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考博基础词汇 笔记

考博基础词汇 笔记 vN6]6nUOiT  
XC8z|A-@  
Vp0GmZ  
J\8l%4q3  
Abandon The match was abandoned because of bad weather. A?Hjz%EcW  
ban  abolish  abort  cancel  cross out   wipe out   put off  delay   S:GUR6g8D  
desert/forsake/ leave / cease / depart  / discard / relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up ?jM7C}  
=[-- Hf  
abide We have to abide by the rules of the game.  (abide  observe  discover  adapt ) e4_aKuA  
Her fame will abide for sure.  Last/endure/ continue/persist/remain/stay i:Ct6[  
     |&pz,"(  
g!|E!\p  
You have to keep ______ with the times.   m$UT4,Ol  
Abreast/up  catch up with  go along with  fit in with YQ`#C #Wb  
KUqS(u  
absorb  He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call. *9:6t6x  
engage/occupy/bend over/involve/be busy with bb_jD^  
|JQP7z6j]  
Abundant/rich  The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game }8]uZ)[p=  
s3RyLT   
access  In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library. I; }%k;v6  
Way/approach/solution/answer/ 3 a[(GW _  
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/at hand A,[m=9V  
)Ua2x@j'C@  
His words are never in _____ with his deeds.  (situation   accordance   according   fit) v@s`l#  
I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore.      in agreement with/ be compatible with /comply with /conform  to/be in proportion to y#0Z[[I0  
e Em0c]]9  
account  He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independently 3E@&wpj  
You have to take everything into account/consideration. Attention/regard/respect/mind \4X{\ p<  
Give us an account of what happened.  Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement sO-R+G/^7  
He has been asked to account for his absence. ( describe  tell  relate  answer for  say  explain   explicate) 9)hC,)5   
Elk$9 < <  
acquire   to acquire a good knowledge of English.  Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure I}A#*iD  
hs uJ;4}$q  
active  He is very active in politics.   8~+Msn:  
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic M8Lj*JN  
DNO%J^  
adapt  To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation. oh~Dbu=%  
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit <Y6>L};  
b4PK  
accustom  She is ______to living in comfort.  (accustomed/used   addict  be familiar with) CI{TgL:l  
R:<AR.)K  
admit  It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays.   J>v>6OC6i  
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/ acknowledge/adopt) I2Q?7p  
*~X\c Z  
adequate Their earnings are barely adequate to their needs. x B[# a*  
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample _RVXE  
[%q":Ig  
advantage  The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money. -fn~y1  
Benefit/gain/upper hand     interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns |zlwPi.  
0\A[a4crj  
Aim  His aim is to win the game.   7c7SU^hD  
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination g5`YUr+3?h  
0KEl+  
Amass  He amassed a great fortune in twenty years.   W'yICt(#G  
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heap up/store up 7="V7  
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang >EG;2]M&  
Figure/digit/measure 0'",4=c#V  
ambitious  These young men were ambitious for success and money. NO)* UZ  
Eager for/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intent upon p+Xz9A"  
NaIVKo  
amount  His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds.   F{S.f1Bsp  
Add up to/approximate/total/sum up   3/ D fsv  
:.^{!  
The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. 0td;Ag  
sum/measure/quantity/price/value !G37K8 &&*  
(s~hh  
angle  Try looking at this affair from a different angle. aspect G(L*8U< UG  
/view/point of view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment ; 1WclQ!(  
theory/outlook 6_7d1.wv9  
6 BMn7m?  
announce  He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board. /W;;7k  
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/make known Mg].#  
a2zo_h2R  
anticipate  A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do. H 74hv`G9  
expect/ look forward to/await/foresee/hope for  /YHeO  
Z`[j;=[  
anything  The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Not at all zx^)Qb/EL6  
~V<je b  
The apparent things might not tell of the truth. u%2u%-w  
apparent obvious seeming evident clear plain {^~{X$YI  
REa%kU  
apart  Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking.   \]^|IViIQ  
Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. t ;[Me0  
Except for / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition bw@tA7Y  
&c A?|(7-  
He was appointed member of the committee. gxJ(u{2  
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/vote for 3>;U||O  
vWow^g  
appeal  I appeal to him for help.  implore/plead/beg NvYgRf}uh  
%e _WO,R  
apply  Please apply to the secretary for further information. 8z@A/$T  
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone. EQg 6*V  
-5.>9+W8I  
approve  Many people don't approve of the plan. disapprove +1e*>jE  
like/prefer/endorse/accept/think well of |s|RJA1  
i3YAK$w;&  
arise The company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. O#9Q+B D  
Rise raise rouse arouse arise 2H4+D)  
Originate/ derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up e;Q~P]x  
OS,-dG(  
artificial/artistic Her painting is a great artistic creation. H3MT.Cpd  
W C}mt%H*O  
ashamed /shameful   embarrassed/embarrassing  frustrated/frustrating  humiliated/humiliating t,+p!"MRY  
Ashamed of having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. l@## Ex9  
^fH]Rlx  
acquaint  I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will be glad to get acquainted with. hX_;gR &R  
associate/link / touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with / relate    ] 5c|  
3vDV   
I assume that success is a sum of mistakes. N\mV+f3A@,  
Assume  think  suppose  presume  suspect  understand  take for granted   {_PV~8u  
G| ^tqI  
assure  I can assure you of my support.   jUdW o}/  
confirm  assure   ensure   insure  convince  guarantee  pledge  promise   0W#.$X5  
'Zk&AD ~  
You’ve got to attain the mastery of at least on foreign language. d7P| x  
Attain  gain  accomplish  finish  fulfill  realize   complete wN"irXG  
QZ%_hvY[%>  
attribute  Jim attributes his success to hard work.  owe  ascribe   lLo FM  
SC"=M^E  
avoid  You should avoid driving in the center of the town during the rush hour. qky{]qNW  
Avoid  shun  escape  evade  keep away from   ,!PNfJA2  
:@19,.L  
The government has banned the used of chemical weapons. 2~~Q NWN  
Bar prohibit  exclude  forbid  shut out  block   obstruct 2A {k>TjQ  
7J7uHl`yq`  
bargain  The dress is quite a bargain.  bargain  sale   &`0heJ 5Yn  
"P'W@  
basis  On the basis of our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year. ;g7 nG{  
China has been following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. 4:5CnK  
ground   foundation 67')nEQ9  
lRX*\ M\`  
Scientists say it may be five or ten years before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.   NA!;#!  
As soon as  before   the second   the minute  the moment   teQ%t~PJ-&  
WwPfz<I  
You can’t blame all this on me. aZ@Ke$jD  
He is the last one to blame for the accident. -D`*$rp,  
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn +^{yJp.H#  
owJPEx  
board  He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging.  food /meals y!)Z ^u  
board/ committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team km4::'(6  
Nq"/:3@4  
boast  You should not boast of your success. Brag show off 0".pw; .}  
/F5g@ X&  
boom  Production boomed. KaZ$!JfT  
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speed up/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper  Jx[IHE  
K #}DXq  
brief  It is a long letter, but in brief, he says "No".  short tz6d }$   
x$cs_q]J  
We are bound for London.   Head  make   3<AZ,gF1  
The weather is bound to get better tomorrow.   Likely  going to d@8=%x:  
There are no bounds to his ambition.  Limit confine restriction "nf.kj:>  
\8'fy\  
call  This situation¬¬¬¬_____________ for prompt action.   (calls in calls at calls on calls for) 7^ A;.x  
They have called off their engagement. %}MZWf{  
$ o?Wum  
She was calm when I told her of the terrible news. XnHc U=~q  
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful IX7<  
FYFP 6ti  
We should not doubt his capability. %fGS< W;  
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency :<Yc V#!P  
^,]'Ut  
Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends. ]rO`e N[~U  
Career job vocation trade calling work profession occupation <.s=)}'`P  
K'+GK S7.  
There is no reason why we should not carry on with it. u.YPb@  
Carry on  go on  keep on  continue  work on  be under way  be in process JV=d!Gi[C  
qba<$  
case  In any case I shall return in a day or two.  If even if  for fear  on condition {}H5%W  
qOVs9'R  
center  She centered her attention on the problem. :?2+'+%'  
Focus  concentrate  fix   !2s< v  
V'sp6:3*\  
charge The charge against him was severe. 7^P!@o$v!  
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/ guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment {|c <8  
+/y 3]}  
Since the situation is changing, let’s take some _____ measures to deal with it. Xm`jD'G  
flexible   changeable   changing   4vq,W_n.hQ  
#m{K  
If I had the choice, I would retire at thirty. {|= 8wB  
Selection/preference/option/alternative XP~bmh,T,  
No one came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. TkXD#%nFY  
5<\&7P3y  
cling  She clung to the hope that he was still alive.   [ &RZ&  
Stick  adhere    hold  grasp e@"1W  
0i/l2&x*k]  
close The ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. ]BGWJA5  
Listen closely and look closely, you’ll find it out. P -0  
,6:ya8vB  
A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity. V1 T?T9m  
Tip  information  news  wind  message  clue  evidence  sign  proof  key ImO\X`{  
;Nf5,D.D  
combine  Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water.   ?JO x9;`  
blend  mix   mingle  fuse  unite  couple  join CKwrE]h  
u&T s'j  
comment  I'm afraid I can't comment on your work just yet.  Remark   d 1VNTB  
criticism  judgment  decision  evaluation  criterion  standard   remark   "Opk:;.  
\o3)\ e]o  
commit  I cannot commit myself to any further expense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is.   Devote  dedicate   |;3Ru vX?+  
O* `v1>  
Compare this with that, and you will see which is the better.  Contrast 6p`AdDV  
Poets have compared sleep to death. !wy Qk  
She is lovely beyond compare. o}H7;v8H  
comparison  This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. J%`-K"NB  
I have done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. Im7<\ b@  
Comparable/comparative ` b a}6D  
8OE=7PK  
compel  We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should. kSx^Uu*  
Force  oblige  urge  require  drive  press  work hard on   push  prompt 2@K D '^(  
d,kh6'g2@  
He has formed a good habit. y'\BpP  
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build c\"t+/Z  
Assemble/manufacture/produce ,#&\1Vxf  
EC(,-sz\Z  
Next year, Susan has to take three compulsory courses.  Required '<! b}1w0  
y+b4s Ff  
compose The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. ?d@3y<A,~  
Consist of/ be made up of  / contain / include/hold/cover/comprise ~2 L{m[s|  
k#mQLv  
comprehensive /Comprehensible reo  
She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject.   MmUtBT  
Uedzt  
conscious  She was not conscious of his presence in the room.   Aware nnr g^F  
&!/E&e$_  
Considerate/considerable  It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmas card. #rZF4>c  
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic B~S"1EE[  
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful 8 MUY  
9A|deETa-  
contend  I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil. -+1_ 1!  
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel \#1*r'V8  
ahezDDR-.i  
Our journey was slow because the train stopped continually at different villages. | %E\?-TK  
continuously vs continually S"t6 *fWr  
rHS;wT  
convey  Words cannot convey how delighted I am.   express pw j?  
jC<1bf$K  
cope  Poor Mary!  She has so much to cope with.   F.9SyB$  
deal with  live with  be put up with  tolerate  endure   bear   stand   be fed up with   jg2 UX   
'. Ww*N  
correspond   x2-i1#j`;  
This word in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. cJ CKxj  
:0G_n\  
count   Her opinion counts because of her experience.   yr4j  
Matter  be of importance  significant 5m.{ayE  
uc.dtq!   
Don’t count on a salary increase this year. ld RV JVZc  
believe  depended  count   confide  rely  depend  bank u%TZ),ny-  
+XaRwcLC.  
critical  If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions.   l|, Hj  
Crucial  urgent  pressing  decisive AXnuXa(j  
Ironic  faultfinding  picky  fastidious   sarcastic A* 1-2  
H@+1I?l  
cure  This medicine should cure you of your cold. 8OS@gpz  
Remind  relieve  inform  deprive  rob   break   Q9i&]V[`  
$nkvp`A  
It is not my custom to give in. Ofx]  
Custom  habit  use  practice  manner  way  pattern  tendency  fashion  routine  nature 1*x;jO>Hk  
O c[F  
The damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair.  wZ(H[be  
destruction damage  harm  ruin  injury  bruise  impact  spoil  wrong pain agony distress S'%|40U  
grieve  hurt  impair  abuse  plague  epidemic              debris/trash/junk/rubbish BR*'SF\T  
L:.z FW,  
decline  Steel production has been on the decline in these countries.   F @%`(/^TA  
Diminish  decrease  fall  drop  dip  sink  reduce <:n !qQS6  
& t.G4  
deep   They dived deep into the ocean. s|`ZV^R  
She was deeply interested in classical music. rW P -Rm  
eT'Z;ZO  
degree  She has also affected but to a lesser degree. Extent f`gs/R  
u_Wftb?9  
deem They deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. #Q]^9/;|4n  
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/think over Xk EJ_;:  
A good mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. 61@;3yV  
Demand/require/call for W{i s2s  
xU!eT'Y  
deny  They denied her the opportunity to see her father. MS~+P'  
refuse     decline   rejects  turn down   S]x\Asj;w  
fEB&)mM  
die  She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. YAsE,M+  
The storms are dying down. '* eeup  
The noise of the car died away in the distance. EY^+ N>  
The members of the family had all died off. 0,]m.)ws  
This species has died out. \0fk^  
O63:t$Yx#  
Can you describe what he looks like? _]t^F9l  
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell !Z!X]F-fY  
Fnc MIzp  
They were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. ?J,K[.z  
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious `LOW)|6r`  
U BWUq  
She was in his eyes a devoted mother. cd(YH! 3  
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous (b8ZADI*  
The sewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. (3?W) i  
Discharge/discard / cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / give away/ dCA! R"HD  
throw away/cast off/get rid of hjq @ .5  
d]K $0HY  
display  We were amazed by the rich variety of commodities on display. ;~GBD]  
Her writings display natural talents.   UuCRQNH  
Exhibit  show  indicate  specify  illustrate  demonstrate  expose  present oc"7|YG  
   7hhv/9L1  
distinct  Mice are distinct form rats. tz9"#=}0  
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar 6 xLQ  
Long sentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. ldnKV&N  
Characteristic  explicit  definite  candid   unmistakable  expressive   direct "j8`)XXa(  
g?N^9B,$2  
The light is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. PlR$s  
distinguish  tell  separate  divide   $;rvKco)%  
He is one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. M<r]a{Yv  
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized *|ef#-|D  
/prominent/important/superior X>%li$9 J.  
=fJ  /6  
In the dark I could only discern the outline of the building. F!g;}_s9  
Discern/see/make out/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold i>KgkRZL#  
\U<d)j/  
diverse  There are people from diverse cultures at the party.  different  various  comprehensive 49ehj1Se  
2BiFP||  
He refused to disclose his name and address.  $Gcjm~  
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray p6&<eMwFA  
xXfv({  
They drew up the contract and presented it to the management. yqH9*&KH{  
The train drew in/into the station.  pull 51-'*Y  
draw  pull  drag  push  heave  lift  haul   EQQ@nW{;  
draw  crawl  creep  linger on  drag  near  be oncoming/ongoing }a;H2&bu  
I+( b!(H  
She drove her car into the forest. HL-'\wtl  
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride P/xE n_*v  
 tN.$4+  
Don’t discourage her; she is doing her best.  Vs encourage gjx-tp 1.  
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keep from/try to stop i(;.Y  
BLAF{vVaf  
The shoes are expensive but durable. RI+Y+z  
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong  f^KN8N  
*sau['Ha  
It is your duty to go. Q}cti /  
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role {{B'65Wu  
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort 6=Wevb5YJ  
bxzx@sF2l  
He is living an easy life now.   comfortable f96`n+>x i  
cucmn*o?  
It is an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. [qxU \OSC  
economic/economical/economy We\i0zUU  
   R4T@ ]l&W  
He went to a very good elementary school. ]Yf^O @<<>  
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive }p-/R'  
rqnxRq  
Since 1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. q317~ z_nl  
The acid has no effect on the metal. hW9!  
The new regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. = HJ7tele  
A sentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. dG8mE&$g  
He is not likely to give effect to his threat. %IE;'aa }  
effect  force  power  practice   zGNW5S9G  
|z"$^|@d?  
She encouraged him to take this examination. /d">}%Jn  
Encourage/support/back up/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire  CE!cZZ  
$7]?P;$  
end  Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. YJ-<t6  
I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. hoM %|,0  
I've warned you no end of times not to touch that machine. k.2GIc:5  
I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end. 8~yP?#p  
He had approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he was at his wit's end. m+:JNgX6  
We ended the diner up with fruit and coffee. 63_#*6Pv28  
When the reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. dtTfV.y4w  
The argument between the two men ended in a fight. Iw`|,-|  
The government is determined to put an end to terrorism. e==/+  
(v KJyk+Y  
He's entitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. hO{&bY0  
entitle  qualify  authorize   enable   sanction  empower p:$kX9mT&  
D| <_96_m  
The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. (UhJ Pco"  
equip  provide 5} <OB-9  
W1Fhx`  
They have the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company.  inclusive @$L|   
+4Wl  
My wife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. ZREy I(_  
exert  practice  exercise  impose  avail Anpp`>}N  
8.^`~ta  
He is one of the greatest contemporary writers. }.U(Gxu$  
Existing  living  contemporary  lately—later---late---latter  current  recent   uOKD#   
xluA jOQ6  
He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young.  live   face   come $!!y v'K  
xaB#GdD  
Devotion is essential for work. ]5:[6;wS  
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable s!yD%zO  
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent $7xfLS8Vo  
Xt:j~cVA  
Nothing is everlasting. K.&6c,P]  
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/for good OVgak>$  
\>EUa}%xn  
The bird extended its wings in flight. S:xs[b.ZZ  
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify wt'"<UN  
}TuMMO4+  
Her nose is a very attractive feature. 0pB'^Q{  
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark \k6OP  
iWUxB28  
Are you in favor of women taking part in politics? s2 aFme  
In the favor )PkGT~3I  
The international situation is favorable to us.  Advantageous 9!2$?xqym  
[!} uj`e  
Panic swept through the swimmers as they caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. }095U(@  
Tension Excitement  Fear Nervousness  fuss  ado  chaos  confusion  turmoil  riot Q'ib7R;V,  
L+lye Ir'  
After Tom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. m{lS-DlRg  
The children hid in the house and ate their fill. -wNhbV2  
The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather. eB,@oo%  
wavers    vibrates    swings  fluctuates   hesitates   quakes  trembles  shudders G"vEtNoV  
'$ G%HUn  
There are fine distinctions between the two. )^E6VD&6  
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant $"=0{H.?  
d+8|aS<A  
Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes across to American audience. RT9%E/m  
Understand   comprehend   catch on   get   g%4=T~  
G#'G9/Tm  
He gave a gift for my birthday. R_:-Z .  
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/deal out =VZ0+Yl  
/hand out/turn in 2-"`%rE  
"fd'~e$S#  
He had a good house, a good wife and a good job. @Z9>E+udQ  
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent #)KQ-x,  
ob(~4H-  
They grouped together in fours. yf e4}0}  
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate bLz('mUY  
Z3A"GWY  
When he was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what was happening around him.  Hang  loaf  loiter   z8w@pT  
J)=Ts({  
hit  She hit on a good title for her new novel.  Come across t-J\j"~%+  
Her new film is quite a hit. success uy= E92n3  
The rent increase will hit the pockets of the poor.  Affect Jb` yK@x  
lO^YAOY  
hold  She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news. dIvvJk8  
I think he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. &0@AM_b  
She always holds to her convictions. @?<1~/sfL  
The forthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction.  EoHrXv  
Road works on the highway are holding up traffic. aboA9pwH  
There was something wrong with the traffic signal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. V%!my[b  
A. held on      B. held back      C. held out     D. held up e5.s qft  
Ng<oz*>U  
identical  This copy is identical with/to the ones you bought last week.  the same as 4>I;^LHn  
yM*< BV  
If only I were rich!   {'eF;!!Dy  
Only if I am rich, I can do what I want. _'DZoOH|VE  
WCZeY?_^c  
Immoral vs amoral 5iP{)  
He deserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. pj9s=}1 '  
5!^DKyw:  
It was he that initiated this project. 05Go*QvV  
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/break the ice ~ 'L`RJR  
$ACD6u6  
Incentive  The fun of playing the game was a greater incentive than the prize. H@hHEzO  
(excitement   initiative   motive   entertainment) Um'r6ty  
r 2L=gI  
We are in for trouble. *=ymK*  
He know the ins and outs of the problem. ,dIo\Lm  
Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. _{5t/^w&!  
h*GU7<F:a  
A good teacher should be impartial to his students. L7lRh=D  
Impartial/impersonal/unbiased/neutral/disinterested/just/fairdetatched  unconcerned indifferent )c$)am\I{  
-'OO6mU  
This car is inferior to the one I bought last year. ]XH}G9X^  
inferior  superior  senior  junior  similar  prior )tV^)n[w  
?)~j>1"S  
The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen insight into human nature. D< 4!7*9%  
intellect  insight   perception   understanding  comprehension  wisdom  intuition k5@_8Rc  
7o4 vf~  
No doubt, a trade mark pertains to a firm’s intangible assets. cs%NsnZ  
intangible  invisible Mwdw7MZ"S  
E+&]96*Lby  
interfere /intervene  If you interfere in /with other people's affairs, you will regret it. ,A>i)brc  
q$Ol"K@  
He testified in court that he had seen the prisoner run out of the bank after it had been robbed. N3};M~\  
testified   witnessed   justified  identified  notify  specify Wsr #YNhx|  
3o'SY@'W  
keep  I can't understand you keeping a thing like that to yourself. C3%,pDh  
Please keep to the point --- we are running out of time. [)gvP'  
I can’t keep up with all the changes in computer science. DOXRU5uP3  
If you want to fulfill your dream, you have to keep ______it.  (to  /    up  on) Lh &L5p7  
Keep/have/hold/maintain/preserve/conserve/save/tend/protect/guard/sustain/uphold/bear/posess w?AE8n $8  
RU `TzD  
They did not only lack water, they also lacked in courage. s 8``U~D   
Want/be in need/ fall short U6=m4]~Z  
}}qR~.[  
large  The dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. t:M({|m Y  
By and large, the company has been good to me. f|VP_o<  
PyHE >C%  
This is law and you can’t change as you wish. #U/B,`= >  
Rule/principle/stamdard/formula/act/decree/regulation/legislation/lawmaking/resolution/statute q@(N 38D  
}qz58]fyx  
She saw a notice “ apartment to let”. of& vQ  
Let/rent/lease/charter/contract/agreement <R{\pz2w  
udc9 $ uO  
She is the one that laid out the town. &U 'Ds!  
He was laid off for his ill performance. jv0e&rt  
r9vC&pWZ  
liable likely probable    liable responsible accountable answerable G8oQSo;D  
People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars. :,VyOmf  
%)a Dh }  
She liked the black dress and bought it although it was very expensive. Y66 vJ<lM  
Like/prefer/fancy/take to/enjoy/care for/be fond of Vk_L*lcN  
:!A@B.E  
The football match was televised live from the workers’ stadium. 4* dT|NU  
alive   live   life    lively   living   lovely gVl#pVO`N  
IaF79}^  
I am not sure of the exact location of the café. iCEX|T j;  
Location/position/place/area/zone/territory/district/section/neighborhood/spot/site/situation _88~uYG  
eeX)JC0A  
Recent research has shed/cast/thrown new light on the causes of the disease. )i>KYg w  
UmJg-~  
The mansion was splendid. JEd/j zR(  
Splendid/magnificent/grand/majestic/superb/exquisite/marvelous/wonderful ~\_E%NR yA  
/glorious/imposing/impressive/brilliant/phenomenal/exceptional/remarkable/miraculous =Vv{td  
/za,&7sf  
I can’t make out what she wants. NdZ: 7  
The ship made for the open sea. {!4%Z 9G  
What are we to make of his behavior? >w'6ZDA*X  
Nothing can make up for the loss of a life. St3~Y{aI|  
He has made it up with her. (+@.L7>m+t  
O| 2Q- @D  
A frequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda.   l%IOdco#  
Mentioned  quoted   referred to   B+<k,ad  
pqe tYu  
mood  I am not in the ______ for joking.  sentiment  emotion  mood  feeling  sentimentality sensation  sense  sensitivity   N 4:'X6u;  
Cr ` 0C  
nerve  My children are always getting on my nerves. Dz{ e@+>M  
j.6kjQN  
Can you really afford this amount? GxkG$B  
Amount/sum/quantity/number/portion A0XFu}  
A (large) number of problems have arisen. S|[UEU3FpB  
The number of books stolen from the library is large. $o/>wgQY-  
The marks were below average. AUC< m.  
Average/middle/medium/normal/ordinary/moderate/halfway/regular/usual {ZcZ\Q;6  
lK4+8VZ  
The method is ok; the problem is the procedure. &Yg/ 08*  
Method/way/approach/manner/means/fashion/style/procedure/process/course/plan/scheme/design/ wLtTC4D  
o >Lk`\  
The mutual benefit.  Mutual/reciprocal/common/joint &f*dFUM]I  
f2wW2]Fg  
observe  You’ve got to ______ the laws of the land.   ~S3eatM$9  
Abide by/follow/obey/comply with   M2}<gRL*}J  
h 6*`V  
occur  Has it ever occurred to you that those twins are quite different from each other in many ways? ^mi4q[PM  
$J6.a!5IE  
We can afford to overlook these minor offenses. Gq*)]X{U a  
Overlook/neglect/forget/miss/ignore/skip/disregard/pass over %K"%Qm=Tl  
<+gl"lG  
own  Do you mean you have left her to do that on her own? ozC!q)j  
He’d like a car of his own. ~7pjk  
Nobody owned up to the theft. :OCux Sc%5  
4_+Pv6  
This is a painstaking effort.  Careful ,: 4DN&<  
JtpY][}"~3  
They walked the path every morning.  7E`(8i  
Path/route/line/road/track/trail/way/journey/excursion/voyage/trip jJ!-hg4?]  
H@E" )@92  
peculiar  That way of speaking is peculiar to people in this small part of the country. q 9S z7_K  
distinctive / typical/ characteristic/ representative/ special/ particular / unique / notable/ particular     b$O_L4CP  
Q)`gPX3F  
The government gets a(n) ____ from taxes.  }m%?&c  
income    revenue   fund   payment  wages  finance  budget  expenditure   +RV-VrV  
JhCkkw  
persist  It should be obvious to you that if you persist in bothering him, he will get angry with you. l(,;wAH  
EB5_;  
I shall be very _____ if you could do me a favor. 'd #\7J>d  
pleasing    pleasant    grateful    thankful   pleased   gracious  generous Y#&0x_Z  
6WN(22Io  
point   She was just on the point of going away when Betty came in. 6lmiMU&V  
As I was in a hurry I asked him to come to the point at once. 4su_;+]  
There's no point in arguing further. LuP?$~z  
He made an excellent speech, and everything he said was to the point. hyb +#R  
It is very rude to point at people in the street. %gu $_S  
If/when it came to the point, would you sacrifice your job for your principles? j\'+wVyo  
popular  populous  populated   ZP6x  
A game that is very popular among/with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. J4G> E.8  
e" Eqi-  
The child showed great _______of mind by grabbing the falling baby. Fkc x+d  
courage  calmness  presence  bravery  boldness  will K)/!&{7n}a  
\ I^nx+l  
preside  The chairman presided  at/over the meeting last Friday. q*[!>\ Z8  
PNbcy!\U  
Virtue will prevail over evil. @%OPy|=,{  
prevail  triumph  win   x*me'?q  
4jX@m  
In private/ in secret / in person B;z;vrrL  
Matters like this are best discussed in private. _BG8/"h32  
P>*Fj4 Z~  
They are privileged people in the society. %n05 Jitl  
Privilege/ right/ liberty/ freedom/advantage/license/ honor [)#u<l Z<~  
JF kN=YR8  
She gave him a prompt reply.   VK2@2`$  
quick  rapid  fast  prompt  punctual instant  immediate  ready 59{;VY81  
{TyCj?3B  
The _______ of finding jobs this year are not so good. (expectation  promises future  prospects) m`hGDp3  
5>k>L*5J  
provided   on condition   save  unless  given  suppose   say   [34zh="o  
I will agree to go provided/providing that my expenses are paid. ,*/Pg 52?  
P}HC(S1  
put  She’s put a tidy sum for her retirement. WgE@89  
They decided to put aside their differences. 60"5 ?=D  
She help her put the toys away. jcE Msc  
She is putting radical proposals for the economic reform. '%R<"  
We had to put off our wedding until September. swt tp`  
We can put you up for the night. & x`&03X  
I don’t know how she can put up with him/his cruelty to her. d$w(-tV42  
j(j#0dXLh  
Racial problems exist in everyday life. T/ik/lFI  
Race/breed/people/fold/tribe/nation/culture iC\%_5/ _  
:vpl+)n  
range  scope  extent  His speech ranged over a number of topics. /0(%(2jIWl  
Range/limit/distance/length/scope/extent/reach/field/sphere sm0fAL  
reach  All these were within the reach of the ordinary men. FQ`(b3.   
Put that bottle of weed-killer out of the reach of the children. tAERbiH  
He reached for his gun. 09'oz*v{#  
[@//#}5v  
Her requirements are reasonable. EkjgNEXq  
Reasonable/sensible/fair/logical/just/sound/rational/practical/realistic/justifiable h h"h j  
My favorite recreation is chess. |#k@U6`SG  
Recreation/amusement/entertainment/play/pleasure/enjoyment/relaxation/pastime/fun 5MR,UgT  
+"dv7  
They had to seed refuge from the storm. Huc|6~X  
Refuge/shelter/asylum/protection rh66_eV  
lNz ]H iD  
I have registered for the English course. \9/RAY_G  
Register/record/enroll/list/enter/sign/fill out a form ]n;1x1'  
I-kWS 4  
receive  accept 1y(UgEg   
I hear that John has _____ a new position at the travel agency. \vRd}   
?IF)+]  
red  black A large number of American radio stations operate in the red. XogVpkA  
r|eZv<6  
regard  Motion means change of position of an object in/with regard to the position of some other object or objects. X!>eiYK)  
I have little information as regards his past. 'V (,.'  
She said nothing regarding your request. b?T  
Please give my sincere regards to all the members of your family. Mxl]"?z  
Some people act regardless of what will happen afterwards. Pw[g  
They helped solve the problems in high ______ to the living conditions of the people. {A:j[  
(attention  regard  intention  stress) Hy_;nN+e  
@t*t+Vqw  
relevant  His age isn't relevant to whether he is a good teacher. MTOy8 Im  
g(|{')8?d  
Reluctant  Today black children in South Africa are still reluctant to study subjects from which they were effectively barred for so long.  Unwilling hA1-){aw3q  
nNt1C  
remedy  The doctor soon found a remedy for the boy's illness. 5jxQW ;  
Cure/heal/treat/mend/correct jMNU ?m:  
|r%D\EB  
respect  With respect to your requests, we regret that we are unable to assist you in this matter. v <Kmq-b  
Respect/adore/appreciate/honor/admire/look up to/fall for/be crazy about Yz$3;  
~m^ #FJu  
In this respect the film is a failure. -Go 7"j  
respectful   respective   respectable  respected $(e#aHB  
Teams of rescue have been sent out ____ to look for the missing members of the crew. MY#   
4k-+?L!/G  
His limp is the result of an accident. V'*~L\;pU  
Result/consequence/end/effect/outcome/fruit/produce/conclusion U-/ {0zB  
 Jc&y9]  
risk  He saved my life at the risk of losing his own. LJk%#yV|_  
He was ready to run(take) the risk of being taken prisoner by the enemy. D(-yjY8aG  
The future of the whole company is at risk. s* U1  
Risk/chance/gamble/endanger/expose 9$`lIy@B  
l2N]a9bq@  
They rose up against foreign invaders. w?kJ+lmOQy  
Rebel  revolt   riot   E dZ\1'&/9  
5waKI?4F  
I’ve been on the run all day, and I am exhausted. x#Sqn #  
I ran across/into my old friend in Paris last week. S[WG$  
We are running out of time. |2{wG 4  
OS8q( 2z?s  
He ruled over his kingdom successfully for twenty years. `ZC<W]WYX/  
Rule/govern/control/dominate/head/lead/manage/direct/supervise/administer/order/instruct x?&$ci  
Guide/influence/handle/regulate !.d@L6  
;G%R<Z  
scale  Synthetic rubbers are now being produced on a large scale. VkZ7#  
scratch  He threw away everything he had written and started the novel again from scratch. j_Yp>=+[  
*QH28%^  
I’ll have to see about getting the roof mended. ~?(N  
We all went to the airport to see her off. i-6 Z"b{  
Her colleagues see her as the future prime minister. '3g[]M@M  
Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting? aTt 12Sc  
|j7,Mu+  
I must set about packing now. k?,1x~  
Her clear and elegant prose sets apart from most other journalists. ' ET~  
Let’s set aside my personal feelings. ;5)P6S.D  
She set out/forth at dawn. %rv7Jy   
He is set on going to university. maN l^i  
<_-hRbS  
settle   You should settle your affairs before you leave. xsD($_  
When are you going to marry and settle down. +8RgF   
Settle/decide/resolve/reconcile/mend fSokm4]vg  
s*-n^o-  
short  All along he has been striving not to fall short of his parents' expectations. 6V7B;tB  
Things couldn’t be worse financially: in short, we are bankrupt. T[g[&K1Y  
Becoming a doctor requires years of training ----- there are really no short cuts. 1ng!G 7g  
He never allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for their education. Gz,i~XX  
His real name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short. sTn<#l6  
The country is short in known deposits of coal and iron. ,F,X ,  
The interviewer cut short his guest in mid-sentence. h4 T5+~rw  
3h$6t7=C  
spirit  The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. ~a ]+#D  
I went back and found them in high/low spirits. Mygf T[_  
(nf~x  
stock  The sugar is out of stock. ;f#v0W`5  
&"&Z #llb  
They subjected the two suspects to a long and thorough interrogation. ILEz;D{]   
We are subject to the law of the land. 6dabU*  
Subject/topic/issue/question/problem/concern/test/plot/theme :XZU&Sr"  
s4A43i'g!h  
sympathize  We sympathize with him in his sufferings to a great extent. Z}mLLf E  
sympathy  Quite a number of people are in sympathy with you on that point. CZud& <  
E ~Sb  
attraction     temptation 7K,-01-:  
As always, I had to fight the _____ to take what she willingly offered. ^1iSn)&  
Tempt/invite/attract/appeal/lure/seduce %7zuQ \w  
YVQN&|-  
thought  On second thoughts, I am inclined to agree with you. # hfXZVD  
Electricity was at one time thought of as a kind of fluid. [I '0,y  
trace  Her fear of water can traced back to a childhood accident. XewVcRo  
trade   he traded in his car for a new model. ]zj9A]i:a  
[~-9i &Z  
He grew very angry when he realized how he had been ____ out of his money. S g&UagBj  
trick   deceive   cheat  betray  fool   3h;{! |-3  
u$DHVRrF<  
what he said is true. UtPLI al  
True/real/actual/unmistaken/certain/valid/genuine/authentic/natural/legitimate ?I6fye7  
q*U*Fu+  
turn  We came to an arrangement whereby the two of us took the young lady out by turns. _-q.Q^  
He picked up all the books in turn and examined them. /(u}KMR!f  
I didn’t need my umbrella, as it/things turned out. -}nxJH)  
She turned a deaf ear to our warnings. %-)H^i~]%  
He was someone to whom you can turn in difficult times. }+)fMZz  
We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but she failed to turn up. +AR5W(&  
He tried to join the army and was __________ because of poor health. JLnH&(O  
(turned in  turned down  turned out   turned to) %SX|o-B~.o  
f$+,HB  
I don’t think she is the artistic type. d;zai]]  
Type/kind/class/sort/species/variety/brand/character wG~`[>y (  
!Fca~31R'  
Whatever he said is ultimate conclusion. ?ATOXy  
Ultimate/final/conclusive/decisive/eventual/last BU WqI dg  
/j4P9y^]=  
Because of the flood, the land yielded nothing that autumn. kw#;w=\>R{  
Yield/bear/produce/ provide/supply /surrender/submit iI\oz&!v H  
", ^Mxm{  
This company of soldiers had ______ no women among them, so you could imagine what they joked about.  ( virtually   virtuously   virtual    actual) 6hlc1?  
o^^rJk  
By the way, have you heard that George is emigrating to Australia? j"}*T  
In no way can teaching in school be separated from practice. V,mw[Hw  
In a way his health is much improved, but he is still not really well. )Hpa}FGT  
We must not give way to their demands. d*jMZ%@uS  
You can’t have everything your own way. Z1 Bp+a3  
He has done nothing out the way yet. E;Y;z  
The bridge ________ and the tank fell into the river.  ( gave way  gave to  gave in  gave up) 4(|cG7>9-  
-db_E#  
We’ll all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working on this project.
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