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楼主  发表于: 2009-12-16   

考博基础词汇 笔记

考博基础词汇 笔记 h[ .  
[?]N GTr#  
^h[6{F~J  
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Abandon The match was abandoned because of bad weather. 72<9xNcB!}  
ban  abolish  abort  cancel  cross out   wipe out   put off  delay   BIx*t9wA  
desert/forsake/ leave / cease / depart  / discard / relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up I,?NYIG"(  
W5|{A])N  
abide We have to abide by the rules of the game.  (abide  observe  discover  adapt ) 3lUVDNbZ  
Her fame will abide for sure.  Last/endure/ continue/persist/remain/stay S <mZs;  
     { *_Ln  
vt EfH  
You have to keep ______ with the times.   '@n"'vks(\  
Abreast/up  catch up with  go along with  fit in with (X Z[-M7  
v{" nyW6#  
absorb  He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call. M Kyj<@[  
engage/occupy/bend over/involve/be busy with t[|oSF#i  
^twyy9VR  
Abundant/rich  The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game xdSMYH{2A  
}QE.|.fA1  
access  In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library. }<Ydj .85  
Way/approach/solution/answer/ )]>t(  
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/at hand EjPR+m  
(kL"*y/"p  
His words are never in _____ with his deeds.  (situation   accordance   according   fit) d?oXz|;H(  
I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore.      in agreement with/ be compatible with /comply with /conform  to/be in proportion to 6#=Iv X4  
a~2Jf @I3  
account  He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independently c)EYX o  
You have to take everything into account/consideration. Attention/regard/respect/mind 0akJv^^D  
Give us an account of what happened.  Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement '/GB8L  
He has been asked to account for his absence. ( describe  tell  relate  answer for  say  explain   explicate) 5<Kt"5Z%7  
tB;PGk_6  
acquire   to acquire a good knowledge of English.  Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure  (?Ku-k  
W6?=9].gc  
active  He is very active in politics.   FBE|pG7  
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic eC/{c1C  
/K H85/s  
adapt  To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation. C:1(<1K  
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit L,zx\cj?z  
L|[i<s;  
accustom  She is ______to living in comfort.  (accustomed/used   addict  be familiar with) w5Fk#zJv  
bB@=J~l4  
admit  It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays.   :[a*I6/^  
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/ acknowledge/adopt) J>X@g;  
^E%R5JN  
adequate Their earnings are barely adequate to their needs. gV)/lDEM5  
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample GUL~k@:_k  
X au %v5r  
advantage  The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money. |X{j^JP 5  
Benefit/gain/upper hand     interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns Q]5_s{kiz  
D*UxPm"pw  
Aim  His aim is to win the game.   ?z&n I#  
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination 4+8)0;<H  
7 \xCNOKh  
Amass  He amassed a great fortune in twenty years.   Xg.Lo2s  
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heap up/store up AXcmN  
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang o4: e1  
Figure/digit/measure ,'C*?mms  
ambitious  These young men were ambitious for success and money. fFEB#l!oUb  
Eager for/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intent upon )h ,v(Rxa  
L%[>z'Zp  
amount  His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds.   tIn`L6b  
Add up to/approximate/total/sum up   m p_7$#{l  
;Q3[} ]su  
The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. iB99.,o-&  
sum/measure/quantity/price/value uPho|hDp  
8(ZQM01;  
angle  Try looking at this affair from a different angle. aspect 1N65 M=)  
/view/point of view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment `JV(ae0  
theory/outlook ;E{jn4B'  
lpPPI+|4N  
announce  He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board. o]V.6Ge-  
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/make known d@^%fVhG  
1tO96t^d%  
anticipate  A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do. )cL(()N  
expect/ look forward to/await/foresee/hope for He8]Eb  
NHUJ:j@  
anything  The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Not at all f4,|D |  
bGB$a0  
The apparent things might not tell of the truth. @}PXBU   
apparent obvious seeming evident clear plain byP<!p*  
,_$J-F?  
apart  Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking.   Uufig)6  
Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. PI$i_3N  
Except for / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition <!G\%C  
feS$)H9-  
He was appointed member of the committee. =!DX,S7  
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/vote for n>,GmCo  
7MZH'nO  
appeal  I appeal to him for help.  implore/plead/beg R<I#. KD  
fp(zd;BSQ  
apply  Please apply to the secretary for further information. kWa5=BW2f  
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone. K@:omT  
y:Gn58\o  
approve  Many people don't approve of the plan. disapprove i/C% 1<  
like/prefer/endorse/accept/think well of E_'H=QN c  
R#YeE`K  
arise The company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. OqRRf   
Rise raise rouse arouse arise !#%>,X#+  
Originate/ derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up / ~".GZ&29  
RcJtVOrd  
artificial/artistic Her painting is a great artistic creation. cR!M{U.q  
#Vmf 6  
ashamed /shameful   embarrassed/embarrassing  frustrated/frustrating  humiliated/humiliating ~ a4Y8r  
Ashamed of having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. vm;%713#1  
KX;JX*)J  
acquaint  I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will be glad to get acquainted with. "l-#v| 54  
associate/link / touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with / relate   xR kw+  
7BIN qVS&  
I assume that success is a sum of mistakes. ' =5B   
Assume  think  suppose  presume  suspect  understand  take for granted   6jBi?>[I  
\1<|X].jNY  
assure  I can assure you of my support.   =#p Yd~  
confirm  assure   ensure   insure  convince  guarantee  pledge  promise   )qMbk7:v\  
W 2[]m>;  
You’ve got to attain the mastery of at least on foreign language. _()1 "5{  
Attain  gain  accomplish  finish  fulfill  realize   complete / yBrlf  
J;^PM:6  
attribute  Jim attributes his success to hard work.  owe  ascribe   })70S8k  
7$g$p&,VX  
avoid  You should avoid driving in the center of the town during the rush hour. eC%Skw  
Avoid  shun  escape  evade  keep away from   _A!Fp0}`  
b+:J?MR;}  
The government has banned the used of chemical weapons. >P@V D" U  
Bar prohibit  exclude  forbid  shut out  block   obstruct lqMr@ :t  
OqciZ@#5n  
bargain  The dress is quite a bargain.  bargain  sale   IL An2W  
=z"+)N  
basis  On the basis of our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year. i@5Fne  
China has been following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. 4P1}XYD-2  
ground   foundation N2'aC} I  
8Vj'&UY  
Scientists say it may be five or ten years before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.   6*>L ud  
As soon as  before   the second   the minute  the moment   jMTM:~0N  
9-{=m+|b  
You can’t blame all this on me. &R@([=1  
He is the last one to blame for the accident. e*lL.  
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn G'G8`1Nj  
HrsG^x  
board  He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging.  food /meals h,m 90Hd+  
board/ committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team cXqYO|3/M  
`wtso  
boast  You should not boast of your success. Brag show off :[_ms d  
*QiQ,~Ep  
boom  Production boomed. <OGG(dI  
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speed up/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper qJdlZW<  
X@DW1<wEt  
brief  It is a long letter, but in brief, he says "No".  short [DM0'4  
esn q/  
We are bound for London.   Head  make   _i+@HXR &  
The weather is bound to get better tomorrow.   Likely  going to \$w kr  
There are no bounds to his ambition.  Limit confine restriction \|S!g _30m  
1Q>nS[  
call  This situation¬¬¬¬_____________ for prompt action.   (calls in calls at calls on calls for) .N qXdari  
They have called off their engagement. &2`p#riAS  
MWh Y&I+  
She was calm when I told her of the terrible news. _2!8,MX  
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful ;[Mvk6^'R  
lQ;BI~  
We should not doubt his capability. zOs}v{8"  
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency m|aK_  
FzJ7 OE |  
Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends. 4D0jt$==  
Career job vocation trade calling work profession occupation <:}nd:l1  
hWT jN  
There is no reason why we should not carry on with it. Oo|PZ_P  
Carry on  go on  keep on  continue  work on  be under way  be in process :u14_^  
?q:|vt  
case  In any case I shall return in a day or two.  If even if  for fear  on condition __g k:a>oQ  
by/H:5}7  
center  She centered her attention on the problem. V95o(c.p  
Focus  concentrate  fix   G.rz6o;  
lvO6&sF1  
charge The charge against him was severe. \wK&wRn)  
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/ guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment @AEH?gOX  
X8$i*#D  
Since the situation is changing, let’s take some _____ measures to deal with it. %f;dn<m=c  
flexible   changeable   changing   /;*_[g5*i  
%F;BL8d  
If I had the choice, I would retire at thirty. 1xB}Ed*k  
Selection/preference/option/alternative v'W{+>.  
No one came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. h'y%TOob  
 w4U,7%V  
cling  She clung to the hope that he was still alive.   ^65I, Z"  
Stick  adhere    hold  grasp ]`/>hH>+~9  
7n7Xyb  
close The ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. + >Wo:kp3  
Listen closely and look closely, you’ll find it out. Q^(CqQo!<  
paqGW]  
A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity. = ;rLv7(a  
Tip  information  news  wind  message  clue  evidence  sign  proof  key \^!;r9z=A  
mZ+!8$1X  
combine  Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water.   FK _ ZE>  
blend  mix   mingle  fuse  unite  couple  join v:t;Uk^Y  
JrzPDb`m  
comment  I'm afraid I can't comment on your work just yet.  Remark   !HY ^QK  
criticism  judgment  decision  evaluation  criterion  standard   remark   e^y9Kmd  
]auvtm- [  
commit  I cannot commit myself to any further expense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is.   Devote  dedicate   a(gXvgrf[  
7he 73  
Compare this with that, and you will see which is the better.  Contrast vqm|D&HU  
Poets have compared sleep to death. B=|R?t (*  
She is lovely beyond compare. y )QLR<wf  
comparison  This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. 6G8No-#y  
I have done little this year in comparison with what I did last year.  LA3m,  
Comparable/comparative eh86-tQI~(  
5vx 4F f  
compel  We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should. aU!}j'5Q  
Force  oblige  urge  require  drive  press  work hard on   push  prompt thjr1y.e  
'RjEdLrI  
He has formed a good habit. htB A.eQ  
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build y;b#qUd5a  
Assemble/manufacture/produce AyE*1 FD  
-CvmZ:n  
Next year, Susan has to take three compulsory courses.  Required H$`U] =s|  
btW#ebm  
compose The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. fn}E1w  
Consist of/ be made up of  / contain / include/hold/cover/comprise odhcD;^X1  
K=gg<E<  
comprehensive /Comprehensible MBWoPK  
She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject.   \e86'&  
#-L0.z(  
conscious  She was not conscious of his presence in the room.   Aware _XZ Gj:V  
j.=:S;  
Considerate/considerable  It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmas card. 6 H|SiO9  
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic GfONm 6A  
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful +X WTu!  
|"*P`C=  
contend  I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil.  2E*=EjGV  
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel rJiF2W  
x6cG'3&T  
Our journey was slow because the train stopped continually at different villages. e$9a9twl  
continuously vs continually |f_'(-v`E  
 VY6G{f  
convey  Words cannot convey how delighted I am.   express 5{=+ S]  
SdnnXEB7  
cope  Poor Mary!  She has so much to cope with.   mm>l:M TF  
deal with  live with  be put up with  tolerate  endure   bear   stand   be fed up with   ag'hHFV  
)Xdq+$w.  
correspond   8F[ ];LF>  
This word in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. I~l qg  
4)iP%%JH  
count   Her opinion counts because of her experience.   "}()/  
Matter  be of importance  significant wR_mJMk_  
f0P,j~]  
Don’t count on a salary increase this year.  ?s,oH  
believe  depended  count   confide  rely  depend  bank Sh#N5kgD  
$}vk+.!*1  
critical  If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions.   >lIzeEW#  
Crucial  urgent  pressing  decisive b36{vcs~  
Ironic  faultfinding  picky  fastidious   sarcastic )j2 #5`?"j  
+pYgh8w@  
cure  This medicine should cure you of your cold. zU1D@  
Remind  relieve  inform  deprive  rob   break   N[eL Qe]q  
hTa X@=Ra  
It is not my custom to give in. qt9jZtx  
Custom  habit  use  practice  manner  way  pattern  tendency  fashion  routine  nature D2VYw<tEA  
& en2t=a  
The damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair. ?Tc|3U  
destruction damage  harm  ruin  injury  bruise  impact  spoil  wrong pain agony distress "d<uc j  
grieve  hurt  impair  abuse  plague  epidemic              debris/trash/junk/rubbish ou0TKE9 _  
by1q"\-,  
decline  Steel production has been on the decline in these countries.   u>;aQtK~  
Diminish  decrease  fall  drop  dip  sink  reduce xD*Zcw(vj~  
|8E~C~d  
deep   They dived deep into the ocean. d"5_x]Z;  
She was deeply interested in classical music. Lu^uY7 ?}  
b bq`gEV  
degree  She has also affected but to a lesser degree. Extent I;}U/'RR>  
Mx w-f4j  
deem They deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. F3V:B.C  
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/think over mNC?kp  
A good mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. gGE{r}$  
Demand/require/call for V=fu[#<@Ig  
Q.9,W=<6  
deny  They denied her the opportunity to see her father. ] K&ca  
refuse     decline   rejects  turn down   1/1oT  
w}6~t\9D  
die  She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. Ng<ic  
The storms are dying down. *DcIC]ao[  
The noise of the car died away in the distance. /V0Put  
The members of the family had all died off. D(Z#um8n  
This species has died out. }+lK'6  
xBc$qjV  
Can you describe what he looks like?  %o/@0.w  
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell t{UWb~"  
mx1Bk9h%Xe  
They were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. D*46,>Tv  
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious %;]/Z%!  
| #a{1Z)  
She was in his eyes a devoted mother. 9FC_B+7  
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous fWJOP sp*/  
The sewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. orWF>o=1  
Discharge/discard / cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / give away/ aiX4;'$x!  
throw away/cast off/get rid of G,6`:l  
6}@T^?  
display  We were amazed by the rich variety of commodities on display. `6Q+N=k~Z  
Her writings display natural talents.   H[g i`{c  
Exhibit  show  indicate  specify  illustrate  demonstrate  expose  present SANb g&$  
   wBI:}N@.  
distinct  Mice are distinct form rats. ?st}rJ_  
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar |]:6IuslJ  
Long sentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. WSF$xC /~  
Characteristic  explicit  definite  candid   unmistakable  expressive   direct e?XGv0^qu  
R))4J  
The light is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. @G=:@;  
distinguish  tell  separate  divide   (0_]=r=q  
He is one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. ELG{xN=o  
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized $Y$s*h_-/<  
/prominent/important/superior $+{o*  
/ gaC  
In the dark I could only discern the outline of the building. &RS)U72  
Discern/see/make out/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold *!NW!,R  
v!S(T];)  
diverse  There are people from diverse cultures at the party.  different  various  comprehensive `Lw Z(M-hI  
isnpSN"z  
He refused to disclose his name and address. H11@ DQ6  
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray Zic:d-Q47  
1?TgI0HS  
They drew up the contract and presented it to the management. \WUCm.w6\%  
The train drew in/into the station.  pull kmJ<AnK  
draw  pull  drag  push  heave  lift  haul   A6;[r #C  
draw  crawl  creep  linger on  drag  near  be oncoming/ongoing 2fm6G ).m  
tQMz1$  
She drove her car into the forest. s,laJf  
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride FGo)] U  
~vZ1.y4  
Don’t discourage her; she is doing her best.  Vs encourage v9D[| 4  
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keep from/try to stop Hc0V4NHCaL  
VM3)L>x]/  
The shoes are expensive but durable. > LU !Z  
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong (/P-9<"U  
,y7X>M2  
It is your duty to go. Pi[(xD8  
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role *; 6LX  
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort 8?o{{ay  
aTLr%D:Ka  
He is living an easy life now.   comfortable F xXnX  
U,`F2yD/!  
It is an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. Nu; 9  
economic/economical/economy ub{Yg5{3S\  
   %G]WOq=q  
He went to a very good elementary school. x1`Jlzrp,  
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive )5U7w  
l'\m' Ioh  
Since 1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. QJH~YV\%  
The acid has no effect on the metal. 4L2TsuLw  
The new regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. `9VRT`e  
A sentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence.  9\R+g5  
He is not likely to give effect to his threat. F)tcQO"G  
effect  force  power  practice   <(o) * Zmo  
yLvU@V@~  
She encouraged him to take this examination. )G|'PXI@,  
Encourage/support/back up/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire iC<qWq|S_m  
J po(O>\P  
end  Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. ]A:G>K  
I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. nA#dXckoc  
I've warned you no end of times not to touch that machine. 09HqiROw  
I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end. *f+DV[DF  
He had approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he was at his wit's end. {cAGOxwd  
We ended the diner up with fruit and coffee. RZ:= ';  
When the reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. `CEHl &w  
The argument between the two men ended in a fight. 8Nf%<nUv  
The government is determined to put an end to terrorism. |VML.u:N  
e:RgCDWL  
He's entitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. agPTY{;  
entitle  qualify  authorize   enable   sanction  empower a.s5>:Ct  
.d%CD`8!  
The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. t\\`#gc9~i  
equip  provide &BJ"T  
7F wo t&  
They have the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company.  inclusive CR'1,  
]*vv=@"`e  
My wife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. S/7?6y~  
exert  practice  exercise  impose  avail Xg1QF^  
'@,M 'H{  
He is one of the greatest contemporary writers. p;9"0rj,z  
Existing  living  contemporary  lately—later---late---latter  current  recent   z[0B"f  
|#`qP^E  
He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young.  live   face   come 2"!s8x1$  
]?a i  
Devotion is essential for work. pt=H?{06  
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable 4S3uzy%  
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent :[.**,0R  
fy|$A@f  
Nothing is everlasting. %oHK=],|1  
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/for good LF\HmKM,  
|kh7F0';"  
The bird extended its wings in flight. /V$U%0  
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify @PAT|6  
M.?[Xpa  
Her nose is a very attractive feature. /m CE=  
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark =WM^i86  
6g&Ev'  
Are you in favor of women taking part in politics? g}n-H4LI  
In the favor ,v$Q:n|  
The international situation is favorable to us.  Advantageous =C 7WQ  
+Fa!<txn  
Panic swept through the swimmers as they caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. &r)[6a$fW  
Tension Excitement  Fear Nervousness  fuss  ado  chaos  confusion  turmoil  riot @p ZjJ<9QM  
Bvsxn5z+:  
After Tom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. lgQ"K(zY  
The children hid in the house and ate their fill. ~EtwX YkRZ  
The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather. ]+A%3 7  
wavers    vibrates    swings  fluctuates   hesitates   quakes  trembles  shudders #.j}:  
7m:ZG  
There are fine distinctions between the two. D1R$s*{  
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant ^xm%~   
h0a|R4J  
Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes across to American audience. z}w7X6&e  
Understand   comprehend   catch on   get   qsWy <yL+  
<NWq0 3:&  
He gave a gift for my birthday. Hg5 :>?Lw@  
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/deal out Z@,[a  
/hand out/turn in ,0a\Ka {^  
7>lM^ :A  
He had a good house, a good wife and a good job. w)C5XX30;  
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent N@0cn q:"  
+\]Gu (z<  
They grouped together in fours. %+^Qs\j  
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate lHAWZyO  
iD*L<9  
When he was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what was happening around him.  Hang  loaf  loiter   $b(CN+#  
l];/,J^  
hit  She hit on a good title for her new novel.  Come across p(6 sN=  
Her new film is quite a hit. success pX+4B=*  
The rent increase will hit the pockets of the poor.  Affect T+e*'<!O  
b~qH/A}h  
hold  She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news. %&S9~E D  
I think he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. q=}1 ud}1  
She always holds to her convictions. "9 f+F  
The forthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. zz /4 ()u  
Road works on the highway are holding up traffic. Ss%1{s~ok  
There was something wrong with the traffic signal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. 0<O()NMv  
A. held on      B. held back      C. held out     D. held up 9:P]{}  
K`2(Q  
identical  This copy is identical with/to the ones you bought last week.  the same as )U=]HpuzI  
H8B$# .  
If only I were rich!   #*:^\z_Jd  
Only if I am rich, I can do what I want. Qe{w)e0}`  
BlQ X$s]  
Immoral vs amoral `CI_zc=jx  
He deserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. Ulx]4;uzf  
lLDZ#'&An  
It was he that initiated this project. *mVg_Kl  
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/break the ice "?.#z]']  
Z XGi> E  
Incentive  The fun of playing the game was a greater incentive than the prize. }z x ~  
(excitement   initiative   motive   entertainment) ;0Pv49q  
Mx$&{.LFJ  
We are in for trouble. ?:ZB'G{%E  
He know the ins and outs of the problem. *67K_<bp]  
Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. t:5-Ro  
31@Lr[!  
A good teacher should be impartial to his students. .z.4E:Iq  
Impartial/impersonal/unbiased/neutral/disinterested/just/fairdetatched  unconcerned indifferent {BT/P!  
mr^3Y8 $s  
This car is inferior to the one I bought last year. c%J6!\  
inferior  superior  senior  junior  similar  prior \?d3Pn5`  
2h'Wu qO  
The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen insight into human nature. m$kQbPlatN  
intellect  insight   perception   understanding  comprehension  wisdom  intuition 9MYk5q.X:  
6FQi=}O1  
No doubt, a trade mark pertains to a firm’s intangible assets. -g]Rs !w'  
intangible  invisible m&Mupl  
7l=;I%  
interfere /intervene  If you interfere in /with other people's affairs, you will regret it. 67YC;J]n=z  
6JDHwV  
He testified in court that he had seen the prisoner run out of the bank after it had been robbed. q8 ?kBKP  
testified   witnessed   justified  identified  notify  specify { K]5[bMT  
kkF)Tro\  
keep  I can't understand you keeping a thing like that to yourself.  :^.wjUI  
Please keep to the point --- we are running out of time. V@G#U[D  
I can’t keep up with all the changes in computer science. #Ub_m@@ 4  
If you want to fulfill your dream, you have to keep ______it.  (to  /    up  on) lUm(iYv;H  
Keep/have/hold/maintain/preserve/conserve/save/tend/protect/guard/sustain/uphold/bear/posess $'4 98%K2  
sQvRupYRO  
They did not only lack water, they also lacked in courage. HYmC3  
Want/be in need/ fall short 4hL%J=0:  
i#]e&Bru5  
large  The dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. RZm%4_p4s  
By and large, the company has been good to me. :$MOdLr  
z1PwupXt1  
This is law and you can’t change as you wish. (+> 2&@@<  
Rule/principle/stamdard/formula/act/decree/regulation/legislation/lawmaking/resolution/statute QPJ \Iu@D$  
~&i4FuK  
She saw a notice “ apartment to let”. n qcq3o*B  
Let/rent/lease/charter/contract/agreement 1iy$n  
Wwq:\C  
She is the one that laid out the town. tS'lJu  
He was laid off for his ill performance. >='/%Ad  
I&;>(@K  
liable likely probable    liable responsible accountable answerable .Pc>1#z&[  
People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars.  wA"@t  
e1m?g&[  
She liked the black dress and bought it although it was very expensive. { mi}3/  
Like/prefer/fancy/take to/enjoy/care for/be fond of 9DxHdpOk  
kQ`tY`3F  
The football match was televised live from the workers’ stadium. =3e7n2N)  
alive   live   life    lively   living   lovely ) 7/Cg  
8\n3 i"  
I am not sure of the exact location of the café. Da=EAG-{7  
Location/position/place/area/zone/territory/district/section/neighborhood/spot/site/situation QU"WpkO  
F"@%7xy  
Recent research has shed/cast/thrown new light on the causes of the disease. rhJ&* 0M  
AjC:E+g  
The mansion was splendid. q2qi~}l  
Splendid/magnificent/grand/majestic/superb/exquisite/marvelous/wonderful *] 6g-E?:@  
/glorious/imposing/impressive/brilliant/phenomenal/exceptional/remarkable/miraculous 2"Os9 KD  
sVLvnX,  
I can’t make out what she wants. :RaQ =C  
The ship made for the open sea. U<Pjn)M~B  
What are we to make of his behavior? "s2_X+4oY  
Nothing can make up for the loss of a life. '%N?r,x C  
He has made it up with her. Av X1*  
M&Uy42,MR  
A frequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda.   2w?q7N%  
Mentioned  quoted   referred to   w_9^YO! !  
6#=jF[  
mood  I am not in the ______ for joking.  sentiment  emotion  mood  feeling  sentimentality sensation  sense  sensitivity   i! .]U@{k  
h<9s& p  
nerve  My children are always getting on my nerves. Y-VDi.]W  
i_Kwxn$  
Can you really afford this amount? BZq#OA p  
Amount/sum/quantity/number/portion -t`kb*O3`  
A (large) number of problems have arisen. `MtzA^Xr  
The number of books stolen from the library is large. OgQd yU  
The marks were below average. L*@`i ]jl  
Average/middle/medium/normal/ordinary/moderate/halfway/regular/usual zj 6I:Q r  
u[>"_!T  
The method is ok; the problem is the procedure. #mxOwvJ  
Method/way/approach/manner/means/fashion/style/procedure/process/course/plan/scheme/design/ YIQD9   
m%'nk"p9  
The mutual benefit.  Mutual/reciprocal/common/joint :@A&HkF  
/K=OsMl2b8  
observe  You’ve got to ______ the laws of the land.   2d)D hxzxk  
Abide by/follow/obey/comply with   CM6% g f3  
DfXkLOGik  
occur  Has it ever occurred to you that those twins are quite different from each other in many ways? B8&q$QV  
TI>5g(:3\  
We can afford to overlook these minor offenses. qu=~\t1[6  
Overlook/neglect/forget/miss/ignore/skip/disregard/pass over Tz @<hE  
1d^~KBfv  
own  Do you mean you have left her to do that on her own? "LBMpgpU  
He’d like a car of his own. )aS:h}zn  
Nobody owned up to the theft. m\:^9A4HCg  
Kb~nC6yJc  
This is a painstaking effort.  Careful 73Dxf -  
x:SjdT  
They walked the path every morning. P1#g{f  
Path/route/line/road/track/trail/way/journey/excursion/voyage/trip 2/-m-5A  
tXE/aY*I  
peculiar  That way of speaking is peculiar to people in this small part of the country. ;-db/$O  
distinctive / typical/ characteristic/ representative/ special/ particular / unique / notable/ particular     UZdnsG7  
WowKq0sn  
The government gets a(n) ____ from taxes. di\.*7l?  
income    revenue   fund   payment  wages  finance  budget  expenditure   t]xz7VQ  
%bcf% 7  
persist  It should be obvious to you that if you persist in bothering him, he will get angry with you. &4Z8df!  
SKG U)Rn;  
I shall be very _____ if you could do me a favor. ;>,B(Xz4i  
pleasing    pleasant    grateful    thankful   pleased   gracious  generous [R]V4Hb  
F|%PiC,,qO  
point   She was just on the point of going away when Betty came in. vJE=H9E  
As I was in a hurry I asked him to come to the point at once. k>i88^kPV  
There's no point in arguing further. Q%CrB>|@  
He made an excellent speech, and everything he said was to the point. (Mc{nFqS  
It is very rude to point at people in the street. 6(rm%c  
If/when it came to the point, would you sacrifice your job for your principles? "6,fIsU  
popular  populous  populated   1^_W[+<S/  
A game that is very popular among/with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. ]& D dy&V  
2Z; !N37U  
The child showed great _______of mind by grabbing the falling baby. %_ew{ff|  
courage  calmness  presence  bravery  boldness  will FH</[7f;@N  
=CzGI|pb  
preside  The chairman presided  at/over the meeting last Friday. <?41-p-;  
m%9Yo%l~  
Virtue will prevail over evil. (N/u@M  
prevail  triumph  win   A6z2KVk  
?0)K[Kd'Y  
In private/ in secret / in person IlJ"t`Z9)  
Matters like this are best discussed in private. <gPM/ 4$G  
k;qS1[a  
They are privileged people in the society. L IKuK#  
Privilege/ right/ liberty/ freedom/advantage/license/ honor SY95s  
7a[6@  
She gave him a prompt reply.   (ot,CpI(I  
quick  rapid  fast  prompt  punctual instant  immediate  ready V;^-EWNj  
;$tdn?|  
The _______ of finding jobs this year are not so good. (expectation  promises future  prospects) ?* ~4~ZE E  
Zl[EpXlZ  
provided   on condition   save  unless  given  suppose   say   Mn5(Kw?o2J  
I will agree to go provided/providing that my expenses are paid. :TVo2Zm[@  
e"1mdw"  
put  She’s put a tidy sum for her retirement. "IS; o o$g  
They decided to put aside their differences. WiH8j$;xu  
She help her put the toys away. _)@G,E33f@  
She is putting radical proposals for the economic reform. vJr,lBHEk  
We had to put off our wedding until September. |Ja 5O  
We can put you up for the night. {^ BZ#)m|  
I don’t know how she can put up with him/his cruelty to her. xTk6q*NvT^  
b73}|4v  
Racial problems exist in everyday life. &pY$\  
Race/breed/people/fold/tribe/nation/culture A46dtFD{  
ZYB5s~;eB"  
range  scope  extent  His speech ranged over a number of topics. 2cu2S"r  
Range/limit/distance/length/scope/extent/reach/field/sphere LQqba4$  
reach  All these were within the reach of the ordinary men. 2K3j3|T  
Put that bottle of weed-killer out of the reach of the children. pv4#`.m  
He reached for his gun. 3h kEjR  
n[BYBg1yG  
Her requirements are reasonable. alxIc.[  
Reasonable/sensible/fair/logical/just/sound/rational/practical/realistic/justifiable Li8/GoJW-T  
My favorite recreation is chess. d~.hp  
Recreation/amusement/entertainment/play/pleasure/enjoyment/relaxation/pastime/fun p  Dg!Cs  
5T"h7^ }e  
They had to seed refuge from the storm. .|:(VG$MfI  
Refuge/shelter/asylum/protection 6QHUBm2  
;Srzka2  
I have registered for the English course. YY>&R'3[  
Register/record/enroll/list/enter/sign/fill out a form u9 *ic~Nh  
cri-u E?  
receive  accept E)'T;%  
I hear that John has _____ a new position at the travel agency. ;M+~ e~  
RR`\q>|  
red  black A large number of American radio stations operate in the red. F(U(b_DPM  
8`<3rj  
regard  Motion means change of position of an object in/with regard to the position of some other object or objects. s2tNQtq 0W  
I have little information as regards his past. gsIp y  
She said nothing regarding your request. S>[&]  
Please give my sincere regards to all the members of your family. x` 4|^ u  
Some people act regardless of what will happen afterwards. h-03]M#8=  
They helped solve the problems in high ______ to the living conditions of the people. PywUPsJ  
(attention  regard  intention  stress) n2opy8J#!  
w!UIz[ajI  
relevant  His age isn't relevant to whether he is a good teacher. PTF|"^k+   
9KL)5_6 M  
Reluctant  Today black children in South Africa are still reluctant to study subjects from which they were effectively barred for so long.  Unwilling I_`$$-|  
9 KU3)%U  
remedy  The doctor soon found a remedy for the boy's illness. tHJahK:"k  
Cure/heal/treat/mend/correct xn<x/e  
!imjfkG  
respect  With respect to your requests, we regret that we are unable to assist you in this matter. _10I0Z0  
Respect/adore/appreciate/honor/admire/look up to/fall for/be crazy about %G, d&%f  
d`xDv$QZ  
In this respect the film is a failure. RPTIDA))  
respectful   respective   respectable  respected 8J 0#lu  
Teams of rescue have been sent out ____ to look for the missing members of the crew. \lpvRZ\L&g  
#@cEJV;5"  
His limp is the result of an accident. {G-y7y+E  
Result/consequence/end/effect/outcome/fruit/produce/conclusion i7O8f^|  
q:P44`Aq  
risk  He saved my life at the risk of losing his own. E#yG}UWe  
He was ready to run(take) the risk of being taken prisoner by the enemy. AgJPtzs  
The future of the whole company is at risk. MJcWX|(y  
Risk/chance/gamble/endanger/expose _^NL{R/  
6 $5SS #  
They rose up against foreign invaders. Y-P?t+l  
Rebel  revolt   riot   5J*h7  
_vOSOnU  
I’ve been on the run all day, and I am exhausted.  B"Ttr+  
I ran across/into my old friend in Paris last week. Nk$OTDwP  
We are running out of time. F t;[>o  
2]_fNCNLN  
He ruled over his kingdom successfully for twenty years. NfXEW-  
Rule/govern/control/dominate/head/lead/manage/direct/supervise/administer/order/instruct 71k >_'fl  
Guide/influence/handle/regulate 6iJ\7  
7HEUmKb"  
scale  Synthetic rubbers are now being produced on a large scale. @<=<?T> 1  
scratch  He threw away everything he had written and started the novel again from scratch. @l@erCw@  
f2 6hB;n  
I’ll have to see about getting the roof mended.  kSU]~x  
We all went to the airport to see her off. cp3O$S  
Her colleagues see her as the future prime minister. J+f*D+x1  
Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting? e'5sT#T9l  
~cW,B}  
I must set about packing now. nrRP1`!]T  
Her clear and elegant prose sets apart from most other journalists. f]]UNS$AYQ  
Let’s set aside my personal feelings. J4q_}^/2w  
She set out/forth at dawn. y[I)hSD=  
He is set on going to university. NekPl/4  
TCetd#;R  
settle   You should settle your affairs before you leave. x10u?@  
When are you going to marry and settle down. 0m&W: c  
Settle/decide/resolve/reconcile/mend M%qHf{ B  
=.8fES  
short  All along he has been striving not to fall short of his parents' expectations. b =Oec%Adx  
Things couldn’t be worse financially: in short, we are bankrupt. .u$o^; z!  
Becoming a doctor requires years of training ----- there are really no short cuts. FR? \H"'x  
He never allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for their education. ctu`FQ  
His real name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short. 5BB: .  
The country is short in known deposits of coal and iron. 2mfKy9QxO  
The interviewer cut short his guest in mid-sentence. %<[U\TL`  
M Qlx&.>  
spirit  The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. vZ/Bzy@|  
I went back and found them in high/low spirits. >`=<(8bu  
o=y0=,:a?9  
stock  The sugar is out of stock. vOi4$I~CJ  
WHKe\8zWq  
They subjected the two suspects to a long and thorough interrogation. x{#W84  
We are subject to the law of the land. QeNN*@ ='i  
Subject/topic/issue/question/problem/concern/test/plot/theme fsz:A"0H  
o2e gNTG  
sympathize  We sympathize with him in his sufferings to a great extent. d@e2+3<  
sympathy  Quite a number of people are in sympathy with you on that point. 5VhJ*^R`y  
o%sx(g=q6  
attraction     temptation wC`+^>WFo  
As always, I had to fight the _____ to take what she willingly offered. ^q)AO?_  
Tempt/invite/attract/appeal/lure/seduce <% GfF![v  
%8$ldNhV  
thought  On second thoughts, I am inclined to agree with you. }\3jcnn  
Electricity was at one time thought of as a kind of fluid.  G%5ZG$as  
trace  Her fear of water can traced back to a childhood accident. 32x[6"T  
trade   he traded in his car for a new model. E UjA-L(  
TAp8x  
He grew very angry when he realized how he had been ____ out of his money. .-4]FGg3  
trick   deceive   cheat  betray  fool   S\R5SRE  
KuJNK uHa.  
what he said is true. (L'|n *Cr  
True/real/actual/unmistaken/certain/valid/genuine/authentic/natural/legitimate 8"yZS)09  
X<mlaXwrA  
turn  We came to an arrangement whereby the two of us took the young lady out by turns. t+Au6/Dx?  
He picked up all the books in turn and examined them. %_%Bb Qf  
I didn’t need my umbrella, as it/things turned out. CWa~~h<r-  
She turned a deaf ear to our warnings. @RXkj-,eC#  
He was someone to whom you can turn in difficult times. 0S2/,[-u+  
We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but she failed to turn up. j06qr\Es  
He tried to join the army and was __________ because of poor health. = :BTv[lv  
(turned in  turned down  turned out   turned to) UU*v5&  
DPr~DO`b  
I don’t think she is the artistic type. ve^gzE$<I  
Type/kind/class/sort/species/variety/brand/character D`R~d;U~  
;cfPS  
Whatever he said is ultimate conclusion. DIw9ov>k  
Ultimate/final/conclusive/decisive/eventual/last 53WCF[  
aM+Am,n`@  
Because of the flood, the land yielded nothing that autumn. M;9s  
Yield/bear/produce/ provide/supply /surrender/submit n?*r, )'  
'P)c'uqd#  
This company of soldiers had ______ no women among them, so you could imagine what they joked about.  ( virtually   virtuously   virtual    actual) H3L uRGe&2  
3JEg3|M(  
By the way, have you heard that George is emigrating to Australia? `BVXF#sb  
In no way can teaching in school be separated from practice. "!ks7:}v  
In a way his health is much improved, but he is still not really well. 1 gQ_76Yck  
We must not give way to their demands. %,(X R`  
You can’t have everything your own way. 9yz@hdG  
He has done nothing out the way yet. /@B2-.w  
The bridge ________ and the tank fell into the river.  ( gave way  gave to  gave in  gave up) BbiyyRa  
ne: 'aq  
We’ll all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working on this project.
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