一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 ,*&:2o_r
(一)医疗、医院、医生 p93r'&Q
1 、医生 t4zkt!`B
① doctor, medical worker i1NY9br
② physician 内科医生 Oj3.q#)`Z
③ surgeon 外科医生 "4+&-ms
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 @s ?
⑤ intern 实习医生 8D3OOab
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 RI
5yF
:8=i kwQ
2 、医院 ; >hNt
① hospital )wam8k5
The specialized hospital 专科医院 4sF"6+%5d
The general hospital 普通医院 /Y
W>*?"N
The community hospital 社区医院 ]@j*/IP
The public hospital 公立医院 A&.WH?p
The private hospital 私立医院 ?I_s0k I
② clinc 门诊 J>wt(] y
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 F\JM\{
&F
③ ward 病房 ;f0I
8i,JN
④ medical team 医疗队 +7D|4
=9y[1t
3、 医疗手段 A!s`[2 Z
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 &S{RGXj_
(2) medical treatment 医疗 1an^1!
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 .zA^)qgL
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis BgurzS4-
(5) prevent (v) 预防 8n#HFJ~
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | gn8R[5:!V
(7) administrate a drug 给药 1n >X[!
8x
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 B8.Pn
(9) TCM 中医 q+H%)kF
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 jqWu
(11) medical service 医疗服务 a]JYDq`,3
(12) complain of (v) 主述 7`-Zuf
(13) health checkup 健康普查 Q8:Has
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 f/
?_
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; CY
4gSe?
wj*,U~syB
4 、医疗体制 <{dVKf,e
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 4,bv)Im+ `
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 WKts[Z
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 H7z,j}l
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 9A/\h3HrJ
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 `>7;!
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 iQ tNAj
j-4VB_N@
5 、医德 T}Km?d
(1 )medical ethics 医德 l Q'I
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 t9,\Hdo
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 ]9YJ,d@J
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 ^`*9QjY
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 j|4<i9^}
(6 )resolute 果断的 O}+.U<V
(7 )service quality 服务质量 @E;=*9ek{u
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people 00G%gQXk,
FK:;e
lZ
6 、病人 @XgKYm
(1 )patient un)4eo!7
(2 )the sick aO]ZZleNS
(3 )the invalid `e(c^ z#
(4) sufferer 8J=?5
udxFz2>_l$
(二)疾病 T?:Rdo!:u
1 、 患病的表达方式 s:OFVlC%\
⑴ suffer from (v ) 5A%w 8Qv
(2) contract (v ) yL%K4$z
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 EqyeJq .
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 ~;QvWS
:?k>HQe
2 、必知疾病名称 *'OxAfa#x
heart disease 心脏病 :j5n7s?&=y
hypertension 高血压 0)%YNaskj
kidney problem 肾病 vqnw#U4`
stroke 中风 {G|,\O1
shock 休克 IM:=@a{
the blood pressure 血压 6BY-^"W5`
diabetes 糖尿病
:l~ I
obesity 肥胖 #hW;Ju73
terminal illness 绝症 !$DIc
incurable illness 不治之症 Jp
j}@,
cancer 癌症 Tu@8}C
tumor 肿瘤 ,/YF-L$(t
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 M8INk,si
emergency case 急症 4,..kSA3iw
serious illness 重症 @xQgY*f#
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 $i&e[O7T;
short breath 短气 rW0kA1=E
syndrome 综合症 cnSJ{T
complications 并发症 D5$wT
I
process 病程 ,^?^dB
bone loss 骨质疏松 L>MLi3{
short-sighted (adj)近视 /nyUG^5#{
^cV;~&|.Xk
3、传染病 2GFLnz
(1) 感染源 6Ca(U'
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 z8{a(nK P
(2 )传染疾病 :Nu^
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 H:!7:
influenza (简)flu 流感 S7=Bd[4
infection contagion 传染病 UH]l9Aq$P
infectious diseases 传染病 *j]9vktH
AIDS 艾滋病 9dFy"yxYa
SARS UjaK&K+M?
(3) 传染 @[5xq
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 xm%Um\Pb7
block the channel (v) W`K7 QWV4
disseminate 传播 tYZ[68
cross infection 交叉感染 EPS={w$'s
lCAIK
5 、疾病、病痛 a-l;vDs
illness HOw-]JSP2
sickness k:JrHBKv\
disease SfgU`eF%B
ailment ?g?L3vRK
suffering i7ISX>%
vN|l\!~
6 、疾病的转归 350_CN,
(1 )疾病的恢复 J\d3N7_d
recover recovery Q
i_>Mg`x
recuperate m_=$0m J$
resume *:>"q ej
recruit -QOw8vm
reinstate H2Z1TIh
(2) 疾病的恶化 9;Itqe{8w
deteriorate !,[C]Q1
aggravate (7XCA,KTGI
exasperate D|rFu
make worse a["2VY6Eq@
worsen hGd<<\
|~'IM3Jw(Y
7、其他相关词汇 JL\w_v
outbreak and spending Lg~B'd8m
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 FL(6?8zK
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 Np'2}6P
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 PUo/J~ v
taboo 禁忌 e
*@{%S
speed up blood circulation (v) A,\6nO67
improve the cardiac functions (v) H|R
T?Q
side effects 副反应 JNkwEZhHyg
complain of 主述 A81ls#is
w"Soe
U
pY_s*0_
(三)药物 -8r
1 、药物名称 QmLF[\Oo_
medicine M7ers|&{
drug R2(3>`FJ
remedy Gm9hYhC8
medicinal herbs zX0mdx<|<
power yY[<0|o u
tablet $/=nU*pd
pill DXa=|T
Q$:![}[(
2 、药物用法 rS4@1`/R
开药 : _U{zMVr
prescribe some medicine for some diseases :6zG7qES3
write out a proscription Eh =~T9
服药 3&6#F"7
take a medicine ]da^xWK
治…的疾病 Ee@4 %/v
a remedy for some diseases n>A98NQ
Pb8^ b
3 、其他相关词汇 "Kc>dJ@W
drug therapy 药物治疗 Wm);C~Le
side effects 副反应 8}fu,$$5
drug abuse 药物滥用 iJZ/jCI
drugstore 药房 /}Lt,9
over the counter 非处方药 [74F6Qp
drug allergy 药物过敏 T"&)&"W*U
drug poisoning 药物中毒 ^S)cjH`P
prescription 处方 ?gPKcjgoH!
expenses for medicine 药费 $uap8nN
charges for medicine jMbC Y07v
drug rebate 药品回扣 hSK;V<$[Z
$&"V^@
ZxlAk+<]
(四)心理疾病 "Vr[4&`
1 、心理学专业词汇 l#lF
+Q;
subhealth 亚健康 2-"0 ^n{
psychological benefits 心理健康
bu=?N
psychological problem 心理问题 LY[~Os W
psychological consultation 心理咨询 quvanxV-L
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 =56T{N
mental obstacles 心理障碍 >@YtDl8R
psychological massage 心理按摩 jS;J:$>^
psychology 心理学/ 心理 [!
'op0
psychotherapy 心理治疗 RN)dS>$
psychological expert 心理专家 Qfky_5R\
-tnQCwq#
2 、情绪词汇 d/}SAvtt
overcome *26334B.R
disappoint >(y<0
disappointed a6:x"Tv
shy , \o\nr!=k
flush l~D N1z6`
frustration |A%<Z(
failure :K
~
willpower H"Klj_<dH0
optimism * ,v|y6
optimistic /t6X(*xoy
be sensitive to y7S4d~&
nervous d*oUfiW
tensional Q#(GI2F2#
sad agony pessimism pessimistic }|B=h
confident confidence __[xD\ES
stress pressure Fkf97O
i
depress depressed N)S!7%ne
depression depressive <xJ/y|{
^FZ^6*
3 、疲劳相关词汇 JbO ~n
)%x
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary }tPk@$
(~)%Fo9X"
(五)肥胖与营养 5j0{p$'9
1 、营养物质 ^`SA'F,
nutrient 营养素 .D4bqL
protein 蛋白质 b dJ+@r
fat 脂肪 @<M*qK1h
glucose 葡萄糖 yAL1O94
vitamin 维生素 VR!-%H\AW
sugar 糖类 dY"}\v6
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 ;NV'W]
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 T\VNqs@
soft drink beverage 软饮料 |3K)$.6~
cholesterol胆固醇 ;nmM7T
Z;
M }0eu(_|
2 、营养与饮食 fqs]<qi
a well-balanced diet h{lDxOH*
nutrition 营养 AGYm';z3
nutritional 营养的 I8H%=Kb?9
69kJC/1+l
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 iRG?# "
4z
:#I;
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall VohhQ
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase P&
*sB%B
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; )[&_scSa
4. 食品安全 food safety |m,VTViv;i
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies 8_uzpeRhJc
6. 应急反应 immediate response to 1u]P4Gf=
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU g"Qh]:
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system 0;~yZ?6_F
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care YEYY}/YX
10. 服务体系service system A 0"xPX#Cvj
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene lS{r=y_0.
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. v7trr W}
13. 清淡的lite mnF}S5[9
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet $2z
_{@Z
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN qH%")7>
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 IGj`_a
17. 虫媒insect pollination; Z&!!]"I
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease ul5|.C
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; W^g[L:s
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion ySdN;d:q
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" g?/XZ5$a5
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission SKXBrD=-
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D "Q+83adY4x
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate h:qHR]
8dZ
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness o96:4j4
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s <"&'>?8j
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse G`]w?
Di4
28. 相似的akin to=similar to |ek
ak{js
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – (L69{n
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver gp< =Gmd
31. 血压 hypertension 5vZ#b\;#V
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon R"6;NPeo
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 /NBTvTI
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ 4L:>4X[T
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 E'dX)J9e$/
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health iQ`]ms+
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds /8 CY0Ey
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations z: G}>fk5
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle H7IW"UkBR
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 a1x7~)z>zi
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people `^8*<+
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent f]_mzF=&
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from G%hO\EO
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to !EFBI+?&
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to YF[$Q=7.
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to ?JqjYI{$
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive |`]oc,1h@
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak #8?^C]*{0
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly !
zfFt;
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations 5+L8\V9;
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon W^R'@
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate w~-X>~ }
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy vgk9b!Xd
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances d.\PS9l
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance =~,l4g\
56. 退休养老金retirement n W8*
2;F]
57. 医疗改革health care reform "L_-}BK
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity AN10U;p/O
59. 月经期menstrual period S
|Ylg$?,9*
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace j`9Nwa
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care QNJ\!+,HV
62. 安乐死euthanasia CKC0{J8g
63. 得绝症的terminally ill ]L(54q;W
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! B/_6Ieb+
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient pzSqbgfrQ
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. ]wf|PU~nr