博士生考试基础词汇汇总 ~$3X>?Q
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AbandonThe match was abandoned because of bad weather. ,k5b,}tN
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay e^ygQ<6%
desert/forsake/leave / cease / depart / discard /relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up LlfD>cN
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abideWe have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) `CXAE0Fx
Herfame will abide for sure. Last/endure/continue/persist/remain/stay hhVyz{u
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Youhave to keep ______ with the times. 4 06.6jmv
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with !(EJ. |LH
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear youcall. ZiS<vWa3R
engage/occupy/bendover/involve/be busy with !wtt KUO?
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game aI6fPQe
nUL8*#p-
access In many schools, students don't havesufficient access to the library. pU |SUM
Way/approach/solution/answer/ /J"U`/
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Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/athand 0V&6"pF_Y'
62 biOea
Hiswords are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) k-b0Eogp]
I'min agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreementwith/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to IwHYuOED]
^=nJ,-(h_
account He asked no one's advice; he did it on hisown (account).independently b'N(eka
Youhave to take everything into account/consideration.Attention/regard/respect/mind 4ISZyO=
Giveus an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement D#T1~r4
Hehas been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) #UcqKq
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure 3UIR^Rh+
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active He is very active in politics. { L(Q|bB
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic ,h'q}5
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself)to the situation. Z2]ySyt]
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit ptS1d$
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) 7[wHNJ7)r
qFo'"z`84
admit It will take you half an hour to get to thestation, allowing for traffic delays. :RsO$@0G
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/acknowledge/adopt) vxxa,KR/y
=dyApR:'
adequateTheir earnings are barely adequate to their needs. ^<8
c`k )e
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample ?qeBgkL(B^
smpz/1U
advantage The great advantage we have over them is thatthey are short of money. Zc"Vf]:
Benefit/gain/upperhand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns R6ynL([xh
'1lr "}"Q+
Aim His aim is to win the game. @_tQ:
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,v
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination SCClD6k=V
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twentyyears. oaI|A^v
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heapup/store up l[EnFbD6
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang ffuV158a&
Figure/digit/measure >^#OtFHuT)
ambitious These young men were ambitious for successand money. gO*:<B g
Eagerfor/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intentupon ({#9gTP2b
z
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. g">E it*[
Addup to/approximate/total/sum up HH>"J/;c,
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Thefuture of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. O2|[g8(_F
sum/measure/quantity/price/value EG<YxNX,
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angle Try looking at this affair from a differentangle. aspect =H T:p:S
/view/pointof view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment i5 x[1
theory/outlook
?*i qg[:
jtdhdA
announce He had to announce the death of Johnsonbefore the board. I g/SaEF
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/makeknown XeD9RMT
2ZMYA=[!
anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemywill do.
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expect/look forward to/await/foresee/hope for D8a[zXWnc
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Notat all !r:X`~\a
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Theapparent things might not tell of the truth.
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apparentobvious seeming evident clear plain ^dB~#
A1
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quitegood-looking. % AqUVt9}
Apartfrom the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. mzufl:-=
Exceptfor / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition c\i`=>%b@
q\Cg2[nn2
Hewas appointed member of the committee. J /3qJst
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/votefor
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg 6QsH?!bu
p F\~T>
apply Please apply to the secretary for furtherinformation. ,}15Cse
Therules of safe driving apply to everyone. 4`F(RweGx
5~T`R~Uqb
approve Many people don't approve of the plan.disapprove qms+s~oA
like/prefer/endorse/accept/thinkwell of Ov1$7 r@
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ariseThe company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. Bq~!_6fB
Riseraise rouse arouse arise ]]lgCac_U9
Originate/derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up Rk2V[R.`S
74
YMFI
artificial/artisticHer painting is a great artistic creation. F&US-ce:M
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ashamed/shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating ( lbF/F>v
Ashamedof having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. ok;Y xp>
j.Ro(0%
acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will beglad to get acquainted with. ~ZeF5
associate/link/ touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with /relate }:u" ?v=|j
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Iassume that success is a sum of mistakes. :.kc1_veYS
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted [+0rlmB
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assure I can assure you of my support. (.Hiee43
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise L><# I
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of atleast on foreign language. }7iWm XlI
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete 6<sd6SM
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe X._skq
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of thetown during the rush hour. 5W/!o&x~7
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from C^ngdba\
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Thegovernment has banned the used of chemical weapons. %lVc7L2]
Barprohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct O~t]:p9_
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale *?|LE
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we maybegin to make a profit next year. Oax*3TD
China hasbeen following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries onthe basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. >TSPEvWc
ground foundation P{YUW~
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years beforeit is possible to test this medicine on human patients. I9S=VFhZ`
As soon as before the second the minute the moment ~{Gbu oH
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Youcan’t blame all this on me. YyOPgF] M
Heis the last one to blame for the accident. x*}41;j}C
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn
4to)ff
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals Y,1ZvUOB
board/committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team u6hDjN
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boast You should not boast of your success. Bragshow off 4n55{?Z
ra87~kj<
boom Production boomed. Y0nn
n
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speedup/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper CPJ8G}4
=Uy;8et
brief It is a long letter, but in brief, hesays "No". short ZJL8"(/R
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Weare bound for London. Head make tK@|sZ>3\
Theweather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to R _#x
Thereare no bounds to his ambition. Limitconfine restriction MW^(
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call This situation----_____________ for promptaction. (calls in calls at calls oncalls for) MNC=r?
Theyhave called off their engagement. /j7e
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Shewas calm when I told her of the terrible news. --S1p0
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful e}@VR<h
:/rl \woA>
Weshould not doubt his capability. }kJfTsFS
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency &xhwx>C`K
jl-2)<
Beforeyou decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few goodfriends. 5OHg% ^
Careerjob vocation trade calling work profession occupation F~bDA~
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Thereis no reason why we should not carry on with it. =g.R?H8cj5
Carryon go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process C~e&J&zh
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case In any case I shall return in a day ortwo. If even if for fear on condition BE0Ov{'
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center She centered her attention on the problem. |Do+=Gr$t@
Focus concentrate fix }na0
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chargeThe charge against him was severe. ^`~s#L7
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment rCK
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Since the situation is changing, let’s takesome _____ measures to deal with it. t]3> X
flexible changeable changing ZZs@P#]
lQS(\}N
IfI had the choice, I would retire at thirty. T}}T`Ce
Selection/preference/option/alternative f: 9bq}vH
Noone came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. (HEi;
cp:U@Nh
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cling She clung to the hope that he was stillalive. bmOK8
Stick adhere hold grasp 8t;vZ&
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closeThe ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. CL|d>
Listenclosely and look closely, you’ll find it out. uGmv`R_
7z2Q!0Sz
Agood employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering withtheir creativity. !+k);;.+
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key I[6ft_*
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. e**<et.
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join \N%L-%^
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work justyet. Remark XtZeT~/7RT
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark R?3N><oh*
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commit I cannot commit myself to any furtherexpense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate [t6Y,yo&h4
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Comparethis with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast 8 7z]qE
Poetshave compared sleep to death. z',f'3+
Sheis lovely beyond compare. cCx_tGR"
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. Pil_zQ4
Ihave done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. [ KDNKK
Comparable/comparative KY%LqcC
NY
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we thinkyou should. 35H.ZXQp-
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt ;0 4< 9i
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Hehas formed a good habit. }0C v J4
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build
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Assemble/manufacture/produce V6bjVd9|Z
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Nextyear, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required ^&lkh@Y1q
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composeThe committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. k#n%at.g
Consistof/ be made up of / contain /include/hold/cover/comprise I_Omv{&u
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comprehensive/Comprehensible HPXJRQBE
Shehas a comprehensive grasp of the subject. q $=[
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in theroom. Aware 2Z-QVwa*U
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmascard. k+zskfo
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic 6lL^/$]
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful 5
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our mostserious social evil.
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Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel 4N5\sdi
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Our journey was slow because the trainstopped continually at different villages. NFPWh3),f
continuously vs continually v\+`n^=
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express >=86*U~
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. PU4-}!K
dealwith live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with QabLMq@n`
DUwms"I,%
correspond p*U!94Pb
Thisword in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. Q\}Ck+d`a
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count Her opinion counts because of herexperience. fRHzY?n9;
Matter be of importance significant ?XV3Y3
gfKv$~
Don’tcount on a salary increase this year. i7e_
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believe depended count confide rely depend bank j9X|c7|
6ld /E
critical If you really understood thedifficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spendingreductions. q0b*#j
Crucial urgent pressing decisive T:" .{h-i
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic {q^UWv?1
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. G E? \Vm
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break VB`% u=
]0g p.R
Itis not my custom to give in. FF;Fo}no-
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature !L<z(dV|(
zRgAmX/g
The damage to the house caused by the stormtook several days to repair. L2wX?NA
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress *U$%mZS]1
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish IyM:9=}5
yF1p^>*ak&
decline Steel production has been on the decline inthese countries. z`p9vlS[
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce q,> C^p|2b
qlnA7cK!
deep They dived deep into the ocean. T^{=c
x9x9
Shewas deeply interested in classical music. { `xC~B h
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree.Extent bkz/V/ Y
y.s\MWvv>u
deemThey deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. ML0_Uc3en
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/thinkover U$S{j&?
Agood mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. GDb Vy)&
Demand/require/callfor i|xz
QjD=JC+
deny They denied her the opportunity to see herfather. !}5rd\
refuse decline rejects turn down IM,4Si2
s%8,'3&
die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. {;6a_L@q;|
Thestorms are dying down. Z[0/x.pp$
Thenoise of the car died away in the distance. }8s&~fH
Themembers of the family had all died off. WQ9Q:F2
Thisspecies has died out. URt+MTU[
N
1.fV -
Canyou describe what he looks like? h0HK~S#xBv
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell `U|zNizO
Pjxj$>&;*j
Theywere determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. yk(r R
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious _Vf>>tuW
8EX?/33$
Shewas in his eyes a devoted mother. g_A#WQyh\'
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous |.$7.8g
Thesewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. xE$lx:C"FU
Discharge/discard/ cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / giveaway/ Jr= fc*f
throwaway/cast off/get rid of T LF'7ufq
}Z t#OA
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display We were amazed by the rich variety ofcommodities on display. Hs_7oy|P
Herwritings display natural talents. FjLMN{eH/
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present 4i5b.bU$
]ms+Va_/
distinct Mice are distinct form rats. +_u~Np
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar E7_OI7C
Longsentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. Mn<s9ITS-
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct s&<76kwl
jzZ]+'t
Thelight is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. m{~L Fhhd1
distinguish tell separate divide ll- KK`Ka
Heis one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. #};Zgixo$
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized jW-;Y/S
/prominent/important/superior kHhku!CH
e$JCak=
Inthe dark I could only discern the outline of the building. &A`,hF8
Discern/see/makeout/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold <h}x7y?
VeZd\Oe
diverse There are people from diverse culturesat the party. different various comprehensive )0"T?Ivp]
7^mQfQv
Herefused to disclose his name and address. n2Mpo\2
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray IiE^HgM
Q9B!0G.-bs
Theydrew up the contract and presented it to the management. V@TA~'$|
Thetrain drew in/into the station. pull
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draw pull drag push heave lift haul G ;ZN>8NB
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing 5p5"3m;M7
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Shedrove her car into the forest. o@]n<ZYo
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride 8bO+[" c
81(\8#./
Don’tdiscourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage J$sp6g>K
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keepfrom/try to stop e7\gd\
UvB\kIH
Theshoes are expensive but durable. OL:hNbw'~T
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong {4f%UnSz(
a2i:fz=[
Itis your duty to go. kM=&Tfpj
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role NLYf
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort gTB|IcOs
0Q8iX)
Heis living an easy life now. comfortable $= 2[Q
7.g,&s%q
Itis an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer thancheap ones. S1'?"zAmd
economic/economical/economy _v,Wl/YAp
>r,z^]-
Hewent to a very good elementary school. :eB+t`M
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive $
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Nlwt}7
Since1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. ZC<EPUV(
Theacid has no effect on the metal. AE`{k-3=%
Thenew regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. l
6aD3?8LN
Asentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. :J2^Y4l2
Heis not likely to give effect to his threat. h4Arg~Or
effect force power practice [O!/hppN
V|HO*HiB3
Sheencouraged him to take this examination. d.B<1"MQ
Encourage/support/backup/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire 2_?VR~mA#
,+gtr.
end Some plays are so successful that theyrun for years on end. Qx!Bf_,J
Imust warn you that my patience is almost at an end. '%*hs8s
I'vewarned you no end of times not to touch that machine. ]; g~)z
Ihope that everything will turn out all right in the end. v{*2F
Hehad approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he wasat his wit's end. k][{4~z
Weended the diner up with fruit and coffee. bun_R-
Whenthe reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. )fS6H<*
Theargument between the two men ended in a fight. HAs/f#zAk6
Thegovernment is determined to put an end to terrorism. %P#|
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{c drMP@""
He'sentitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. 2@HmZ!|Q
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower [=Nv=d<[p
7/Bj WU5*
Thesoldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. aSHN*tP%y
equip provide k{ZQM
A4;~+L :M
Theyhave the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive @KZW*-"
3k8.5W
Mywife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. la$%%@0/
exert practice exercise impose avail 7W&XcF
jgkY^l
Heis one of the greatest contemporary writers. Hf30
ve}
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent ke/4l?zs
X~\O]
He must face up to the fact that he is nolonger young. live face come j4=\MK
x&EMg!
Devotionis essential for work. ;
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Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable n1'i!NWt
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent M%SNq|Lo
a785xSUV
Nothingis everlasting. YXdo&'Q<qX
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/forgood 7c@5tCcC-
cVm
F'g
Thebird extended its wings in flight. N7X(gh2h
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify ;2sP3!*
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Hernose is a very attractive feature.
9p4SxMMO
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark 7WmY:g#s
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Areyou in favor of women taking part in politics? fM*aZc*Y
Inthe favor ``rYzj
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Theinternational situation is favorable to us. Advantageous '68#7Hs.
CT<z1)#@^
Panic swept through the swimmers asthey caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. $lUz!mjG
TensionExcitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot xZ QyH
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Rd
AfterTom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. {L M Q
Thechildren hid in the house and ate their fill. }me`(zp
The price of vegetables fluctuates accordingto the weather. NZwi3
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders J*^ i=y
<LX-},?P
There are fine distinctions between thetwo. /<o?T{z<-
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant aq(i^d
yv$hIU2X
Michael found it difficult to get hisBritish jokes across to American audience. O}6
*9Xy
Understand comprehend catch on get jd}~#:FUr*
ykxAm\O
Hegave a gift for my birthday. $bZ5@)E
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/dealout }|znQ3A2\l
/handout/turn in ;g<y{o"Q3p
S*WLb/R2
Hehad a good house, a good wife and a good job. DMKtTt[}
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent W"tGCnd
F$O$Y[
Theygrouped together in fours. [X@JH6U
r
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate +zl[C
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Whenhe was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what washappening around him. Hang loaf loiter FbW$H]C$
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across J!@R0U.
Hernew film is quite a hit. success a!
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Therent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect Z55C4F5v
6 8Vxy
hold She held back, not knowing how to breakthe terrible news. =pnQ?2Og
Ithink he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. )C rsm&
Shealways holds to her convictions. v:NQrN
Theforthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. H,LJ$
py
Roadworks on the highway are holding up traffic. bb-u'"5^]
There was something wrong with the trafficsignal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. KNOVb=#f_
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up FRayB VHL
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones youbought last week. the same as Iq
0ew
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Ifonly I were rich! vXG?8Q
Onlyif I am rich, I can do what I want. *0<)PJ T
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Immoralvs amoral 4Ofkagg
Hedeserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. mo&9=TaG
'p[B`Ft3F
Itwas he that initiated this project. =uR3|U(.|u
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/breakthe ice j@{dsS:6
CW]
Th-xc
Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greaterincentive than the prize. 6-+wfrN2
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) wNmC1HOh
#G=AD
/z
Weare in for trouble. ^|2m&2
Heknow the ins and outs of the problem. ~Bi%8G
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trade he traded in his car for a new model. bm-&H
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