Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (21) ____ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (22) ____ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (23) ____ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society that children commit crimes in (24) ____ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status (25) ____ as a rejection of middle-class values. BuwY3F\-O
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, (26) ____ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (27) ____ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (28) ____ to criticism. u4j5w
Changes in the social structure may indirectly (29) ____ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (30) ____ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (31) ____ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (32) ____ lead more youths into criminal behavior. _g. {MTQ
Families have also (33) ____ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; (34) ____, children are likely to have less supervision at home (35) ____ was common in the traditional family (36) ____. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other (37) ____ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased (38) ____ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing (39) ____ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, (40) ____ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established. D]}G.
v1
21.[A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] cementing M}Sv8D]I
22.[A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because #* }+J3/
23.[A] interactions [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation HV
.t6@\};
24.[A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response #F#%`Rv1
25.[A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else hQ i
2U
26.[A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding ys~x $
27.[A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with ise-O
1'
28.[A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject 0mn w{fE8_
29.[A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect / +\ 9S
30.[A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount q7!{?\T%
31.[A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length
"#] $r
32.[A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence + H.`MZ=
33.[A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced >bxS3FCX
34.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously ZEQ Ex]Y
35.[A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as ^_6|X]tz1T
36.[A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage K8~d^G
37.[A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible hc1N ~$3!G
38.[A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability Gq6*SaTk
39.[A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity <[phnU^
8
40.[A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposing GmG 5[?)
9z0p5)]n>
|zU- KGO&
