博士生考试基础词汇汇总 ^Yg|P&e(;
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. V PLCic,T
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay !#_h2a
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up #w%a
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) o[
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Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay S1x.pLHj8
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. b}}1TnS)
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with @?^LxqAWA
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. jU3;jm.)
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with 'o#J>a~!9L
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game 9 z8<[>
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access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. HIWmh4o/.
Way/approach/solution/answer/ W2W2WyPk
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand %t5BB$y
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Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) +=B}R
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to 9Sj:nn^/
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently M~{P',l*
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind 4W//Oc@e
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement zcD_}t_K
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) &8_#hne_
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure dD.d?rnZq7
U)I `:J+A
active He is very active in politics. 4gkV]"
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Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic *_).UAP.
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. ID)gq_k[8,
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit 3!oQmG_T
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) l;Wy,?p
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. R;TEtu7
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) =Z>V}`n
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adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. r?yJ
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample $@qs(Xwr
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. cV_IG}LJ
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns .kKwdqO+zB
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Aim His aim is to win the game. eZod}~J8
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination B?ob{K@
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears.
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Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up PLD'Q,R
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang /e?ux ~f|
Figure/digit/measure r=H\4%P4
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. _yB9/F
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon Q.2nUT`
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. %3+hz$E
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up $~@096`QL<
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. 3pv1L~ ZI
sum/measure/quantity/price/value hGo
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect H'\ EA(v+
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment v_h*:c
theory/outlook N5Mz=UgB
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. k Q(y^t W
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown ~d `4W<1a
/P"\+Qp
anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do. 'I>#0VRr
expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for {bW3%iU
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all hsO.521g
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth. (#
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apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain V"j
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. PM>XT
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. rK
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Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition y+afUJT
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Hewas appointed member of the committee. Fh$&puF2
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor %<|KJb4?
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg AV3,4u
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apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation.
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Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. /mu4J|[[
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove Vdk+1AX
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of 82!GM.b
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. &ru0i@?)
Riseraise rouse arouse arise S`w)b'B!M
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up >{Z=cv/6o
0*@S-Lj^c
artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. S6tH!Z=(g
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating 0Jh:6F
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. 0|;=mYa4M
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. zAUfd[g
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate #?6RoFgMe
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes.
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Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted &}1)]6q$
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assure I can assure you of my support. gwNkjI=,
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise 3/FB>w gt
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. T<)z2Bi
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete 9 To6Rc;
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe e,8-P-h~T
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. GNOC5 E$I
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from uLF55:`<
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. aK'r=NU
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct 2-84
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale a0.XJR{T"
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. _8
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China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. plfB}p
ground foundation Gj 3/&'k6
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. '! (`?
As soon as before the second the minute the moment g 7X>i:
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. }g?]B +0
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. {Hu0
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn 16vfIUtb
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals <FEO6YP
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team P;Ox|
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off ^^#A9AM
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boom Production boomed. b11C3TyQT
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper 8CCA/
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short * 7C
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Weare bound for London. Head make o%:eYl
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to o&=m]hKpQl
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction U/>5C:
Jy9&=Qh
call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) ]#`bYh^y
Theyhave called off their engagement. ~F WmT(S
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. HO"(eDW6z
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful `g7'
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Weshould not doubt his capability. R0Qp*&AL
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency <iMLM<J<w
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Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. @I%m}
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Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation K|iNEhuc
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. 3'8~H]<W
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process *{uu_
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition Q,>AT$|
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center She centered her attention on the problem. !$j'F? 2>
Focus concentrate fix 56fcifXz@
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. a}6Wo=
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment \hg12],#:@
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. VQ+Xh
flexible changeable changing nfc&.(6x<
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IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. xR$xAcoSB
Selection/preference/option/alternative i),W1<A1
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. X[R/j*K
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. 1D 6iJ
Stick adhere hold grasp >
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. fxjs"rD5
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. W@#Y/L:${
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Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. EiSS_Lc
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key <f1Pj
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. VGkwrS;+I
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join Tw
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark Yz4Q
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criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark 2]hQ56Yv3
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate A?=g!( wB
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast '`I&g8I\
Poetshave compared sleep to death. ckS.j)@.c
Sheis lovely beyond compare.
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comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. Jc95Ki1X
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. /{6PwlP5
Comparable/comparative g ?qm >X
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. R_`i=>Z-
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt 0"#'Z>"
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Hehas formed a good habit. !`JaYUL[e
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build BagO0#
Assemble/manufacture/produce f%<kcM2
n=qN@u;Fi#
Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required @9Rgg9r
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. z|E/pm$^
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise M{w[hV
a\;Vly;
comprehensive/Comprehensible ]?tC+UKb
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. GG<{n$h
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware ]zK'aod
Xfo3fW)s
Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. FOz~iS\
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic Ad$CHx-
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful .LMOmc=(
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil. ])Rs.Y{Q5
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel A8tzIh8
r?Q`b2Q
Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. 17kh6(X
continuously vs continually su:~Xd
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express o^Z/~N
dRC
RB
cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. _%M+!Ltz
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with
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correspond n`v;S>aT
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. 10.u
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. o}^/Km+t
Matter be of importance significant 5l_ >QB
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Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. *aem5E`c
believe depended count confide rely depend bank (g(.gN]
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critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. }^b7x;O|
Crucial urgent pressing decisive KzgW+6*G
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic (B/od# nU
"J.7@\^ h/
cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. \N|ma P
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break dGc<{sQzB
Gd%X> ~
Itis not my custom to give in. M94zlW<
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature jsp)e=
XT"-
The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. Uo<iZ3J
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress
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grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish <w1#
3Mu'
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decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. L/+KY_b:*
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce S.)+C2g,@
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. USDqh437
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. VV%Q "0\
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent (\qO~)[0
KD(}-zUs
deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. .ou#BWav/
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover USrBi[_ci\
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. i0jR~vF
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Demand/require/callfor S!J wF&EW
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. ]!mC5Ea
refuse decline rejects turn down cy%S5Rz
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. [m+):q^
Thestorms are dying down. s.{n
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Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. \|wUxijJ*,
Themembers of the family had all died off. x[m&ILr
Thisspecies has died out. F-&=N {+
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Canyou describe what he looks like? 6
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Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell VKtZyhK"h
]$=\zL
Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. mAZfo53
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious *?<ygzX
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Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. ,+mH1#-3
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous ']'V?@H]4
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. 4IUdlb
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ +yO^,{8SE
throwaway/cast off/get rid of ynQ+yW74Z
67]kT%0
display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. "IE*MmsEz
Herwritings display natural talents. O_bgrXg6x
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present >$ok3-
tuU
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. mQiVTIP3[O
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar vXUq[,8yf
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. 6%Ws>H4@|
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct 7LZA!3
NBaXfWh
Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. "gQA|NHwV
distinguish tell separate divide +@5@`"Jry
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. Q(0eq_X|6
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized +[C><uP
/prominent/important/superior 4w<4\zT_U}
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Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. 16Gp nb
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold WPXLN'w+
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diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive 0n('F
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Herefused to disclose his name and address. z($h7TZ$
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray 3`3`iN!8\@
B(/)mB
Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. iF!r}fUU6
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull ^`<
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draw pull drag push heave lift haul ?jy6%Y#,i
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing
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Shedrove her car into the forest. ~Q36lR
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride Zwm2T3@e
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Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage b8$(j2B~
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop R3\oLT4
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Theshoes are expensive but durable. 2F-
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Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong f.X<Mo
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Itis your duty to go. B4d\4S_r%
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role AQR/nWwx
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort lf?dTPrD
0ghW};[6
Heis living an easy life now. comfortable
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Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. "S ~(|G
economic/economical/economy x.ZW%P1
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Hewent to a very good elementary school. {6, l#z
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive WPnw
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Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. B>=NE.ulUL
Theacid has no effect on the metal. F\
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Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. gZ b+m
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. Q^c)T>OAI
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. C 7e
effect force power practice %4
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Sheencouraged him to take this examination. W7 iml|WV0
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire oI2YJ2?Je8
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end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. zVL"$ )
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end.
Q+ tUxa+
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. M!Hn`_E
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. }/cMG/%
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. uOU?-WtPz
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. `~ ,
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. ^qgOgu
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. YN<:k
Wu
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. FdZG%N>Z
0w24lVR.
He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. oI/jGyY;
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower tOQura
k 6)ThIG
Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. q)Uh_l.Cj
equip provide @jvF[wi;
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Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive B)1.CHV%<
p~h)@
Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. M:* ^k
exert practice exercise impose avail 9~FB^3Nz_
D-GI rw{>5
Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. :^Ouv1!e1
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent 5/m^9@A
/6$8djw
He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come
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Devotionis essential for work. zURob MpE#
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable }/{G
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent :mpR}.^hv
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Nothingis everlasting. D02_ Jrg
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood $Bd13%
>)
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Thebird extended its wings in flight. ATdK)gG
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify 2?)bpp$WZ
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Hernose is a very attractive feature. W)0y+H\%
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Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark 6axDuwQ
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? v@6TC 1M,
Inthe favor x9c/;Q&m
Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous 7Z(F-B
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Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. PhS`,I^Z
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot cvf@B_iN9
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AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. j70]2NgX
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. |Bv?!
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The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. 2(,
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wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders rY
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There are fine distinctions between thetwo. =s2dD3Fr|
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant *mc]Oa
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Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. q;))3aQe
Understand comprehend catch on get {L!w/Ie X
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Hegave a gift for my birthday. k
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Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout Z=ayVsJ3
/handout/turn in 4{:W5eT! /
d2Z kchf
Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. +DWmutL
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent |P_\l,f8`
;CU<\
Theygrouped together in fours. \haJe~
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate dQ=mg#(
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter oKIry
8'^N
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across rh*Pl]'3z
Hernew film is quite a hit. success H61,pr>
Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect or_x0Q
U!:Q|':=h
hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. G?LPj*=$?
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. (+<SR5,/3
Shealways holds to her convictions. 10v4k<xb
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. `~Eo;'( +^
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. '`q&UPg]
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. K/Q^8%Z
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up :)v4:&do
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as O:fv1
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Ifonly I were rich! 6(4FC?Y7
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. %
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Immoralvs amoral =6b^j]1
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. 6P=6E
6[kp#
Itwas he that initiated this project. kP9DCDO`[5
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice WJ$D]7
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. XVjs0/5b
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) DVxW2J
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Weare in for trouble. 4y&%YLMpl
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what he said is true. x%hV5KW
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We’ll all take a vacation in the mountainsas soon as I finish working on this project. ,O'#7Dj