博士生考试基础词汇汇总 >*ha#PE
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. _
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ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay
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desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up %s&E-*X
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) l%Fse&4\
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay A(_^_p.|
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. E?;T:7.%
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with bl+@}+A
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. ?AM8*w
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with xs83S.fHg
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game y9l.i@-
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. \Z7([G h
Way/approach/solution/answer/ 1RUbY>K#U
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand #B.w7y5*
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) fG[3%e
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to 35]G_\
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently ff5
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Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind Cx3m\
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Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement #SLxN AH
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) E(4lu%
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure cTIwA:)D
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active He is very active in politics. =rO>b{,hs
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic cPBy(5^
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. uW--
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Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit a]=vq(N'r
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) { )GEgC
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. :AcNb
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) gwB>oi*OE
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. WUK.>eM0
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample &*:)5F5
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. gsq[ 9
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns B+[Q$Q"
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Aim His aim is to win the game. nu%Nt"~[%
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination F*( A; N_y
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. ./*,
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Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up Y},GZ ^zqy
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang ^^Q32XC,
Figure/digit/measure \R6T"U
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. f#Oz("d
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon QAnf
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. Wv/5#_
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up ;9 n8on\
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. 'w
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sum/measure/quantity/price/value <l/Qf[V
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect \iSBLU
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment ?o'arxCxZn
theory/outlook *!s?hHv
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. <rmV$_
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown <Py/uF|
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. R}<s~` Pl
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for F>R)~;Ja
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all h!%`odl%
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. (W/UR9x)|d
apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain ^TK)_wx
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. r26Wysi~%
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. ..mz!:Zs0
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition zz*[JIe
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. ?V&a |:N9
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor ZA@"uqa 6b
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg r{&"]'/X
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. &p/k VM
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. HEN9D/O=
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove tgnXBWA`!
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of }"tYb6*
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. !I&Sy]G
Riseraise rouse arouse arise ,_O[;L
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up +M:Q
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. \ S R
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating ;'}xD5
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Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him.
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. o}z}79Z
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate {]]I4a
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. uv!/DX#
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted tB.9Ov*
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assure I can assure you of my support. lLv0lf
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. hV)I
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Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete kcb'`<B
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe 8}"j#tDc
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. JQqDUd
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from =zKp(_[D
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. s0u$DM2
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct 5V0=-K
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale F-6*
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. S.z ;Bm
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. -'2.^a-8-g
ground foundation <KpQu%2(
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. ,#A,+!4
As soon as before the second the minute the moment =YBJ7.Y
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. `C1LR,J
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. v#6.VUAw
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn ;Cw
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals JjwuxZVr O
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team h\5
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off {`'b+0[;@
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boom Production boomed. H|^4e
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper s2E}+
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short @.0,ka,X
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Weare bound for London. Head make 9.R_=
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to wK3}K
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction &qr7yyY
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) _+{
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Theyhave called off their engagement. qGw6Wp~
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. L+u_153
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful ~$cw]R58,9
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Weshould not doubt his capability. QK
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Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency A
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. ^mGT ZxO
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation H1w;Wb1se
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. M:x8]TA
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process i{,>2KVC|
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition G6
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center She centered her attention on the problem. #*~ (
Focus concentrate fix Y8P
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. ]6nF>C-C
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment MF1u8Yl:0
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. 1
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flexible changeable changing 41:Z8YL(
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. f(3#5288
Selection/preference/option/alternative Mn=_lhWK
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. )I*V('R6|
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. {!,+C0
Stick adhere hold grasp @P8q=
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. Wl*\kQ}U
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. 20J:_+=]
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. ;eWVc;H
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key !?KY;3L:
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. DF-o
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blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join f[X>?{q
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark {}.c.W+
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark 63at
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate 79i>@u%
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast yJr' \(
Poetshave compared sleep to death. r^]0LJ
Sheis lovely beyond compare. )2R:P`
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comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. ArF+9upGY
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. }U8H4B~UtY
Comparable/comparative :CV&WP
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. xOS4J+' s@
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt QjRVdb>
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Hehas formed a good habit. 7^:s/xHO*
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build Rk"_4zJk
Assemble/manufacture/produce /Cw
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required ZY{,//
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. E4WoKuE1$
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise u0N1+-6kr+
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comprehensive/Comprehensible P
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Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject.
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware Ib]{rmaP
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. FJ~Dg3F1
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic #j'OrD
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful pbAQf3
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. L1M]ya!l
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel Xv6z>z.
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. HuCH`|v-
continuously vs continually omY%sQ{)
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express NSj}?hz
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. 3,W2CN}
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with Yw4c`MyL
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correspond }[$ C=|>
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. tk2B\}6
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. vD^^0-Pk6
Matter be of importance significant f!eC|:D
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. t&eY+3y,T
believe depended count confide rely depend bank }mk9-7
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. Ilsh
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Crucial urgent pressing decisive <j-Bj$3
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. v93+<@Z
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break l3)(aay!
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Itis not my custom to give in. Mu
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Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature !s9<%bp3
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. yAi#Y3!::
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress gjk=`lU
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish )Tpc8Hr
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. o>\j c
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce tt6ElP|D
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. |bVNlL"xN
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. (TDLT^
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent ~2S`y=*:
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. jgs kK
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover d&n0:xOc
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. Q4Hf!v]r
Demand/require/callfor 7?]gUrE
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. wGBQ.Ve[
refuse decline rejects turn down
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. X6N^<Z$
Thestorms are dying down. lF 8B+
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. VVYQIR]!yk
Themembers of the family had all died off. K}1>n2P
Thisspecies has died out. M#=woj&[
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Canyou describe what he looks like? +0^ N#0)
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell |/]bpG 'z
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. H)
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Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious dWg$yH
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. ~qFi0<-M
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous /3FC@?l
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Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. J\m7U
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ c6BaC@2
throwaway/cast off/get rid of BIw9@.99B-
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. Z|' tw^0e5
Herwritings display natural talents. OwSr`2'9
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present Vi5RkUY]
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. +SUQRDF@i
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar ZL
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Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. h=d&@k\g
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct _F,@mQ$!
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Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. BO/2kL8*
distinguish tell separate divide `lcpUWn
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. -PEpy3dMY
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized DC[-<:B
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. 7Py8!
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold crZ\:LeJ
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive !{Y$5)Xh`]
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. NrS1y"#d9
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray iwrdZLE
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. ]J_Dn\
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull {%UY1n
draw pull drag push heave lift haul )Bd+jli|s
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing D&Ngg)_Mq
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Shedrove her car into the forest. {[)J~kC+
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride ?A,gDk/#
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage _y5b>+
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop $~ zqt%}
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. $\m=-5 0-
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong TtKBok
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Itis your duty to go. :~U1JAs$
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role
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Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort B>AIec\jG
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Heis living an easy life now. comfortable bF?EuL
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. 1cOp"!
economic/economical/economy D
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Hewent to a very good elementary school. 8>Ervi`
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive ^vsOlA(4
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. HmRwh
Theacid has no effect on the metal. [9aaHf@'
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. <Hm:#<\
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. gh
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Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. {TE0
effect force power practice k];
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. ((;9%F:/$
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire gEU)UIJ
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. :M|bw{P*
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. &WvJg#f
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. PX2Ejrwj
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. U|U/B
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. Q7c_;z_
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. $.V(_
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. &sx/qS#,VL
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. j]
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Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. V
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He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. `Rj
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entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower YhR?*Di
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Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. nwcT8b87J
equip provide o L6[i'H|
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive e$F7wto
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. IFpmf0;^
exert practice exercise impose avail NG5H?hVN=
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. pLyX9C
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent /hI#6k8o_
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come -P'>~W,~
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Devotionis essential for work. WNL3+
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable Y7
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Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent bdcuO)3
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Nothingis everlasting. 3)dT+lZ
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood D-,sF8{ i
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Thebird extended its wings in flight. Th,2gX9
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify `L9o!OsQ
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Hernose is a very attractive feature. 'u696ED4
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark NPS=?5p>
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? oM MU5sm
Inthe favor *xLMs(gg
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous 88G[
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. fylaH(LER
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot y?5*K
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. gNZ^TeT
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. .s2d
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. ;#Mq=Fr-SG
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders ^k-H$]
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. ,;D74h2F
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant `_v-Y`Z
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. BB|{VwN
Understand comprehend catch on get crhck'?0
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. ec]ksw6T+
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout n*O/X
/handout/turn in c6lEWC:
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. iK.MC%8?
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent r!x^P=f,MJ
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Theygrouped together in fours. >?
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Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate |r
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter B2,!
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across @D60
Hernew film is quite a hit. success R=9j+74U
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect -6H)GK14b
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. tSOF7N/<
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. 9(@bjL465
Shealways holds to her convictions. ;N/c 5+
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. 5jsnE )
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. +"SBt}1
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. \
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A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up gbInSp`4
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as 7)a=B! 8M
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Ifonly I were rich! @lj
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. Y&&Y:+
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Immoralvs amoral ZRX>SyM
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. 'l;?P
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Itwas he that initiated this project. ]Wy V bIu
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice #Y{"`5>
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. 2`Pk@,:_
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) `V?{
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Weare in for trouble. -
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Heknow the ins and outs of the problem. ec3('}X
Privatizationis thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. a
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