博士生考试基础词汇汇总 ]33>m|?@
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. W1|0Yd ;P
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay .jk@IL
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up 9|gr0~j
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt)
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Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay a
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. sE Q=dcK
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with #0P$M!%
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall.
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engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with /2=#t-p+
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game j/f?"VEr
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. w1OI4C)~
Way/approach/solution/answer/ |yQZt/*SOZ
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand Kgi<UkFP
N D(/uyI
Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) zxbpEJzpn
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to x7jC)M<k0
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently 2(u,SQ
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind <UV1!2nv*
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement <SgM@0m
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) \n8]M\<
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure jV>raCK_
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active He is very active in politics.
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Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic )z73-M V"
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. \N!AXD
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit p?
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) 6:Ch^c+IZ
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. [SHXJ4P*
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) Kwefs;<E?
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. -8:&>~4`
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample q|o}+Vr
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. k2c}3 MeP
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns /<@SFF .
96 q_K84K
Aim His aim is to win the game. 87<-kV
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination i]Fp..`v~
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. !V"<U2
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up t]y
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Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang ud xZ0
Figure/digit/measure ]+|~cRQ9I
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. #w,D
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Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon 6l5:1|8b,!
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. xIxn"^'
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up -~v|Rt
wF <n=
Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. N}pw74=1
sum/measure/quantity/price/value rqdE6y+^
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect -R57@D>j\
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment &j4 xgh 9
theory/outlook IPgt|if^
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. k"NVV$;
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown ]z l[H7
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. 9[G[$c
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for Z&|Kki*
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all =bHD#o|R
@xbQ Ye%J
Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. f
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apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain kL
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c17_2 @N
apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. oJ4AIQjB
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. 0URji~?|x
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition 5<UVD:~z
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. 1UE6 4Kl:S
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor pov)Z):}G<
89o/F+ _b
appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg ;~D)~=|ZZ
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. =zKhz8B(
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. BDR.AZ
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove Y*H|?uNF
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of RLLTw ?]$
vvKEv/pN7
ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. PX<J&rx
Riseraise rouse arouse arise cVv;Jn
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up 0l-Ef1
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. x
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating 1 D<_N
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. wtH?
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. UrYZ`J
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate )u/yF*:n
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. li0i"
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted IHJ=i-
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assure I can assure you of my support. -Xxqm%([71
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise rzh#CnL3
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. &:, dJ
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete ~:3QBMk::
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe U2ZD]q
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. $aN&nhoO<
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from )tl.s)"N
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. br
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Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct n(L\||#+
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale *7h!w!LN~
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. ;ByOth|9P
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. US%^#D q
ground foundation "Q?k'^@
w*|7!iM
Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. L30$%G|
As soon as before the second the minute the moment k31I ysh
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. OBP1B@|l$+
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. k}0^&Quc4
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn >B2q+tA
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals jMN[J|us51
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team %B)6$!x
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off y:h}z).
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boom Production boomed. &_gTD
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper }LijnHH.
Eyh51IB.
brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short j`*#v
~2zMkVH
Weare bound for London. Head make NSFs\a@1
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to ~35U]s@v
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction YTj
kPj:
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) Kmdlf,[3d
Theyhave called off their engagement. vYU;_R
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. |/
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Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful ,.o<no
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Weshould not doubt his capability. u^j {U}
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency /2RajsK
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. <soz#}e
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation D>!6,m2
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. 62>zt2=
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process a@pz*
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition EOoZoVdzx
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center She centered her attention on the problem. -OYDe@Wb]
Focus concentrate fix 6st^4S5
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. Sc]P<F7N]
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment M-
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. |fHB[ W#
flexible changeable changing pX=,iOF[I
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. p$k\m|
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Selection/preference/option/alternative $A}QY5`+~S
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. ^I]{7$6^
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. zEw>SP1,
Stick adhere hold grasp Yn
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. P=H+ #
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. /9Ilo\MdD
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. %McO6.M@
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key YYRT.U'
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. S:Tm23pe
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join -PAF p3w\y
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark # nfI%
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark "uu)2Xe
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate v5T9Y-{`
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast j"<Y!Y3
Poetshave compared sleep to death. ~SVQ;U)-
Sheis lovely beyond compare. # bX~=`
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. i=
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Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. W._G0b4}
Comparable/comparative Vdvx"s[`m
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. Um
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Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt =|y|P80w
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Hehas formed a good habit. A9BxwQU#
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build ZBj6KqfST%
Assemble/manufacture/produce 4]UT+'RubX
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required ida*]+ ~
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. Y}/jR6hK
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise \r]('x3S
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comprehensive/Comprehensible |'@[N,
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. z1vni'%J
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. *'^:S#
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Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic ,$i<@2/=m
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful )GCLK<,swu
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. 2e\Kw+(>{
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel ypT9 8
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. P59uALi
continuously vs continually Pd&,G$l
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express `~K
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. sK[Nti0
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with ]N_140N~
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correspond ~vkud+r
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. %0Vc\M@"G
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. @)06\h
Matter be of importance significant M`q#,Y?3^I
Dj/Q1KY$m
Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. %
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believe depended count confide rely depend bank rjt O`Mt`
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. d9ZDpzxB
Crucial urgent pressing decisive v UJ
sFR
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic vBV"i9n
g(M(Hn7
cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. gDgP;id
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break `7+tPbjs
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Itis not my custom to give in. t%ou1&SO
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature mvxc[
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. $=QNGC2+
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress
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grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish B]CS2LEqh
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. D
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Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce E}E7VQjM
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. R;N>#_9HU
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. ~j\;e
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent f^>lObvd
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. jtlDS f#
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover ;nHo%`Zt
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. )yz9? ]a
Demand/require/callfor 0*'`%W+5
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. K{7S
refuse decline rejects turn down lMI
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. ~6Ee=NaLzP
Thestorms are dying down. S{r)/~/
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. 8u~\]1(
Themembers of the family had all died off. 1\7"I-
Thisspecies has died out. au9Wo<mR
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Canyou describe what he looks like? } k%\
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell < c4RmnA
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. 4~D>oNx4
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious )9W#5V$
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. $vicHuX!
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous e hB1`%@
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. B7
jlJqV
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ E*b[.vUp
throwaway/cast off/get rid of ;[\2/$-
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. !Z2n;.w
Herwritings display natural talents. hF PRC0ftE
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present t 6IaRD
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. .aH?H]^
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar PY:#F|uHS`
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. jN[6JY1
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct
x$b[m20
p$G3r0@
Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. 3#ZKuGg=
distinguish tell separate divide X@4d~6k?
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. umrI4.1c
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized Mz.&d:
/prominent/important/superior \ozy_s[
v@s`l#
Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. U)1qsUDF
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold e Em0c]]9
3Qr!?=nf
diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive l"!;Vkg.5
E1v<-UPbA
Herefused to disclose his name and address. bUB6B
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray d~$t{46
#,{v Js~
Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. M_)T=s *
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull 3A1kH` X^q
draw pull drag push heave lift haul NdQ?3'W
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draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing yYtki
IT33E%G
Shedrove her car into the forest. 1'B?f# s
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride 4D$E
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage T^SOq:m&
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop h UDEjW@S
$a1.c;NE'
Theshoes are expensive but durable. ?2c:|FD
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong eU*hqy?0
$]86w8?-N
Itis your duty to go. W;W\L? r
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role ?y
kIi/
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort 5#tvc4+)
I.x>mN-0
Heis living an easy life now. comfortable \!Pm^FD
.
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. Zs)9OJu
economic/economical/economy 14O/R3+
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Hewent to a very good elementary school. JM0)x}]+
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive 3@ SfCG&|e
8cl!8gfv
Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. |RdSrVB
Theacid has no effect on the metal. H.e@w3+h
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. TM9>r :j'
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. GU9`;/
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. Fc
Cxr@
effect force power practice p O.8>C%
IdM;N
Sheencouraged him to take this examination. xxYFWvi
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire +!rK4[W'
/V^S)5r
end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. am=56J$ig
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. ??4QDa-
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. | e+m!G1G
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. [Z 1Eje X
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. GIp?}tM
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. 8w$cj'
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. M30_b8[Y_
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. e.Ii@<
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. CZ@M~Si_
;9rQN3J$gn
He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. 7+0hIKrFC
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower 4h|D[Cb]
dX<UruPA
Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. cq/)Yff@:
equip provide {T$;BoR#O
A!NT 2YdHZ
Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive E-r/$&D5mP
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. hcej
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exert practice exercise impose avail luV%_[F
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. A:N!H_x
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent 1cUC>_%?
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come "|f ;
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Devotionis essential for work. 2-2'
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Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable dNIY`u
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent 1V)0+_Yv
IN_GL18^MV
Nothingis everlasting. 9;.dNdg>
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood Lc+)#9*d
gJ2R(YMF
Thebird extended its wings in flight. =_=jXWOQ
v
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify S# SA :>8s
6?2/b`k
Hernose is a very attractive feature. =$f
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Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark u{8Wu;
r/8,4:rh
Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? ~ 5`Ngpp
Inthe favor ~d28"p.7
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous r)ga{Nn,.
#uKHw2N
Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. m_oBV|v{
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot `Q}.9s_ri
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. v^JyVf>
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. {{:MJ\_"h_
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. 9NKZE?5P|D
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders bMf+/n
m&b!\"0
There are fine distinctions between thetwo. n8J';F
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fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant Kq{9:G
IN),Lu0K
Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. >e"1a/2%>&
Understand comprehend catch on get 5zfPh`U>1
TC"mP!1
Hegave a gift for my birthday. 866n{lyL
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout : E]A51
/handout/turn in rEz=\yY^j'
m>:3Ku
Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. ~{oM&I|d8
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent 1/JgirVA
#Z(8 vA^@
Theygrouped together in fours. sf@g $
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate UvxJ _
D 0
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter "PLZZL$+
7[ *,t
hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across ZSU;>&>%v
Hernew film is quite a hit. success dEJ>8e8
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect O83vPK
3
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. r[JgCj+$&
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. /t(dhz&xN
Shealways holds to her convictions. t/#[At5p=
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. Zii<jZ.)<
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. yv[s)c}
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour.
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A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up "fL:scq@0
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as ~NMal]Fwx
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Ifonly I were rich! 8~u#?xs6
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. bN8GRK
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Immoralvs amoral eZ(<hE>
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. EX~ U(JB6
H B_si
Itwas he that initiated this project. !=V>DgmW
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice :lcZ)6&S
fq~<^B
Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. j{C+`~O
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) ;3
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Thiscar is inferior to the one I bought last year.
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intellect insight perception understanding comprehension wisdom intuition D^W6Cq5\
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testified witnessed justified identified notify specify Y[k%<f
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Hewas laid off for his ill performance. T^.;yU_B?
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The football match was televised live fromthe workers’ stadium. .U|irDO
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quick rapid fast prompt punctual instant immediate ready 61~7 L^882
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short All along he has been striving not to fallshort of his parents' expectations. _Gt
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Thingscouldn’t be worse financially: in short, we are bankrupt.
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Henever allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for theireducation. UWhHzLcXh
Hisreal name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short. ~;pP@DA
Thecountry is short in known deposits of coal and iron. ]B8iQr-!
Theinterviewer cut short his guest in mid-sentence. X(17ESQ/Y
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spirit The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. H^`J(J+
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stock The sugar is out of stock. ]]`[tVaFr
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sympathy Quite a number of people are in sympathy withyou on that point. Y#-c<o}f
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thought On second thoughts, I am inclined to agreewith you. cFJZ|Ld
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trace Her fear of water can traced back to achildhood accident. e$Y7V
trade he traded in his car for a new model. qT4`3nH:
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what he said is true. K&dc< 4DC
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Wearranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but she failed to turn up. ?iaO6HD
Hetried to join the army and was __________ because of poor health. 0d`lugf
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Bythe way, have you heard that George is emigrating to Australia? t@`Sa<
Inno way can teaching in school be separated from practice. `
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Thebridge ________ and the tank fell into the river. ( gave way gave to gave in gave up) sRGIHT#
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We’ll all take a vacation in the mountainsas soon as I finish working on this project. x[YW 3nF