一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 \i@R5v=zL
(一)医疗、医院、医生 "PO8 Q
1 、医生 "5O>egt
① doctor, medical worker UnYb}rF#%
② physician 内科医生 @:#J^CsM+'
③ surgeon 外科医生 ZH8 w^}
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 A
'b$X1h
⑤ intern 实习医生 ?Tu=-ppw
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 ~{5va
VBF:MAA
2 、医院 ?A_+G 5
① hospital DI2e%`$
The specialized hospital 专科医院 W6i9mER-
The general hospital 普通医院 rKI<!
The community hospital 社区医院 2nCc(F&+?
The public hospital 公立医院 x=Oy 6"
The private hospital 私立医院 ztX$kX:_m
② clinc 门诊 hfyU}`]
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 q*`
m%3{
③ ward 病房 K%mR=u#%&
④ medical team 医疗队 3W_7xLA
6o\uv
3、 医疗手段 |3!)
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 >dm9YfQ
(2) medical treatment 医疗 hhZ%{lqL
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 FdzdoMY
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis j3/6hE>
(5) prevent (v) 预防 *.k*JsU~B
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | g)r{LxT# +
(7) administrate a drug 给药 !bYVLFp=\_
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 ./Ek+p*96H
(9) TCM 中医 y2s(]#8
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 w)@Wug
(11) medical service 医疗服务 ~S;-sxoO0l
(12) complain of (v) 主述 gH'hA'
(13) health checkup 健康普查 ,@?9H ~\
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 'b}RFzEn
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; v^t7)nx^
5>
0\=
4 、医疗体制 @_-,
Q5
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 C5I7\
9F)
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 C12V_)~2
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 _",(!(
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 w->Y92q]
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 Y!_c/ !Tx
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 s_fe4K
0{bl^#$f
5 、医德 W7
Iy _>
(1 )medical ethics 医德 8uLS7\,$z
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 2xO[ ?fR
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 zs
I?X>4
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 l~]] RgU
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 a4~
B
(6 )resolute 果断的 _1G/qHf^S
(7 )service quality 服务质量 @- |G_BZ
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people [[AO6.Z
l_:P|
6 、病人 ij-'M{f
(1 )patient H2:
Zda#
(2 )the sick ,v8e7T
(3 )the invalid -A
w]b} #v
(4) sufferer +)q ,4+K%}
{*GBUv5
(二)疾病 vMou`[\WlJ
1 、 患病的表达方式 6&SNFOX{@
⑴ suffer from (v ) qX-5/;n
(2) contract (v ) :+jg311}
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 0/f|ZH ~!
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 (b#M4ho*f
yVK
;
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2 、必知疾病名称 T=42]h
heart disease 心脏病 wQy~5+LE
hypertension 高血压 dR\yRC]I
kidney problem 肾病 qF bj~ec
stroke 中风 v%*don
shock 休克 \X*y~)+K`
the blood pressure 血压 r7R'beiH
diabetes 糖尿病 i&6U5Va,G
obesity 肥胖 9;7"S.7AV
terminal illness 绝症 O8\f]!O(
incurable illness 不治之症 d"-I^|[OM
cancer 癌症 Y3[KS;_fr9
tumor 肿瘤 -d4v:Jab
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 6?M/71
emergency case 急症 RDDA^U7y#
serious illness 重症 cb)7$S
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 |-S!)iG1V
short breath 短气 v^o`+~i
syndrome 综合症 z-gMk@l
complications 并发症 |33t 5}we
process 病程 /"La@M37
bone loss 骨质疏松 T:{&eWH
short-sighted (adj)近视 FvVC 2Z
(kY0<
3、传染病 T$u'+*
Xx
(1) 感染源 'q:7PkN!p
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介
/YZMP'v
(2 )传染疾病 $[`rY D/.
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 <v -YMk@
influenza (简)flu 流感 e6_8f*o|s
infection contagion 传染病 cd1-2-4U
infectious diseases 传染病 MQw}R7
AIDS 艾滋病 64U|]gd$
SARS ?+d{Rh)y
(3) 传染 /hqn>t
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 Go c*ugR
block the channel (v) a"YVr'|
disseminate 传播 @:CM<+
cross infection 交叉感染 ~x9J&*zxM
X(x,6cC
5 、疾病、病痛 *V:U\G
illness NX
%1L!
#
sickness 6p)&}m9!
disease fgL"\d}
ailment Dx /w&v
suffering {9Qc\Ij
,8Q0AkG
6 、疾病的转归 p2l@6\m\
(1 )疾病的恢复 zP0<4E$M`
recover recovery XQ[\K6X5
recuperate *
jc
>?)k
resume Lct_6?
recruit gh[q*%#
reinstate Xp<O
(2) 疾病的恶化 mIG>`7`7N
deteriorate |7,$.MK-
@
aggravate H74'I}
exasperate cu5}(
make worse <astIu Au
worsen j8
e=],sQ
"'``O~08/
7、其他相关词汇 bt1bTo
outbreak and spending z"7?I$NQ
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 R6 ej
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 rr`_\ut
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 +foz
E?
taboo 禁忌 +K'YVB
U}
speed up blood circulation (v) K($+ILZ
improve the cardiac functions (v) R$}Hv
side effects 副反应 KMb'm+
complain of 主述 7mi=Xa:U
W=S^t_F
S]fkA6v
(三)药物 Y=sv
1 、药物名称 UjunIKX+
medicine ueW/i
drug !7]^QdBLY
remedy |iSwG=&
medicinal herbs v%`k*n':
power K-*ZS8
tablet `3K."/N6c
pill p|0SA=?k"
*hFJI9G
2 、药物用法 HWou&<EK
开药 : BB1_EdoG
prescribe some medicine for some diseases C)qG<PW.!
write out a proscription qixnaiZ
服药 [UdJ(cGf
take a medicine g:c?%J
治…的疾病 l'!_km0{d
a remedy for some diseases XI ><;#
)!zg=}V
3 、其他相关词汇 p*zTuB~e <
drug therapy 药物治疗 j~Ci*'*L
side effects 副反应 /^~)iTwH
drug abuse 药物滥用 V+})$m*>
drugstore 药房 WT 5 2
over the counter 非处方药 >"zN`
drug allergy 药物过敏 A i#~Eu*
drug poisoning 药物中毒 M6Ik 'r"M
prescription 处方 L`w_Q2{sv
expenses for medicine 药费
(w<llb`]
charges for medicine \<}e?Yx%
drug rebate 药品回扣 -Y"2c,~pH
77]Fp(uI
|mw3v>
(四)心理疾病 A(C0/|#V
1 、心理学专业词汇 )5diX
+
k
subhealth 亚健康 /dR:\ffz2
psychological benefits 心理健康 gHH[QLD=I
psychological problem 心理问题 )\izL]=!t
psychological consultation 心理咨询 '_n$xfH
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 [GW;RjPE
mental obstacles 心理障碍 M"OCwBT
U
psychological massage 心理按摩 $C{-gx+:
psychology 心理学/ 心理 9$R}GK
psychotherapy 心理治疗 ^{O1+7d[.
psychological expert 心理专家 )c0 Dofhg
{%Q+Pzl.
2 、情绪词汇 Jj+Hj
[(@
overcome ,V+,3TT
disappoint {k<mN
Y
disappointed bqZ5GKUo
shy , D'_w
*
flush w"h3e
frustration kK]L(ZU+
failure F*,RDM'M
willpower ]RI+:f
optimism Up1e4mNL
optimistic x?G"58
be sensitive to :T/I%|;f
nervous 6L&_(/{Uw
tensional ?wZ`U
Oi
sad agony pessimism pessimistic {60U6n
confident confidence AbOF/g)C
stress pressure 9.l*#A^
depress depressed +)e+$
l
depression depressive {bO
O?pp
39Tlt~Psz
3 、疲劳相关词汇 ^qNr<Ye
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary I73=PfS:m
)SWLX\b
(五)肥胖与营养 iiTt{ab\Y
1 、营养物质 Q;eY]l8
nutrient 营养素 2$yNryd
protein 蛋白质 1C<@QrT
fat 脂肪 ECvTmU'=
glucose 葡萄糖 ' )KuLVE}S
vitamin 维生素 #-bz$w#*
sugar 糖类 h=MEQ-3jg
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 $VUX?ii$7=
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 +Z=DvKsT
J
soft drink beverage 软饮料 .%
+y_.l
cholesterol胆固醇 o%[swoM@
irKM?#h
2 、营养与饮食 BKd?%V8:Q
a well-balanced diet 6l&,!fd
nutrition 营养 F4=V*/7
nutritional 营养的 0K^?
QM|S
b VcA#7
uA
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 &/-}`hIAT
#,Cz+k*4
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall &ZI-#(P
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase O*ER3
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; B PG&R
4. 食品安全 food safety p|Nh:4iN
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies
aS,
6. 应急反应 immediate response to V$3`y=8
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU ;={3H_{3
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system ,#K{+1z:
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care :?SD#Vvrh.
10. 服务体系service system A Y |9
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene *g[MGyF"
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. =TJ9Gr/R&:
13. 清淡的lite e@7UL|12
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet L"}tJM.d
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN 5Kw?#
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 ry0YS\W
17. 虫媒insect pollination; y'(a:.%I
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease rG3?Z^&R+
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; aATNeAR
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion u9N/9
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" @;}vK=6L
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission st)qw]Dn;Y
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D WaSZw0U}y
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate J;'H],w}f
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness \&[(PNl
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s KkCsQ~po
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse
DhXV
=Qw
28. 相似的akin to=similar to /[E2+g
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – Y=t
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30. 脂肪肝fatty liver 3Uej]}c
31. 血压 hypertension Wg,7k9I
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon #_WkV
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 MV]`[^xQ5
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ 6q^\pJY%&7
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 '}IGV`c
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health aJ}hlM>
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds ~RLWr.pK
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations M4(57b[`
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle /B)2
L]6p
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 W8F@nY
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people -fp/3-
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent }B_?7+
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from (,KzyR=*'
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to uIBN
!\j
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to 2_ 1RJ
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to K+"3He
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive bg|dV
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak ;"Aj80
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly RA?_j$
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations \iaZV.#f
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon c91^7@Xv
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate }ice*3'3
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy ^4NRmlb
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances (E7"GJ
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance l fFRqZ
56. 退休养老金retirement n P_'{|M<?
57. 医疗改革health care reform -%|
]
d ;
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity x)Zb:"
59. 月经期menstrual period S 9HEqB0|ZRu
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace (>E/C^Tc%
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care crOSr/I$
62. 安乐死euthanasia Vr Lp5?Bh
63. 得绝症的terminally ill _iCrQJ0"T
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! 'n>44_7 L
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient W -HOl!)
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. *C0a,G4