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考博基础词汇 笔记

考博基础词汇 笔记 tOXyle~C  
'oz$uvX  
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Abandon The match was abandoned because of bad weather. |>P:R4P  
ban  abolish  abort  cancel  cross out   wipe out   put off  delay   O0y0'P-rJq  
desert/forsake/ leave / cease / depart  / discard / relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up e O~p"d-|  
iwIn3R,  
abide We have to abide by the rules of the game.  (abide  observe  discover  adapt ) Cw^iA U  
Her fame will abide for sure.  Last/endure/ continue/persist/remain/stay u/k' ry=  
     E9Kp=3H  
O-0 5.  
You have to keep ______ with the times.   Q?hf 2iw  
Abreast/up  catch up with  go along with  fit in with J_a2DM6d  
*s, bz.[  
absorb  He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call. .`*;AT  
engage/occupy/bend over/involve/be busy with DI/d(oFv`  
f7zB_hVDmE  
Abundant/rich  The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game S^q^=q0F  
"cS7E5-|  
access  In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library. ?AO= )XV2  
Way/approach/solution/answer/ 'oGMr=gp<&  
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/at hand ;Ym6ey0t  
0(C[][a*u  
His words are never in _____ with his deeds.  (situation   accordance   according   fit) A ?-t`J  
I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore.      in agreement with/ be compatible with /comply with /conform  to/be in proportion to AN,3[Sh  
6Im W |%  
account  He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independently JFu.o8[Q  
You have to take everything into account/consideration. Attention/regard/respect/mind  !#1UTa  
Give us an account of what happened.  Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement * W "Pv,:  
He has been asked to account for his absence. ( describe  tell  relate  answer for  say  explain   explicate) ?y%Mm09  
?(khoL t  
acquire   to acquire a good knowledge of English.  Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure SA"4|#3>7  
6QHUBm2  
active  He is very active in politics.   ;Srzka2  
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic nbw8YO(=  
?r$& O*;  
adapt  To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation. =%77~q-HL  
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit YYe<StyH  
'*U_!RmQ  
accustom  She is ______to living in comfort.  (accustomed/used   addict  be familiar with) B|>eKI  
IQ JFL +f  
admit  It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays.   U~|)=+%O  
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/ acknowledge/adopt) Oxi^&f||`  
%@I= $8j  
adequate Their earnings are barely adequate to their needs. =m;cy0))  
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample 7&dF=/:X@  
47 &p*=  
advantage  The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money. vQ5rhRG)E  
Benefit/gain/upper hand     interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns u\K`TWb%  
?+]   
Aim  His aim is to win the game.   9:!V ":8q  
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination B .?@VF  
H/0b3I^  
Amass  He amassed a great fortune in twenty years.   !'bZ|j%  
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heap up/store up ` b)i;m  
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang =1VpO{ q  
Figure/digit/measure fHF*#  
ambitious  These young men were ambitious for success and money. W 6R/{H  
Eager for/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intent upon gue~aqtJ  
/p{$HkVw  
amount  His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds.   q] '2'"k  
Add up to/approximate/total/sum up   ZyrVv\'  
`$] ZT>&  
The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. `! )^g/>0i  
sum/measure/quantity/price/value fc^d3wH0L  
DPWnvd  
angle  Try looking at this affair from a different angle. aspect IP#qT `=}  
/view/point of view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment )%I62<N,z  
theory/outlook [58qC:  
V4?]NFK  
announce  He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board. LV]F?O[K=  
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/make known Ix.Y_}  
E(an5x/ r  
anticipate  A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do. \~:_ h#bW  
expect/ look forward to/await/foresee/hope for !F)BTB7{<  
U clta  
anything  The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Not at all o=Kd9I#  
4#D>]AX  
The apparent things might not tell of the truth. |EP=<-|  
apparent obvious seeming evident clear plain $G#)D^-5G  
K]>X31Ho  
apart  Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking.   kO' NT:  
Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. I*= =I4qx  
Except for / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition fsV_>5I6  
ivP#qM1*;  
He was appointed member of the committee. [ UYE.$Y#(  
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/vote for yxL(mt8  
=LojRY  
appeal  I appeal to him for help.  implore/plead/beg .# }`r`/  
LVxR *O  
apply  Please apply to the secretary for further information. K|sx"u|?  
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone. }:4b_-&Q5  
T8-,t];i  
approve  Many people don't approve of the plan. disapprove l5CFm8%  
like/prefer/endorse/accept/think well of @hj5j;NHK  
]Qh0+!SdG  
arise The company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. b&E9xD/;r  
Rise raise rouse arouse arise y-^m  
Originate/ derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up ;TTH  
_jD\kg#LY  
artificial/artistic Her painting is a great artistic creation. [W*Q~Wvp  
1_6oM/?'  
ashamed /shameful   embarrassed/embarrassing  frustrated/frustrating  humiliated/humiliating O}mz@- Z  
Ashamed of having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. db5@+_  
MtKM#@  
acquaint  I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will be glad to get acquainted with. vZ/Bzy@|  
associate/link / touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with / relate   VVDd39q  
"=3bL>\<  
I assume that success is a sum of mistakes. IH$ZPux  
Assume  think  suppose  presume  suspect  understand  take for granted   Eu1t*>ZL  
\O(~:KN  
assure  I can assure you of my support.   qttJ*zu  
confirm  assure   ensure   insure  convince  guarantee  pledge  promise   0m 7_#g4$L  
|.Vs(0O  
You’ve got to attain the mastery of at least on foreign language. IJ#+"(?7,u  
Attain  gain  accomplish  finish  fulfill  realize   complete UTR`jXCg  
b[os0D95  
attribute  Jim attributes his success to hard work.  owe  ascribe   o%sx(g=q6  
wC`+^>WFo  
avoid  You should avoid driving in the center of the town during the rush hour. t) 4AQ  
Avoid  shun  escape  evade  keep away from   <% GfF![v  
%8$ldNhV  
The government has banned the used of chemical weapons. ~1.B fOR8  
Bar prohibit  exclude  forbid  shut out  block   obstruct ?3Y~q;I]O  
lXOT>$qR<  
bargain  The dress is quite a bargain.  bargain  sale   ~x6<A\  
s5 ($b  
basis  On the basis of our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year. wjc&S'[  
China has been following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. `|WEzW~  
ground   foundation }C!g x6  
g`r4f%O  
Scientists say it may be five or ten years before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.   Z,1b$:+  
As soon as  before   the second   the minute  the moment   _(:<l Y aY  
WO!'("  
You can’t blame all this on me. x". !&5  
He is the last one to blame for the accident. o9]i {e>L  
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn O 8XHaVLg3  
7Xf52\7n  
board  He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging.  food /meals 4=qZ Z>[t  
board/ committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team d3"QC l  
{@ Z=b 5/P  
boast  You should not boast of your success. Brag show off TXo`P_SE  
\- 8S"  
boom  Production boomed. zEk /15  
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speed up/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper G.3yuok9  
 L 30$  
brief  It is a long letter, but in brief, he says "No".  short \>[k0<  
K$I`&M(  
We are bound for London.   Head  make   Z ygu/M 6  
The weather is bound to get better tomorrow.   Likely  going to ?azcWf z0  
There are no bounds to his ambition.  Limit confine restriction (7Ln~J*  
Zm*qV!  
call  This situation¬¬¬¬_____________ for prompt action.   (calls in calls at calls on calls for) (0E<Fz V  
They have called off their engagement. nh*6`5yj  
!<>*|a  
She was calm when I told her of the terrible news. '0w</g  
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful 2N{^V?:  
+{0v@6<(02  
We should not doubt his capability. 8SA" bH:  
Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency n8tw8o%&[  
'xLXj>  
Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends. S)?N6sz%  
Career job vocation trade calling work profession occupation WPAT\Al&AE  
td7Of(k'  
There is no reason why we should not carry on with it. .N7<bt@~)  
Carry on  go on  keep on  continue  work on  be under way  be in process QBh*x/J  
jZD)c_'U  
case  In any case I shall return in a day or two.  If even if  for fear  on condition ) "Z6Q5k^  
i+F*vTM2,  
center  She centered her attention on the problem. '{-Ic?F<P  
Focus  concentrate  fix   nxB[T o*P  
C^;>HAK |F  
charge The charge against him was severe. =X9fn  
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/ guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment _xmQGX!|  
uW [yNwM  
Since the situation is changing, let’s take some _____ measures to deal with it. IEfYg(c0U  
flexible   changeable   changing   1[J|AkN  
e{9~m  
If I had the choice, I would retire at thirty. M4D @G  
Selection/preference/option/alternative s/B_  
No one came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. U>OAtiq JX  
684|Uuf7  
cling  She clung to the hope that he was still alive.   684d&\(s  
Stick  adhere    hold  grasp &_u.q/~   
/!MVpi'6&  
close The ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. `lQ ;M?D  
Listen closely and look closely, you’ll find it out. `a!9_%|8  
Ctn 4q'Q  
A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity. ) P>/g*  
Tip  information  news  wind  message  clue  evidence  sign  proof  key R7U%v"F>`  
_m[DieR  
combine  Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water.   M9afg$;.xe  
blend  mix   mingle  fuse  unite  couple  join -U\'Emu4  
-jy0Kl/p  
comment  I'm afraid I can't comment on your work just yet.  Remark   !\[JWN@v  
criticism  judgment  decision  evaluation  criterion  standard   remark   1. +6x4%rV  
co3\1[q"b  
commit  I cannot commit myself to any further expense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is.   Devote  dedicate   [`oVMR  
EEnl'  
Compare this with that, and you will see which is the better.  Contrast HFI0\*xn(  
Poets have compared sleep to death. KN[;z2i  
She is lovely beyond compare. 0#Lmajs  
comparison  This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. W7 dSx  
I have done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. I8j:{*h  
Comparable/comparative W>i"p~!  
Y#XRn _2D  
compel  We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should. 9$Z0mzk  
Force  oblige  urge  require  drive  press  work hard on   push  prompt KMz!4N  
5.oIyC^Ik  
He has formed a good habit. g+4y^x(X@1  
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build ?q9] H5\  
Assemble/manufacture/produce -PAEJn5$O  
|:&6eDlR  
Next year, Susan has to take three compulsory courses.  Required &v0-$  
8>,w8(Nt  
compose The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. QJRnpN/  
Consist of/ be made up of  / contain / include/hold/cover/comprise (X,i,qK/  
#aU!f"SS  
comprehensive /Comprehensible @)uV Fw"\  
She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject.   jh)@3c  
wCB*v<*  
conscious  She was not conscious of his presence in the room.   Aware ,M;9|kE*  
LK~aLa5wG  
Considerate/considerable  It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmas card. p8_^6wfg  
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic ;_e9v,  
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful ERV]N:(  
> 0MP[  
contend  I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil. 31a,i2Q4  
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel d"9tP& Q  
&Mk!qE<:N  
Our journey was slow because the train stopped continually at different villages. %-540V{q  
continuously vs continually ,G t!nm_  
phuiLW{&  
convey  Words cannot convey how delighted I am.   express X3l>GeUi  
dZ`Y>wH_  
cope  Poor Mary!  She has so much to cope with.   <|}Z6Ti  
deal with  live with  be put up with  tolerate  endure   bear   stand   be fed up with   THp_ dTD  
mvEhP{w  
correspond   O8@65URKx  
This word in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. {5E8eQ  
[Y .8C$0  
count   Her opinion counts because of her experience.   5wx_ol}2  
Matter  be of importance  significant JX=rL6Y@:;  
gu(:'5cX  
Don’t count on a salary increase this year. Xxg|01  
believe  depended  count   confide  rely  depend  bank 73cb1 kfPd  
L@S\ rImw  
critical  If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions.   u?Ffqt9'  
Crucial  urgent  pressing  decisive )j36Y =r3  
Ironic  faultfinding  picky  fastidious   sarcastic .`OU\LA  
M*zpl}  
cure  This medicine should cure you of your cold. V! He2<  
Remind  relieve  inform  deprive  rob   break   OX7=g$S 1  
5^g*  
It is not my custom to give in. =0g!Q   
Custom  habit  use  practice  manner  way  pattern  tendency  fashion  routine  nature zr.\7\v  
Fc5.?X-  
The damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair. $gUlM+sK  
destruction damage  harm  ruin  injury  bruise  impact  spoil  wrong pain agony distress BIWe Hx  
grieve  hurt  impair  abuse  plague  epidemic              debris/trash/junk/rubbish duY?LJ@g  
VHD+NY/  
decline  Steel production has been on the decline in these countries.   Dp([r  
Diminish  decrease  fall  drop  dip  sink  reduce =0ZRG p  
xuK"pS   
deep   They dived deep into the ocean. k H.dtg_  
She was deeply interested in classical music. A & iv  
JQ03om--(  
degree  She has also affected but to a lesser degree. Extent #r'MfTr  
uHgq"e  
deem They deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. >yC=@Uq+  
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/think over W8d-4')|  
A good mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. eYUb>M)  
Demand/require/call for &<F9Z2^  
:ppaq  
deny  They denied her the opportunity to see her father. l0Q5q)U1A  
refuse     decline   rejects  turn down   <V&0 GAZ  
CP7dn /  
die  She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. t(z]4y  
The storms are dying down. uM2@&)u  
The noise of the car died away in the distance. 6("_}9ZOc  
The members of the family had all died off. 6 VEB2F  
This species has died out. p!UR;xH I\  
o2!738  
Can you describe what he looks like? 5XK Tb  
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell l\UjvG  
}S> 4.8  
They were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties.  &K/?#  
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious KQ\K :#  
N r 4}x7  
She was in his eyes a devoted mother. P 9?cp{*  
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous m}"Hm(,6  
The sewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. f$lb.fy5  
Discharge/discard / cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / give away/ \L Q+ n+  
throw away/cast off/get rid of J"r?F0  
V^_A{\GK  
display  We were amazed by the rich variety of commodities on display. 2*Qv6 :qK  
Her writings display natural talents.   $+4DpqJ  
Exhibit  show  indicate  specify  illustrate  demonstrate  expose  present `zQuhD 8W  
   bzi"7%c  
distinct  Mice are distinct form rats. x UdF.c  
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar xM jn=\}  
Long sentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. ~c)&9'  
Characteristic  explicit  definite  candid   unmistakable  expressive   direct z CLaHx!  
g>/Y}{sL-  
The light is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. EX]+e  
distinguish  tell  separate  divide   !r njmc  
He is one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. <i~xJi%1#  
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized >=@-]X2%j  
/prominent/important/superior YC6T0m  
7b"fpB  
In the dark I could only discern the outline of the building. }_+XN"}C  
Discern/see/make out/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold ^'X I%fEf  
=KPmZ,/w  
diverse  There are people from diverse cultures at the party.  different  various  comprehensive -`L`kL<  
D \ rns+  
He refused to disclose his name and address. qTuR[(  
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray b31$i 5{  
BE?]P?r?  
They drew up the contract and presented it to the management. + <bj}"  
The train drew in/into the station.  pull @ m`C%7<  
draw  pull  drag  push  heave  lift  haul   /M2in]oH  
draw  crawl  creep  linger on  drag  near  be oncoming/ongoing t&U9Z$L S  
T<]{:\*n  
She drove her car into the forest. XFhH+4#]  
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride *V&M5  
!9d7wPUFr  
Don’t discourage her; she is doing her best.  Vs encourage MdBmq/[O  
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keep from/try to stop vj?{={Y  
!U`4  
The shoes are expensive but durable. .tRm1&Qi  
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong ;.h /D4  
W2{w<<\$3}  
It is your duty to go. N'b GL%  
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role eT%x( P  
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort HlE8AbEg  
UBd+,]"f  
He is living an easy life now.   comfortable Pt"K+]Ym  
,:Px(=d4  
It is an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. YJ~<pH  
economic/economical/economy l,|Llb  
   INnd TF  
He went to a very good elementary school. U5"u h} 3  
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive KS_+R@3Z  
;0eVE  
Since 1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. -mJs0E*g  
The acid has no effect on the metal. ld(60?z>FH  
The new regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. *(x.egORd  
A sentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. JpXv+V  
He is not likely to give effect to his threat. D5"5`w=C  
effect  force  power  practice   2P:X_:`~[  
s8 WB!x{t  
She encouraged him to take this examination. Mmz; uy_  
Encourage/support/back up/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire 3nA^s"#p  
sm18u-  
end  Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. u-~ec{oBu  
I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. +c8`N'~  
I've warned you no end of times not to touch that machine. [>NMuwtG  
I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end. ^mC~<p P(  
He had approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he was at his wit's end. .5 E)dU  
We ended the diner up with fruit and coffee. bB4FjC':  
When the reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. +xuv+mo  
The argument between the two men ended in a fight. #GGa,@O  
The government is determined to put an end to terrorism. <?A4/18K  
+~=a$xA[C  
He's entitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. _HM?p(H@  
entitle  qualify  authorize   enable   sanction  empower Kjbk zc1  
?[#w*Am7  
The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. e,C c.T\o  
equip  provide v RD/67  
n\; ;T1rM  
They have the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company.  inclusive C6c*y\O\7  
6!i`\>I]  
My wife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. l|+$4 Nb2  
exert  practice  exercise  impose  avail wHbmK  
"(jD*\8x  
He is one of the greatest contemporary writers. 0;x&\x7K  
Existing  living  contemporary  lately—later---late---latter  current  recent   iUz?mt;k  
vcW(?4e  
He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young.  live   face   come 7zzFM  
}alq~jY  
Devotion is essential for work. gIO_mJ3 u  
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable 4Kt0}W  
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent Tf=1p1!3  
mm_)=Ipj>  
Nothing is everlasting. LawE 3CD  
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/for good ?Xpk"N7  
q-^{2.ftcx  
The bird extended its wings in flight. WUau KRR.  
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify xj D$i'V+  
HJb^l 4Q  
Her nose is a very attractive feature. ^KD1dy3(  
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark w15a~\Qu  
HjzAFXRG  
Are you in favor of women taking part in politics? I ] +OYWp  
In the favor CqWO 0  
The international situation is favorable to us.  Advantageous 'h;q I&  
Lo}T%0"G  
Panic swept through the swimmers as they caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. G/~b(V; >  
Tension Excitement  Fear Nervousness  fuss  ado  chaos  confusion  turmoil  riot PDH|=meXM  
'k}w|gNB  
After Tom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. 9s!R_R&W.  
The children hid in the house and ate their fill. KXz7l\1Gb  
The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather. zr A3bWs  
wavers    vibrates    swings  fluctuates   hesitates   quakes  trembles  shudders 'Sgz\ =K  
s(Wys^[g  
There are fine distinctions between the two. |F\fdB}?S:  
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant jT]R"U/Q  
mQt0?c _  
Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes across to American audience. toU<InN  
Understand   comprehend   catch on   get   *6][[)(  
Myn51pczl  
He gave a gift for my birthday. , ExY.'%1  
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/deal out yW*,Llb5  
/hand out/turn in X R<g~&h  
dEI!r1~n  
He had a good house, a good wife and a good job. GbQg(%2F  
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent cM,g, E}  
4M0p:Ey '  
They grouped together in fours. y"8,jm  
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate j%ZBAk)}  
C]3:&dx9  
When he was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what was happening around him.  Hang  loaf  loiter   MLi aCG;  
\QG2 V$  
hit  She hit on a good title for her new novel.  Come across b&Laxki  
Her new film is quite a hit. success AuM}L&`i^  
The rent increase will hit the pockets of the poor.  Affect <Vo ct  
GpO*As_2  
hold  She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news. 1A* "v  
I think he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. R?#=^$7U  
She always holds to her convictions. G JU9[  
The forthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. 7hLh}  
Road works on the highway are holding up traffic. 4MzPm~Ct  
There was something wrong with the traffic signal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. f<oU" WM  
A. held on      B. held back      C. held out     D. held up fo~*Bp()-E  
C1l'<  
identical  This copy is identical with/to the ones you bought last week.  the same as O:~J_Wwl!  
 !I&,!$  
If only I were rich!   e^x%d[sU  
Only if I am rich, I can do what I want. pp{p4Z   
#_K<-m%9  
Immoral vs amoral [}l 90lP  
He deserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. Jf#-OlEQ  
_I3v"d  
It was he that initiated this project. ox\D04:M  
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/break the ice G;[O~N3n.  
Hr7pcz/#l  
Incentive  The fun of playing the game was a greater incentive than the prize. ^ uwth  
(excitement   initiative   motive   entertainment) <9:~u]ixt  
H;q[$EUNb  
We are in for trouble. ( *K)D$y  
He know the ins and outs of the problem. M)Z! W3  
Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. bR:hu}YS  
DWCf+4  
A good teacher should be impartial to his students. Mc(|+S@w'  
Impartial/impersonal/unbiased/neutral/disinterested/just/fairdetatched  unconcerned indifferent ?| 6sTu!  
zKaj<Og  
This car is inferior to the one I bought last year. rce._w }  
inferior  superior  senior  junior  similar  prior 1A#/70Mo  
,q7FK z{  
The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen insight into human nature. Di}M\!-[  
intellect  insight   perception   understanding  comprehension  wisdom  intuition / ;[x3}[  
5v`lCu]  
No doubt, a trade mark pertains to a firm’s intangible assets. 8K8jz 9.s  
intangible  invisible /EegP@[  
7&%HE\  
interfere /intervene  If you interfere in /with other people's affairs, you will regret it. L 8;H_:~_'  
d+ZXi'  
He testified in court that he had seen the prisoner run out of the bank after it had been robbed. xdz 6[8 d8  
testified   witnessed   justified  identified  notify  specify 4sBvW  
.)p%|A#^  
keep  I can't understand you keeping a thing like that to yourself. xirq$sEl  
Please keep to the point --- we are running out of time. }QQ 7jE  
I can’t keep up with all the changes in computer science. ^Oeixi@f  
If you want to fulfill your dream, you have to keep ______it.  (to  /    up  on) '=\>n(%Q  
Keep/have/hold/maintain/preserve/conserve/save/tend/protect/guard/sustain/uphold/bear/posess #sg dMrVQ  
I3'UrKKO  
They did not only lack water, they also lacked in courage. ~ISY( &  
Want/be in need/ fall short 5ug|crX  
| WTWj  
large  The dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. kt\,$.v8  
By and large, the company has been good to me. "M\rO!f:  
d<HO~+9  
This is law and you can’t change as you wish. Qb55q`'z  
Rule/principle/stamdard/formula/act/decree/regulation/legislation/lawmaking/resolution/statute ])%UZM6  
!_~ /Y/M  
She saw a notice “ apartment to let”. ~gOZ\jm}  
Let/rent/lease/charter/contract/agreement ~-uf%=  
R#8cOmZ  
She is the one that laid out the town. YjJ^SU`*  
He was laid off for his ill performance. V[]Pya|s+  
8bs'Ek{'o  
liable likely probable    liable responsible accountable answerable #Ufb  
People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars. J=(i0A  
UL#:!J/34  
She liked the black dress and bought it although it was very expensive. SDNRcSbOD6  
Like/prefer/fancy/take to/enjoy/care for/be fond of K :+q 9;g  
e 8oAGh"  
The football match was televised live from the workers’ stadium. *O@Zn  
alive   live   life    lively   living   lovely ,Shzew+  
$sg-P|Wo  
I am not sure of the exact location of the café. -"a(<JC^NI  
Location/position/place/area/zone/territory/district/section/neighborhood/spot/site/situation &2[Xu4*  
&V SZ  
Recent research has shed/cast/thrown new light on the causes of the disease. wgolgof  
!7Qj8YmS  
The mansion was splendid. :oC;.u<*8  
Splendid/magnificent/grand/majestic/superb/exquisite/marvelous/wonderful z8%qCq  
/glorious/imposing/impressive/brilliant/phenomenal/exceptional/remarkable/miraculous %[9ty`UE  
Tz.okCo]z  
I can’t make out what she wants. f8qDmk5s  
The ship made for the open sea. |8[!`T*s  
What are we to make of his behavior? '+j; g  
Nothing can make up for the loss of a life. |M t2  
He has made it up with her. E4Ez)IaKyi  
LjW32>B  
A frequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda.   ZG#:3d*)  
Mentioned  quoted   referred to   V*(x@pF  
fk X86  
mood  I am not in the ______ for joking.  sentiment  emotion  mood  feeling  sentimentality sensation  sense  sensitivity   3PL0bejaT7  
yD.(j*bMK;  
nerve  My children are always getting on my nerves. gi5X ,:[  
M.Tp)ig\#  
Can you really afford this amount? "$K]+0ryG<  
Amount/sum/quantity/number/portion O{7#Xj :_  
A (large) number of problems have arisen. w2/3[VZ}l  
The number of books stolen from the library is large. hu"-dT;4]  
The marks were below average. VYh/ URU>  
Average/middle/medium/normal/ordinary/moderate/halfway/regular/usual XkoPN]0n  
Fs=x+8'M  
The method is ok; the problem is the procedure. t]]Ig  
Method/way/approach/manner/means/fashion/style/procedure/process/course/plan/scheme/design/ fl9VokAT  
DrAIQ7Jd  
The mutual benefit.  Mutual/reciprocal/common/joint )1@%!fr  
L>E{~yh  
observe  You’ve got to ______ the laws of the land.   oTXIs4+G  
Abide by/follow/obey/comply with   #D JZ42  
v''J@F7  
occur  Has it ever occurred to you that those twins are quite different from each other in many ways? c'Ibgfx%m  
O&;d82IA{  
We can afford to overlook these minor offenses. /?XI,#j3kM  
Overlook/neglect/forget/miss/ignore/skip/disregard/pass over #Hu# #x|  
%_B2/~  
own  Do you mean you have left her to do that on her own? LN<rBF[_:f  
He’d like a car of his own. BB V>Q L  
Nobody owned up to the theft. yIngenr$  
6biR5&Y5U&  
This is a painstaking effort.  Careful 6w m-uu  
I!1+#0SG  
They walked the path every morning. `r3 klL,W'  
Path/route/line/road/track/trail/way/journey/excursion/voyage/trip gYk5}E-  
2DJg__("  
peculiar  That way of speaking is peculiar to people in this small part of the country. d=uGB"  
distinctive / typical/ characteristic/ representative/ special/ particular / unique / notable/ particular     ru`U/6 n  
%VR{<{3f  
The government gets a(n) ____ from taxes. VSV]6$~H  
income    revenue   fund   payment  wages  finance  budget  expenditure   [E6ceX0  
DS7L}]  
persist  It should be obvious to you that if you persist in bothering him, he will get angry with you. )flm3G2u  
$ywROa]  
I shall be very _____ if you could do me a favor. W$;qhB  
pleasing    pleasant    grateful    thankful   pleased   gracious  generous <&#]|HGc  
$G }9iV7  
point   She was just on the point of going away when Betty came in. }m5()@Q}a  
As I was in a hurry I asked him to come to the point at once. % a.T@E  
There's no point in arguing further. } snS~kx  
He made an excellent speech, and everything he said was to the point. Dr=$}Y  
It is very rude to point at people in the street. kw gLK@@%1  
If/when it came to the point, would you sacrifice your job for your principles? JhTr{8{  
popular  populous  populated   .7LQ l ?  
A game that is very popular among/with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race. Sj|tR[SAoD  
pYr+n9)^  
The child showed great _______of mind by grabbing the falling baby. .sM,U  
courage  calmness  presence  bravery  boldness  will 7l =Tl[n  
6\I1J= C  
preside  The chairman presided  at/over the meeting last Friday. 6vps`k$,~  
r7R.dD /.  
Virtue will prevail over evil. }BL7P-km  
prevail  triumph  win   K\8zhY  
33D2^ Sf6"  
In private/ in secret / in person )X|)X,~+-  
Matters like this are best discussed in private. &k)v/  
S^==$TT  
They are privileged people in the society. ='4)E6ea?  
Privilege/ right/ liberty/ freedom/advantage/license/ honor |>'N^   
|mRlP5  
She gave him a prompt reply.   U] G D6q  
quick  rapid  fast  prompt  punctual instant  immediate  ready Ok{1{EmP  
La '6k  
The _______ of finding jobs this year are not so good. (expectation  promises future  prospects) h!|Uj  
@H4]Gp ]  
provided   on condition   save  unless  given  suppose   say   \f(zMP  
I will agree to go provided/providing that my expenses are paid. Z2})n -  
">3t+A  
put  She’s put a tidy sum for her retirement. G7v<Q,s  
They decided to put aside their differences. D|m3. s i  
She help her put the toys away. *>mjUT}cP  
She is putting radical proposals for the economic reform. L*,h=#x(  
We had to put off our wedding until September. Qox/abC h  
We can put you up for the night. Y*\h?p[,  
I don’t know how she can put up with him/his cruelty to her. ~xsJML  
esBv,b?*  
Racial problems exist in everyday life. S5ai@Ks f  
Race/breed/people/fold/tribe/nation/culture QKts-b[3  
+75"Q:I  
range  scope  extent  His speech ranged over a number of topics. 2YY4 XHQS  
Range/limit/distance/length/scope/extent/reach/field/sphere EsX(<bx  
reach  All these were within the reach of the ordinary men. )AR- b8..o  
Put that bottle of weed-killer out of the reach of the children. se2Y:v  
He reached for his gun. 'kC#GTZi  
phf{b+'#X  
Her requirements are reasonable. 7.ein:M|CB  
Reasonable/sensible/fair/logical/just/sound/rational/practical/realistic/justifiable Db*b"/]  
My favorite recreation is chess. cNmAr8^}  
Recreation/amusement/entertainment/play/pleasure/enjoyment/relaxation/pastime/fun u pUJF`3  
\$DBtq5=  
They had to seed refuge from the storm. z;?jKE p  
Refuge/shelter/asylum/protection KA{QGaZ/  
JU5,\3Lz#  
I have registered for the English course. tx9 %.)M:n  
Register/record/enroll/list/enter/sign/fill out a form MnF|'t  
O|=?!|`o  
receive  accept cl&?'` )  
I hear that John has _____ a new position at the travel agency. G;u~H<  
o&@y^<UQ  
red  black A large number of American radio stations operate in the red. {Ke IYjE  
wA/!A$v(  
regard  Motion means change of position of an object in/with regard to the position of some other object or objects. LK*9`dzv=G  
I have little information as regards his past. y_q1Y70i2r  
She said nothing regarding your request. iM:-750n/  
Please give my sincere regards to all the members of your family. jCN R63/  
Some people act regardless of what will happen afterwards. mr G?5.7W  
They helped solve the problems in high ______ to the living conditions of the people. >!" Sr3,L  
(attention  regard  intention  stress) K,|3?CjS  
y&8`NS#_p?  
relevant  His age isn't relevant to whether he is a good teacher. PX&}g-M9  
H\<0{#F  
Reluctant  Today black children in South Africa are still reluctant to study subjects from which they were effectively barred for so long.  Unwilling yY49JZ  
2|RoN)%  
remedy  The doctor soon found a remedy for the boy's illness. wG)[Ik6:  
Cure/heal/treat/mend/correct !- QB>`7$  
Y`-q[F?\y  
respect  With respect to your requests, we regret that we are unable to assist you in this matter. #EE<MKka  
Respect/adore/appreciate/honor/admire/look up to/fall for/be crazy about :]Om4Q\-#  
P~:^bU^F7  
In this respect the film is a failure. _1$Y\Y  
respectful   respective   respectable  respected *,O3@,+>H  
Teams of rescue have been sent out ____ to look for the missing members of the crew. hH;i_("i(h  
xnWezO_  
His limp is the result of an accident. &K[~Ab_  
Result/consequence/end/effect/outcome/fruit/produce/conclusion 4%_c9nat  
G}NqVbZ9]  
risk  He saved my life at the risk of losing his own. 5pY|RV6:  
He was ready to run(take) the risk of being taken prisoner by the enemy. Y|hd!C-x  
The future of the whole company is at risk. 8 E l hcs  
Risk/chance/gamble/endanger/expose k6z]"[yu  
j)iUg03>/4  
They rose up against foreign invaders. X#ha*u~U  
Rebel  revolt   riot   w EI? 9  
 !e |Bi{  
I’ve been on the run all day, and I am exhausted. t&5Ne ?  
I ran across/into my old friend in Paris last week. ;KmrBNF  
We are running out of time. OR|Jc+LT  
E|_8#xvb  
He ruled over his kingdom successfully for twenty years. Q/j#Pst  
Rule/govern/control/dominate/head/lead/manage/direct/supervise/administer/order/instruct ]uh/!\  
Guide/influence/handle/regulate ?GLCd7TP  
Rd]<591  
scale  Synthetic rubbers are now being produced on a large scale. L|-|DOgw  
scratch  He threw away everything he had written and started the novel again from scratch. B^R44j]3"  
L 9cXgd  
I’ll have to see about getting the roof mended. i=P}i8,^ =  
We all went to the airport to see her off. u:l<NWF^  
Her colleagues see her as the future prime minister. z?|bs?HKS  
Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting? ?pd /cj^  
D ZH2U+K  
I must set about packing now. Q:y'G9b  
Her clear and elegant prose sets apart from most other journalists. 4_'BoU4  
Let’s set aside my personal feelings. 9 p^gF2?k  
She set out/forth at dawn. cdSgb3B0  
He is set on going to university. h>!9N dzG  
e$`hRZ%  
settle   You should settle your affairs before you leave. 4mX?PKvbn  
When are you going to marry and settle down. QJjk#*?,|  
Settle/decide/resolve/reconcile/mend mZM7 4!4X  
[io|qLr}\  
short  All along he has been striving not to fall short of his parents' expectations. #!#s7^%K&  
Things couldn’t be worse financially: in short, we are bankrupt. 6P,uy;PJ  
Becoming a doctor requires years of training ----- there are really no short cuts. `YMd0*  
He never allowed his children to go short of anything necessary for their education. BD^1V( I/  
His real name was Thomas, but he was called Tom for short. "o_'q@.}  
The country is short in known deposits of coal and iron. G!%8DX5  
The interviewer cut short his guest in mid-sentence. ub`zS-vb  
jPZpJ:  
spirit  The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak. 1_Av_X  
I went back and found them in high/low spirits. )DlKeiK  
N&Ho$,2s  
stock  The sugar is out of stock. Ve)BF1YG  
2\T\p<_2 0  
They subjected the two suspects to a long and thorough interrogation. m_`%#$s}  
We are subject to the law of the land. gA@Zx%0j  
Subject/topic/issue/question/problem/concern/test/plot/theme L<Z,@q `  
U)aftH *Pk  
sympathize  We sympathize with him in his sufferings to a great extent. j4]3}t0q  
sympathy  Quite a number of people are in sympathy with you on that point. hv\Dz*XTs0  
_jg t Z  
attraction     temptation R-1M D  
As always, I had to fight the _____ to take what she willingly offered. AS;qJ)JfzQ  
Tempt/invite/attract/appeal/lure/seduce ;_E|I=%'E  
K(d+t\ca  
thought  On second thoughts, I am inclined to agree with you. y=EVpd  
Electricity was at one time thought of as a kind of fluid. 1)z Xv  
trace  Her fear of water can traced back to a childhood accident. ;/JXn  
trade   he traded in his car for a new model. g]`YI5  
oDi+\0  
He grew very angry when he realized how he had been ____ out of his money. WY!4^<|w"  
trick   deceive   cheat  betray  fool   [+ xsX*+  
=oI6yf&8 Z  
what he said is true. ecQ,DOX|b  
True/real/actual/unmistaken/certain/valid/genuine/authentic/natural/legitimate \[^! ys  
& 0WQF  
turn  We came to an arrangement whereby the two of us took the young lady out by turns. X ,^([$  
He picked up all the books in turn and examined them. !@N?0@$/  
I didn’t need my umbrella, as it/things turned out. h8(>$A-  
She turned a deaf ear to our warnings. IAq o(Qm  
He was someone to whom you can turn in difficult times. a'd lA da  
We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30, but she failed to turn up. R*6B@<p,i  
He tried to join the army and was __________ because of poor health. VO=Ibu&X  
(turned in  turned down  turned out   turned to) CS(2bj^6 D  
 [)~1Lu  
I don’t think she is the artistic type. G'PZ=+!XO/  
Type/kind/class/sort/species/variety/brand/character _*Z3,*~"X  
>8=lX`9f{  
Whatever he said is ultimate conclusion.  6pbCQ q  
Ultimate/final/conclusive/decisive/eventual/last $j<KXR  
m_@XoS yxI  
Because of the flood, the land yielded nothing that autumn. >$E;."a  
Yield/bear/produce/ provide/supply /surrender/submit ci$ J?a  
*KY:U&*  
This company of soldiers had ______ no women among them, so you could imagine what they joked about.  ( virtually   virtuously   virtual    actual) &r4|WM/ec  
)`R}@(r.  
By the way, have you heard that George is emigrating to Australia? {B4qeG5  
In no way can teaching in school be separated from practice. hd~#I< 8;2  
In a way his health is much improved, but he is still not really well. $D!/v)3  
We must not give way to their demands.  -D'XxOI  
You can’t have everything your own way. iRlZWgj4^  
He has done nothing out the way yet. L/C~l3  
The bridge ________ and the tank fell into the river.  ( gave way  gave to  gave in  gave up) M\{\WyeX  
-n"wXOx3  
We’ll all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working on this project.
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