一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 Hr$QLtr
(一)医疗、医院、医生 } (!EuLL
1 、医生 qTQBt}
① doctor, medical worker `O'`eY1f
② physician 内科医生 0T46sm r
③ surgeon 外科医生 IT$25ZF
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 a@R]X5[O
⑤ intern 实习医生 tY
<Z'xA?
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 -1J[n0O.
R i^[i}
2 、医院 _2N$LLbg
① hospital f^VP/rdg
The specialized hospital 专科医院 QD%L0;j
The general hospital 普通医院 \m1~jMz*>k
The community hospital 社区医院 be +4junf
The public hospital 公立医院 K#"O
a
h
The private hospital 私立医院 {P*m;a`}
② clinc 门诊 RZ+`T+zL
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 0tU.(
③ ward 病房 r\/+Oa'
④ medical team 医疗队 [p<w._b i
~*w
k6&|
3、 医疗手段 l]5w$dded~
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 _8E/)M
(2) medical treatment 医疗 z^<"x|:
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 !50[z:
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis k1!@^A
(5) prevent (v) 预防 BT(CM,bp
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | 6H7],aMg$A
(7) administrate a drug 给药 CvD"sHVq%
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 /gG"v5]
(9) TCM 中医 6AhM=C
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 15sp|$&`
(11) medical service 医疗服务 j*vYBGD
(12) complain of (v) 主述 ~Rr~1I&mR,
(13) health checkup 健康普查 yYfsy?3
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 5@BBoeG
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; \*<d{gZ~
X93!bB
4 、医疗体制 q?8|
[.
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 c3CWRi`LE
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 :n-]>Q>5=k
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 c(~[$)i6
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 HKUn`ng
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 Qr{E[6
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 RtM8yar+sn
)z28=%g
5 、医德 e\:+uVzz
(1 )medical ethics 医德 XSyHk"g`
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 jJPGrkr
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 pWJFz-
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 @W"KVPd
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 ?m\t|/0Q
(6 )resolute 果断的 pz.JWCU1
(7 )service quality 服务质量 9eQxit7
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people
t!_<~
x5-
}h*
6 、病人 z)r=+ -
(1 )patient '$ t
(2 )the sick IHv[
v*4:
(3 )the invalid f@|A[>"V
(4) sufferer |#cm`v
LQRQA[^
(二)疾病 ?WqT[MnK
1 、 患病的表达方式 ,N]H dR
⑴ suffer from (v ) Ni-xx9)=
(2) contract (v ) ?FpWvyz|
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 _n50C"X=&(
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 MS
81sN\d
<(fRn`)PT
2 、必知疾病名称 q(.sq12<<W
heart disease 心脏病 |Sy<@oq
hypertension 高血压 P"IPcT%Ob%
kidney problem 肾病 q=Sgk>NA
stroke 中风 c]n1':FT"
shock 休克 2q=AEv/
the blood pressure 血压 iXVe.n
diabetes 糖尿病 JP!~,mdS
obesity 肥胖 Sw
TL|+u
terminal illness 绝症 KyYM fC
incurable illness 不治之症 .*Ct bGw
cancer 癌症 l3Q(TH ~I
tumor 肿瘤 !Sh&3uy_qN
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 t\~P:"
emergency case 急症 {JZZZY!n2
serious illness 重症 eg\v0Y!rI
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 \r^qL^
short breath 短气 O`x;,6Vr
syndrome 综合症 zZPuha8
complications 并发症
9kN}c<o
process 病程 |[<_GQl
bone loss 骨质疏松 \o}xF@sM5
short-sighted (adj)近视
Ch&a/S}
8uc1
iB
3、传染病 I5 o)_nc
(1) 感染源 u]<,,
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 LSa,1{
(2 )传染疾病 jSh5!6O
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 xu/cq9
influenza (简)flu 流感 q>_/u"
infection contagion 传染病 ck ]Do
!h
infectious diseases 传染病 _E &A{HkJ
AIDS 艾滋病 0bceI
SARS mXRB7k
(3) 传染 3GaQk-
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 B6u
/mo<
block the channel (v) {@H6HqD
disseminate 传播 iEVb"w059
cross infection 交叉感染 mq aHwID
)M,OfXa
5 、疾病、病痛 UldXYtGe
illness zvYq@Mhr
sickness -V-RP
;">
disease A;;fACF8e
ailment yCd-9zb=
suffering oI0M%/aM
(yu/l6[
6 、疾病的转归 9v;Vv0k_
(1 )疾病的恢复 :8L8q<U
recover recovery !^^?dRd*v
recuperate fV &KM*W*@
resume W3]_m8,Z
recruit ;+e}aER&9
reinstate v0
nj M
(2) 疾病的恶化 K$&s=Hm
deteriorate Qiua
aggravate q-
exasperate jlkmLcpf
make worse ) brVduB
worsen >sfRI]OG
S/}2; \Xm
7、其他相关词汇 _g+JA3sIJ
outbreak and spending 2"0es40;0
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 NE"@Bk
cm
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 Q;[,Q~c[u
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 O,J>/
taboo 禁忌 {E
p0TVj`
speed up blood circulation (v) *?Lv3}E
improve the cardiac functions (v) UM!ENI|
side effects 副反应 = 6tHsN23
complain of 主述 DQNnNsP:M-
<A[E:*`*
{HL3<2=o
(三)药物 u}>#Eb
1 、药物名称 c]$i\i#
medicine [OjF[1I)u
drug
*-+&[P]m
remedy VGfMN|h
medicinal herbs tkVbo.[8K
power wAX1l*`
tablet dA-2%u
J
pill !$DIc
Jp
j}@,
2 、药物用法 9iXeBC
开药 : ln$&``L
prescribe some medicine for some diseases ;6gDV`Twy
write out a proscription INcg S MM
服药 ` BDLW%aL
take a medicine DamCF
治…的疾病 JCz@s~f\y
a remedy for some diseases H70LhN
WxW7qt
3 、其他相关词汇 N<f"]
drug therapy 药物治疗 0FGe=$vD
side effects 副反应 7bqBk,`9
drug abuse 药物滥用 MJ7 Y#<u
drugstore 药房
q:l>O5
over the counter 非处方药 z|=}1;(.
drug allergy 药物过敏 =fu
:@+
drug poisoning 药物中毒 Q&MZN);.
prescription 处方 .nG#co"r}3
expenses for medicine 药费 n_$
:7J
charges for medicine umD!2
w
drug rebate 药品回扣 :/
y1yM
8*8Zc/{
="x\`+U
(四)心理疾病 m6n?bEl6I
1 、心理学专业词汇 e"/;7:J5\
subhealth 亚健康 O_$m!5ug
psychological benefits 心理健康 @|<<H3I
psychological problem 心理问题 lCAIK
psychological consultation 心理咨询 iOwx0GD.n
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 |o,8V p
mental obstacles 心理障碍 ul
u9'ch
psychological massage 心理按摩 7w
37S
psychology 心理学/ 心理 s >e=?W
psychotherapy 心理治疗 b|cyjDMAA
psychological expert 心理专家 !lEY=1nHOJ
0dhF&*h|L
2 、情绪词汇 2r
mSo&3@s
overcome m<{<s T
disappoint Q@
2i~Qo[
disappointed V+Cwzc^j
shy , )jkXSTZ
flush j{Hao\F8
frustration `VKf3&|<A
failure 0TN;86Mo
willpower RQ'exc2x0
optimism Xv<B1
optimistic &krwf
]|
be sensitive to @)
s,{F
nervous q6_u@:3u
tensional 5QPM t^
sad agony pessimism pessimistic Sp7ld7c
confident confidence q-]`CW]n
stress pressure _@
*+~9%8p
depress depressed S:TgFt0
depression depressive A-,up{g
k$
H%.l;E
3 、疲劳相关词汇 PZ{Dv'C
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary vhsk0$f
p"l3e9&'j
(五)肥胖与营养 @;<ht c
1 、营养物质 7<%<Ff@^)O
nutrient 营养素 q4}PM[K?=\
protein 蛋白质 jeGj<m
fat 脂肪 GP&vLt51
glucose 葡萄糖 EI_
vitamin 维生素 TjQvAkT
sugar 糖类 OiE;B
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 /1x,h"T\<
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 87:!C5e}
soft drink beverage 软饮料 $BFvF
,n
cholesterol胆固醇 6KVnnK
yU8{i&w4
2 、营养与饮食 u0#}9UKQ
a well-balanced diet H ,+?
t
nutrition 营养 *+uHQgn(
nutritional 营养的 M/):e$S
7\f\!e <
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 ZTU&,1Y ;
;Ra+=z}>
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall q^A+<d
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase -T&.kYqnb$
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; -S$1Yn
4. 食品安全 food safety [Z~ 2
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies a)S+8uU
6. 应急反应 immediate response to _UT$,0u_i
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU B*~5)}1op
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system zoDH` h_
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care >~`r:0',
10. 服务体系service system A 5Q 'i2*j
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene sf]s",t~J
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. {5d9$v7k4
13. 清淡的lite zCOgBT~p
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet vTaJqEE
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN KAsS[
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 f)g7
3=
17. 虫媒insect pollination; H-3Eo#b#
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease QT9n,lX
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; xGU(n_Y
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion Up:<=Kgci
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" gqR)IVk>%
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission Ov#=]t5
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D U,+[5sbo
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate UG'bOF4
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness 7T"XPV|W6
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s R(-<BtM!-
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse Y3h/~bM%
28. 相似的akin to=similar to %0 #XPc("
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – (YY~{W$w(
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver 16L]=&@
31. 血压 hypertension `\X+ Ud|
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon 'kYwz;gp
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 l~D N1z6`
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ <$N"q
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 6G}+gqbX
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health L{E^?iX
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds Ew
S!]h?
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations i/b'4o=8
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle '|7Woxl9
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 [xh*"wT#g
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people /)xlJUq
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent `xiCm':
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from ~2d:Q6
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to &20P,8@
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to p#SY /KIw
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to )HD`O~M>
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive >a1{397Y}
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak \v6M:KR5/
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly +,v-=~5
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations QQe;1O
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon -
}!H3]tr
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate YF:2>w<
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy Xnuzr"4u
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances 0F#>Cm
D
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance "4H8A=
56. 退休养老金retirement n ;WT{|z
57. 医疗改革health care reform xsj
O)))f
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity Jti(b*~
59. 月经期menstrual period S 55t\B ms{
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace 1! p/6
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care JaWv]@9*
62. 安乐死euthanasia M,3wmW&d6
63. 得绝症的terminally ill bXYA5wG
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! j<pw\k{i
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient a;$P:C{gj?
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. q
Q7w&9r.M