:z#uNG]
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay 8'"=y}]H~
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up T#<Q[h=
M@z_tR'3\
abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) unih"};ou
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay CTS1."kx1
\n`/?\r.z
Youhave to keep ______ with the times. c'>_JlG~
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with & 'CUc/,
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. c5_/i7
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with Eq%f`Qg+1E
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game Re2&qxE
T 5F)
access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. Gr 4v&Mz:
Way/approach/solution/answer/ :..WL;gC
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand kno[ !A7_6
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) ZS%W/.?
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to ;NH^+h
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently r6nnRN/S=
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind l2kGFgc
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement sPG500=)
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) }h=PW'M{
L$i:~6
acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure J&s$Wqf
O5aXa_A_u
active He is very active in politics. lKB9n}P
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic } lDX3h
%S"85#R5E
adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. k qL.ZR
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit x+j@YWDpG"
aG83@ABx
accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) &y}7AV
9=~ZA{0J
admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. 8}m J)9<7
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) +]nIr'V
4qz+cB_
adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. Y X^c}t}U
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample W2#<]]-
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. uE41"?GS
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns W~0rSVD$<z
y $\tqQ
Aim His aim is to win the game. [B#XA}w
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination $Yt
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. CYLab5A
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up Yu\$Y0 {]
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang R\5,H!V9n
Figure/digit/measure Q $}#&
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. xy7A^7Li
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon ;ND$4$
3"7Q[9Oj
amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. JFVx&
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up | J3'#7
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. =^rt?F4
sum/measure/quantity/price/value } +}nrJv
1H-Y3G>jN
angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect KsP2./N
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment ZKXE7p
i
theory/outlook 1`K-f
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. ICN>kJ\;M
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown {&n- @$?
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. |O_JUl
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for +d6onO{8
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all JB~^J5#[Oh
9 8|sWI3B
Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. -`PziGl@<
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain T]De{nH u
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. lV$JCNe
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. [=>=5'-
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition [[ie
qLmzA@Cv
Hewas appointed member of the committee. Kz"3ba}KH
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor (SyD)G\rj
1,wcf,
appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg e_=K0fFz
*6/IO&y1a
apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. ^cYB.oeu
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. INN}xZ
u}iuf_
approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove <N vw*yA
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of lp
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. [7vV#s3kJ
Riseraise rouse arouse arise ZM.'W}J{*
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up zKd@Ab
CPOHqK`k
artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. i(j/C
5%I3eL%s
ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating .?45:Ey~g
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. [Z$H<m{c-
B->AY.&j
acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. ''nOXl
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate ?@'&<o0p#
RCWmdR#}V
Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. >jI.$%L$
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted sy"}25s
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assure I can assure you of my support. A8m06
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise ]}v]j`9m%
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. U ]<l-~|
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete "8f4s|@3
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe 5NhFjPETr
[M\ an6h6O
avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. \BnU?z
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from ^QS`H@+Z
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. %,T*[d&i
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct _*o<<C\E
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale kvwnqaX
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. *`H*@2
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. @ VWED
ground foundation h3@tZL#g
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. CTNL->
As soon as before the second the minute the moment 91]|4k93
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. 5MnP6(3$
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. JQ%hh&M\0
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn LzU'6ah';5
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals GQbr}xX.#
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team m!xvWqY+
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off VEgtN}
bWo
boom Production boomed. F*KQhH7Gf
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper 4t[7lL`Z
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short .aNh>`OT'
lAN&d;NU6Z
Weare bound for London. Head make %
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Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to %E_Y4Oe1
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction TanWCt4r
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) <O+GXJ2
Theyhave called off their engagement. \*t\=4
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. d ~M;
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful -YQh
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Weshould not doubt his capability. \Eh5g/,[
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency ~<_#%R!
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. D/E5&6
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. YhH3f VM
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process \aJ>?
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition 4 ?BQ&d
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center She centered her attention on the problem. Zz} o t
Focus concentrate fix Y^]n>X
r^Ra`:ca
chargeThe charge against him was severe. .f$2-5q
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment a~yiLq
sNx_9pJs4
Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. ]pm/5|
flexible changeable changing K["rr/
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. _EMXx4J
Selection/preference/option/alternative Ihf>FMl:
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. i5 r<CxS
_7N?R0j^9N
cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. UovN"8W+
Stick adhere hold grasp e^*&&
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. >C,0}lj
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out.
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. | K|AUI
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key %
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. 3q4VH q
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join *ssw`}yE'
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark JRBz/ j
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark =9,mt
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate _9D]1f=&
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast V@+sNM
Poetshave compared sleep to death. XSx!11
Sheis lovely beyond compare. o?O ZsA
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. k4&adX@
Y
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. @}jg5}
Comparable/comparative Nj4r[5K
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. 9Cd=^
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Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt Wv3p!zW3I
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Hehas formed a good habit. D7R;IA-w
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build H^*[TX=#[
Assemble/manufacture/produce Z3zD4-p$_
UptKN|S&V
Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required "@ZwDg`
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. M+-odLltw
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise 1OY
5tq
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comprehensive/Comprehensible =H-BsX?P
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. 3-y2i/4}$
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware varaBFD
heES
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. M;g"rpM
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic 4,`t9f^:
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful Ng&K5
Z/
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. Nc EPPl0I
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel !y1qd
W'zI~'K
Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. UZJs!#P
continuously vs continually .4z_ohe
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express ,=u!hg
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. 1OFrxSg
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with \!)1n[N
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correspond 0d,&)
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. CrGDo9JdvT
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. *]S&V'Di
Matter be of importance significant F @!9rl'
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. b
9l%5a
believe depended count confide rely depend bank NW*$+u%/R
GZiN&}5e
critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. 7@!ne&8Z?
Crucial urgent pressing decisive %vWh1-
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic H1ox>sC
sc# q03
cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. u$V@akk
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break `Yo!sgPO\
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Itis not my custom to give in. ~hQTxLp
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature ^' b[#DG>F
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. )cRP6 =
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress X_
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grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish [G}l;
uRRp8hht
decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. iy,jq5uw
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce ":Ll.=!
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. mRD '@n
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. aL0,=g%
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent %D<>F&h
b#{[Pk,w9
deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. &6#Ft]6~
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover 3q$"`w
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. 5(&'/U^
Demand/require/callfor kmF@u@
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. #TKByOcD2!
refuse decline rejects turn down ~{gV`nm=J
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. =S}SZYwl
Thestorms are dying down. m?
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Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. Zdll}nO"E
Themembers of the family had all died off. md`"zV
Thisspecies has died out. 9w( Wtw'
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Canyou describe what he looks like? zDx*R3%
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell QcG-/_,'}
z~O:w'(g
Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. tg'2v/
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious a\?-uJ+
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. 4vbtB2
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous Bi$nYV)-l
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. s\A
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Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ lzup! `g
throwaway/cast off/get rid of hqVxvS"
9s@$P7N5B
display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. Tkf
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Herwritings display natural talents. EsKOzl[c:
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present X|Z2"*;b`
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. #Z>EX?VS:
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar N#zh$0!8bJ
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. g;G]X
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Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct 40)Ti
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Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. 8-cCWoc
distinguish tell separate divide ;;? Zd
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. @_4E^KgF
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized l6#ms!e
/prominent/important/superior .T|1l$Jn
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. k;c>=B)e
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold 1}Mdo&:t
Tj
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive Z/~7N9?m(
y $6~&X
Herefused to disclose his name and address. `@)>5gW&p
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray Cr#Z.
^DH*\ee
Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. WO]9\"|y
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull Hu-Y[~9^L:
draw pull drag push heave lift haul NGq@x%T
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing -jdhdh
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Shedrove her car into the forest. b^q8s4(
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride u-%|ZSg
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage }$E341@
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop Q$lgC
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. S<nf"oy_K
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong 5[5
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Itis your duty to go. yi&6HNb
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role X4I+
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort 4Mck/i2
c%x9.s<+1
Heis living an easy life now. comfortable U *K6FWqiB
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. %Zb
dWHO#
economic/economical/economy tB)nQw7
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Hewent to a very good elementary school. *VV#o/Qp
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive =;A>1g$
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. {baG2Fe1`b
Theacid has no effect on the metal.
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Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. )\RG
NJMC
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. o*sss
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. +%!'~
effect force power practice Ou7nk:I@
8Ao-m38
Sheencouraged him to take this examination. iBh.&K{j
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire <i~=-Z(
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. vww>] Z}
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. zGaqYbQD
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. MREB
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. X4CiVV
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. WX4f3Um
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. !uW;Ea?
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. /*e6('9s
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. ~xt]g zp{
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. ^H`4BWc
p
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He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. aNUMF
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower oq9gFJG(
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Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. Y?AvcY.
equip provide ]jSRO30H3<
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive Q9k;PJ`@
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. 8Om4G]*|,
exert practice exercise impose avail 3,0b<vf
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. j[4l'8Ek
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent %gu |
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come .UYhj8
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Devotionis essential for work. e"|ZTg+U
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable "a-;?S&
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent pP%9MSCi
vi]cl=S
Nothingis everlasting. |3BxNFe`%
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood LtGjHB\+
r-No\u_
Thebird extended its wings in flight. &q +l5L"
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify :qj7i(
fo~>y
Hernose is a very attractive feature. N%9?8X[5
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark [WI'oy
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? |CAMdU
Inthe favor <j1r6.E)
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous %~[@5<p
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. r}}2Kl
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot e/x6{~ju^N
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. Rm`P.;%
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. N*+WGsxl$z
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. _na/&J6
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders 6{I6'+K~
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. IaKJ W?
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant 1jE {]/Y7&
ab`9MJc;
Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. ~[=d{M!$W
Understand comprehend catch on get \-sW>LIA
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. 6}~k4;'}A
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout ;@
G ^eQ
/handout/turn in 6n~)
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. pfw`<*e'
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent wPq9`9 #
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Theygrouped together in fours. E!uQ>'iq.
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate U.h2 (-p
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter nM *}VI
x U"g~hT
hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across iP@FXJJ
Hernew film is quite a hit. success A8-a}0Gh
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect !yr4B"kz
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. CIf@G>e-
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. CD5% iFy
Shealways holds to her convictions. D!ASO]
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. u~>G8y)k9O
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. Lf%=vd
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. i`W~-J
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up C%{2 sMJ
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as HF"TS*
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Ifonly I were rich! wLb:FB2
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. (h=]
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Immoralvs amoral Zu~w:uNmU
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. q2'}S
A/
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Itwas he that initiated this project. <&g