博士生考试基础词汇汇总 gRFC n6Q
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. <
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ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay bo*q{@Ue
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up 9F-k:hD |
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) q-RGplx
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay saT9%?4-
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. 9,W-KM
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with O)Qz$
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. hG@ys5
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with 2tv40(M:<
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game HFr3(gNj@
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. LC{hoq\
Way/approach/solution/answer/ R
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Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand =5`@:!t7
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) @9h#o5y q
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to qJA.+q.e$e
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently kKM%
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind F29AjW86
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement IFxI>6<&
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) :Y
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure H Im,
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active He is very active in politics. 14!J\`rI
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic +
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. Fz&i
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Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit q}$=bR1+
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) Ok&>[qu
+[/47uFbI
admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. i8_x1=A
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) =zeLs0s;
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. ]A$^ l,
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample sLdUrD%
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. d[e:}1
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns
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Aim His aim is to win the game. <nTmZ-;
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination QYfAf3te
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. Pgw%SMEp
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up k>&s(b
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang 8;g.3Qv
Figure/digit/measure $dTfvd
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. M1]6lg[si
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon (_qBsng:
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. @y0bU*v7
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up w$lfR,
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. T]#,R|)d
sum/measure/quantity/price/value 40Qzo%eL
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect 52MCU l
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment J`+`Kq1T
theory/outlook |c
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. 9U7Mu;4
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown }^pQbFku
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. ci,o8 [Y
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for l|vW
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all K/
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. tB
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apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain fXu~69_
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. {
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Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. D%jD8 p
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition }_a+X
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. l&6U|q`
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor SRt$4EL21
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg j8[`~pb
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. (30<oE{
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. 9UeVvH
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove F!OOrW]p0
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of ]z-']R;
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. 0|+>A?E}E
Riseraise rouse arouse arise WF ?/GN
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up :DZLjC
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artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. "n{9- VEmN
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating 5TXg;v#Z
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. =4frP*H?
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. )8pcf`h{
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate zc6Ho
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. 25x cD1*
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted o;ik Z*+*
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assure I can assure you of my support. @4;HC=~
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise Q/9a,85
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. T1l&B
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe y&
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. D^|jZOJ
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from ppEJs
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. llNXQlP\B
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct ?p(kh^ z
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale 6A}eSG3
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. Lj4&_
b9
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. 5Yl6?
ground foundation 9x(}F<L
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. 0Su_#".-*
As soon as before the second the minute the moment ~]4kkm7Y
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. _D-5}a"
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. d]MGN^%o
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn i (0hvV>'
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals p zg&/m&F`
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team >&1um5K
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off dQai4e>[
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boom Production boomed. LP ,9<&"<
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper o_O+u%y
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short ge$LIsE8
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Weare bound for London. Head make {S*!B
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to HVGr-/
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction 7G"7wYc>R
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) 2 h<U
Theyhave called off their engagement. ~0ooRUWU7
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. +2Ql~w@$^l
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful q &
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Weshould not doubt his capability. MRs,l'
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency _88QgThb
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. On
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Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation B+Z13;}B
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. 0[)VO[
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process j#VIHCz
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition Us-A+)r*!
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center She centered her attention on the problem. Yj|]Uff8O
Focus concentrate fix Pz@/|&]
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. etyCrQ
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Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment %hINpZMr
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. J?%}=_fsa
flexible changeable changing jK3\K/ob(
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. :wipE]~4t
Selection/preference/option/alternative ooE{V*Ie
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. 2\0Oji\6
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. mW4%2fD[
Stick adhere hold grasp f^9&WT
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. m xJXL":|
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. Y"!uU.=xJ
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. maC>LBa2/
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key I:$"E%
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. 2dbRE:v5
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join kNPDm6m
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark ^od<JD4
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark JsQ6l%9
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate @`|)Ia<
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast G!Zy
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Poetshave compared sleep to death. w sY}JT
Sheis lovely beyond compare. *YvRNHP
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. ddDS=OfH
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. 3~%!m<1:
Comparable/comparative z"379b7cN
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. 6E^~n
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt
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Hehas formed a good habit. .zC*Z&e,.[
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build JP'=
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Assemble/manufacture/produce l\Xd.H" j,
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required |4C^$
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. lhPGE_\
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise li/aN
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comprehensive/Comprehensible FFzH!=7T?
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. Yx%bn?%;&
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware I3) Zr+
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. QK <\kVZ8
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic 5H
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Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful wE Qi0!
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. LmLGki$w
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel J^zi2jtV
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. x';uCKWV
continuously vs continually IeTdN_8
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express g22gIj]
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. ,8VU&?`<}
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with bToq$%sCg
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correspond r>|-2}{N/
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. z2 hFn&
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. }Dfwm)]Q
Matter be of importance significant %oof}=MxCL
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. 5<R%H{3j
believe depended count confide rely depend bank 0A[e sWmP
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. K1q+~4>\|
Crucial urgent pressing decisive 6mPm=I[oh
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic ^mPPyT ,(
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. =/9^,
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Remind relieve inform deprive rob break 9F##F-%x
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Itis not my custom to give in. wij,N(,H
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature Ew,T 5GG
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The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. jai|/"HSXw
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress FxW&8 9G
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish {{{#?~3$7
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. lj[,|[X7`
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce f`$Gz
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. /yPXMJ6W~R
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. ^twivNB
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent F:g= i}7
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deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. 3vic(^Qh
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover Paf%rv2
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. 5W? PCOh\
Demand/require/callfor rpV1y$n<F
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. +}kgQ^
refuse decline rejects turn down j;nb?;
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. pmc=NTr&<
Thestorms are dying down. p~jlx~1-]
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. MZ4c{@Tg
Themembers of the family had all died off. 4gBp8*2
Thisspecies has died out. onei4c>@
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Canyou describe what he looks like? |(R5e
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell l|`^*%W@u6
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Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. kBWrqZ6
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious a:rX9-**
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. WrGK \Vw[
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous &l2
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Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. Nn6S
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Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ hwnJE958L
throwaway/cast off/get rid of M4f;/ `w
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. EMvHFu
Herwritings display natural talents. 4mYCSu14:`
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. Gpj*
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Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar
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Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. B|=|.qp$)
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct IzLF'F
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Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. w`HI]{hE~N
distinguish tell separate divide fL*T3[d
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. <O~WB
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized PH3 >9/H
/prominent/important/superior @\P4/+"9
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. _
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Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold GRqT-/n"
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive |9K<-y
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. A#h /B+
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray !vD{Df>
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Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. F'm(8/A$
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull zDOKShG
draw pull drag push heave lift haul A
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draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing ,YYVj{~2
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Shedrove her car into the forest. t~7V{ xk
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride v4/-b4ET
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage cgu~
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop "Dcs])7Q
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. TtD@'QXq
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong \00DqL(Oj`
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Itis your duty to go. Z)9g~g94
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role UaG1c%7?X
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort OFkNl}D
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Heis living an easy life now. comfortable Ck =;1sGh
T GB_~Bqe
Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. ;TiUpg</_3
economic/economical/economy SzDKByi
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Hewent to a very good elementary school. &QX`NO6
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive zhI#f
0c
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. _?voU
Theacid has no effect on the metal. .9[45][FK
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. Pl=] Srw
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. 3Ug
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. S/ywA9~3Q
effect force power practice p{)5k
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. nR>r2wMk@
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire iZ3W"Vd`b
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. ?Ucu#UO
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. J/!cGr(B~
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. 2 !"
XzdD
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. jDM
w2#<
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. O#EV5FeF.
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. i JxQB\x
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. >gKh
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. L(>=BK*
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. 8;Fn7k_Uf
u,3,ck!B>@
He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. CRve.e8J
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower XMB[h
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Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons.
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equip provide vzel#
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive H2xeP%;$
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Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. 1
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exert practice exercise impose avail &0TVi
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Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. 49Df?sx
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent /:6Wzj
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He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come LIU}a5
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Devotionis essential for work. b5IA"w
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable Sx:Ur>?hd5
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent kY,U8a3!
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Nothingis everlasting. f"7M^1)h2%
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood ~A<H9Bw
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Thebird extended its wings in flight. E|YdcS
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify @`-[;?>
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Hernose is a very attractive feature. FLoNE>q
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark ODc9r }
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? Y
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Inthe favor H4OhIxK
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous NVIK>cT6
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. ^ yh'lh/
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot juAMAplf
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. x#~ x;)
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. e98lhu"|H
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. 6m .k;'
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders A392=:N+Q
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. 6#}93Dgv4
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant *?QE2&S:
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. K.C>
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Understand comprehend catch on get 2LCB])X
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. X.ONa_
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout %I!:I
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Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. "Th$#3
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent ^n#1<K[E
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Theygrouped together in fours. fsO9EEn7X
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate >idBS
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter tC8(XMVx
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across 6
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Hernew film is quite a hit. success B bhfG64
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect (VyNvB
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hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. x+? 9C
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. e"-X U@`k1
Shealways holds to her convictions. -O:_!\uA
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. J2GcBzRH
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. ;S$Ll*f>D
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. iMF<5fLH&
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up -0o[f53}p
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as 0X..e$ '
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Ifonly I were rich! \a"Ct'
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. [{[N( g&d
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Immoralvs amoral VCNT4m
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. \`'KlF2
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Itwas he that initiated this project. [y)FcIK}
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice =1/NFlt8
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize.
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(excitement initiative motive entertainment) )\/
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Weare in for trouble. *xRc *
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Heknow the ins and outs of the problem. 9G?ldp8
Privatizationis thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. =Cf]
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inferior superior senior junior similar prior E,G<_40
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intellect insight perception understanding comprehension wisdom intuition V}8$p8#<@
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intangible invisible 85U.wpG
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testified witnessed justified identified notify specify '8Wv.X0`
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keep I can't understand you keeping a thing likethat to yourself. 6XUuGxQV/
Pleasekeep to the point --- we are running out of time. 9Ld9N;rWm#
Ican’t keep up with all the changes in computer science. 9w^zY;Y
Ifyou want to fulfill your dream, you have to keep ______it. (to / up on) 'w<BJTQIL
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Shesaw a notice “ apartment to let”. /8e W@IO.F
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Hewas laid off for his ill performance. LHi6:G"Y(
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Peoplewho walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars. `SOhG?Zo
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Sheliked the black dress and bought it although it was very expensive. h([0,:\
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The football match was televised live fromthe workers’ stadium. k>{-[X,/OV
alive live life lively living lovely .cR*P<3O
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Afrequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda. :wCC^Y]
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Nobodyowned up to the theft. AZ]Z,s6
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distinctive / typical/ characteristic/representative/ special/ particular / unique / notable/ particular Zz{[Al{
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pleasing pleasant grateful thankful pleased gracious generous
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point She was just on the point of going away whenBetty came in. qhv4R| )
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Hemade an excellent speech, and everything he said was to the point. |~1rKzZwF
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quick rapid fast prompt punctual instant immediate ready 2 |kH%
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Hewas ready to run(take) the risk of being taken prisoner by the enemy. z{WqICnb
Thefuture of the whole company is at risk. Gw,kC{:C
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scale Synthetic rubbers are now being producedon a large scale. o 4wKu
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Herclear and elegant prose sets apart from most other journalists. o}z}79Z
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Heis set on going to university. B%/Pn
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settle You should settle your affairs before youleave. #S)*MT4ke
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Thingscouldn’t be worse financially: in short, we are bankrupt. >xN^#$ng}
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Henever allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for theireducation.
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spirit The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. 1N&U{#4
Iwent back and found them in high/low spirits. E:ytdaiT
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stock The sugar is out of stock. [Zf<r1m
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sympathize We sympathize with him in his sufferings to agreat extent. _:z~P<%s
sympathy Quite a number of people are in sympathy withyou on that point. {:Q2Itsy
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attraction temptation gDv]n^&