一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类
\,&,Q
(一)医疗、医院、医生 LDc?/
Z1
1 、医生 M#Kke9%2
① doctor, medical worker |qm_ESzl
② physician 内科医生 &6wD
③ surgeon 外科医生 1 etl:gcEC
④ doctor in charge 主治医生 Z(F['Zf
⑤ intern 实习医生 S#Q
0aGj
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 Is&0h|
Rxb?SBa
2 、医院 SbLm
① hospital 2~`vV'K
The specialized hospital 专科医院 /~~A2.=.
The general hospital 普通医院 fab.%$
The community hospital 社区医院 G`D rY;
The public hospital 公立医院 Eqizx~e qq
The private hospital 私立医院 Lh@0|k
② clinc 门诊 I-Q@v`
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 z][hlDv\j
③ ward 病房 S@Iza9\|@
④ medical team 医疗队 QHU|aC{r
p~'iK4[&6
3、 医疗手段 lQl!TW"aO
(1) drug therapy 药物治疗 ,Iv eKk5W
(2) medical treatment 医疗 6.Jvqn
(3) medical instruments 医疗器械 XQ3"+M_KG
(4) diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis dl]pdg<
(5) prevent (v) 预防 D~ogq]
(6) sterilize (v) 消毒 | ObPXVqG"?
(7) administrate a drug 给药 VQ"Z3L3-4
(8) prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 .} O@<t
(9) TCM 中医 ]-j.\+(*
(10) chemotherapy 化疗 S;0z%$y
(11) medical service 医疗服务 m]+~F_/
(12) complain of (v) 主述 l|81_B C"
(13) health checkup 健康普查 G! Y
l0Zr
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 C:AD ZJL
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; C 547})
F;bkV}^
4 、医疗体制 t[r6 jo7
(1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 KpBOmXE
(2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 ds9U9t
(3 )medical accident 医疗事故 htT9Hrx
(4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 0q4PhxR`e
(5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 GbC@ |
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 Mkh/+f4
%+htA0aX
5 、医德 *>/w,E]
(1 )medical ethics 医德 Q
'ZZQ
(2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 RBz"1hRo`
(3 )humanistic 人道主义的 w&@zJ [
(4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 8.G<+.
(5 )considerate 体贴周到的 \QQWh wE
(6 )resolute 果断的
kbL7Xjk
(7 )service quality 服务质量 7+88o:G9
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people /!J xiGn
9M^5<8:
6 、病人 6.9C4
(1 )patient dt@~8kS
(2 )the sick k`o8(zPb
(3 )the invalid x ;~;Ah.p
(4) sufferer a x)J!I18
|)v}\-\#
(二)疾病 dWi<U4
1 、 患病的表达方式 kL8E#
⑴ suffer from (v ) ck%.D%=
(2) contract (v ) >0[:uu,'>
(3) people with some disease 患病人群 P*i'uN
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 VFM!K$_
"uP*pR^
2 、必知疾病名称 T{2)d]Y
heart disease 心脏病 iITMBS`}
hypertension 高血压 dGj0;3FI%
kidney problem 肾病 +=Q:g,kP
stroke 中风 .%dGSDru
shock 休克 r*8a!jm?
the blood pressure 血压 q"@#FS
diabetes 糖尿病 d2NFdBoI
obesity 肥胖 8(&6*-7=
terminal illness 绝症 kN3 <l7
incurable illness 不治之症 U}4I29M
cancer 癌症 $m~&| s
tumor 肿瘤 w N`Njm9!
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 5!S#}=f=
emergency case 急症 +}1zw<
serious illness 重症 {}8C/4iP
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 qBcbMa9m
short breath 短气 0:71Xm
syndrome 综合症 Q"U%]2@=
complications 并发症 {$Uj&/IC
process 病程 (3$DUvx7
bone loss 骨质疏松 K!qOO
short-sighted (adj)近视 ~OsLbz:
PYWFz
3、传染病 ZA. SX|m
(1) 感染源 BfCM\ij
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 gE
$Uv*Gj
(2 )传染疾病 +6l#hO7h
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 t:V._@
influenza (简)flu 流感 vf@j d}?
infection contagion 传染病 N>YSXh`W`y
infectious diseases 传染病 2L;=wP2?{
AIDS 艾滋病 5,oLl {S'
SARS +ctU7
rVy
(3) 传染 X<. l(9$
epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 _b/zBFa%
block the channel (v) 52
j3[in
disseminate 传播 -C(Yl=
cross infection 交叉感染 HfhI9f_ x
,j`48S@
5 、疾病、病痛 Cw(yp u
illness &+@`Si=
sickness 6
,jCO@!
disease jQ'g'c!
ailment dmXfz D
suffering jUNt4
hKN ;tq,
6 、疾病的转归 <z2.A/L
(1 )疾病的恢复 >itabG-&
recover recovery 4v_Hh<%
recuperate #k)z5vZ$h
resume HBvyX`-
recruit :x[()J~N
reinstate Mb[4_Dc
(2) 疾病的恶化 ^78N25RU(
deteriorate a?nK
|Q=e
aggravate \W TKw x
exasperate #yR&|*@
make worse %JiF269
worsen WHv6E!^\_
W?aP%D"(i
7、其他相关词汇 SE' |||B
outbreak and spending gI2'[OU
break out (v) 疾病的爆发 ?.F^Oi6
u
spread (v) 疾病的扩散 A'~mJO/
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 !lFNG:&`
taboo 禁忌 O/Hj-u6&A
speed up blood circulation (v) ulW>8bW&
improve the cardiac functions (v) 0U*f"5F
side effects 副反应 Tq)hAZ
complain of 主述 x"C7NW[$
~/JS_>e#6P
Z&iW1
(三)药物 .xT{Rz
1 、药物名称 )SZ#%OE*
medicine 3w |5%`
drug hO3
q|SL
remedy LVdR,'lS
medicinal herbs 3o>JJJ=]
power ;P ju O
tablet L;M@]
pill D4hT Hh
QP50.P5g
2 、药物用法 6qTMHRI
开药 : `'XN2-M8
prescribe some medicine for some diseases tl~ZuS/
write out a proscription -u"|{5? '
服药 M1NdlAAf
take a medicine I2RXw
治…的疾病
*$DD+]2
a remedy for some diseases ' ,]Aj!q
M"p%CbcI]
3 、其他相关词汇 WW6-oQs_#*
drug therapy 药物治疗 z<fd!g+^
side effects 副反应 GKF!GbGR@
drug abuse 药物滥用 8Ara^Xh}q
drugstore 药房 .L%pWRxA[
over the counter 非处方药 3$P
drug allergy 药物过敏 y1}2hT0,
drug poisoning 药物中毒 _s0)Dl6K
prescription 处方 C}3a^j
expenses for medicine 药费 jP}Ry=V/
charges for medicine s.;'-oA
drug rebate 药品回扣 wexX|B^u
"'Gq4<&y
SD%3B!cpX
(四)心理疾病 1GkoE
1 、心理学专业词汇 dD39?K/
subhealth 亚健康 bxL'k/Y$
psychological benefits 心理健康 Dt7z<1-)l
psychological problem 心理问题 0(u}z
psychological consultation 心理咨询 !@P{s'<:
psychological obstacles 心理障碍 Wql=PqF
mental obstacles 心理障碍 _PC<Td>nm
psychological massage 心理按摩 Yg&/^
psychology 心理学/ 心理 jG& 8`*|*
psychotherapy 心理治疗 0d:t=LKw)
psychological expert 心理专家 I(&N2L$-
`\ IaeMvo
2 、情绪词汇 ?kV_!2U)'K
overcome K+L9cv4 |*
disappoint !J {[XT
disappointed -R];tpddR5
shy , NaQ~iY?
flush n++ak\
frustration 4~oRcO8!Y
failure @_c&lToj_
willpower -cn`D2RP
optimism xi,fm
optimistic V}2[chbl
be sensitive to =\i%,YY
nervous @'hkU$N)
tensional ;<0~^,Xm
sad agony pessimism pessimistic e_rEu'[av
confident confidence 4 s9^%K\8{
stress pressure d:]ZFk_*
depress depressed ]*)l_mut7
depression depressive td$RDtW[3
.p'McCV=
3 、疲劳相关词汇 H#nJWe_9A
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary G(F=6L~;
M#8_Qbvfk
(五)肥胖与营养 s{Y-Vdx
1 、营养物质 hS%oQ)zvE
nutrient 营养素 *9F{+)A
protein 蛋白质 mpIR: Im
fat 脂肪 G-vkkNj%e
glucose 葡萄糖 ,^v_gc
vitamin 维生素 'XYjo&w
sugar 糖类 Vm I
Afe
heat calories quantity of heat 热量 ~Hx>yn94e
carbohydrate 碳水化合物 'auYm
X
soft drink beverage 软饮料 bQ0+Y?,+/
cholesterol胆固醇 c47.,oTo
9:E.Iy
2 、营养与饮食 LTb#1JC
a well-balanced diet ~qA\u5sB9@
nutrition 营养
3
}#rg
nutritional 营养的 b'`C<Rk
o7v9xm+
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 %;GRR (K
A- #c1KU!
1. 下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall g- INhzMu
2. 上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase 1n>AN.nI
3. 禽流感 H1N1 flu / bird flu / avian flu; p%\&M bA
4. 食品安全 food safety H]{`q
5. 公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies k/Ao?R=@gI
6. 应急反应 immediate response to Y)AHM0;g
7. .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU 3X`N~_+
8. 城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system S'IQbHz*
9. 预防保健disease prevention and health care qFY>/fCP4
10. 服务体系service system A Gs*X> D
11. 讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene =u5( zaBe
12. 个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. '@5"p.
13. 清淡的lite U\"FYTC
14. 蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet vC^n_
15. 预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN Yjx4H
16. 人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 9*[!ux7h
17. 虫媒insect pollination; 4tp}
18. 虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease C
'joJEo
19. 肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; 'W p~8}i@
20. 爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion ]_! .xx>
21. 传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" R w!_j!
22. 传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission )gxZ &n6
23. 传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D R, UYwI
24. 污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate :CXm@yF~4=
25. 福祉 well-being, happiness QM=Y}
26. 衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s #sf1,k5'
27. 每况愈下from bad to worse x\Kt}/9 7e
28. 相似的akin to=similar to |u^~Z-.
29. 脓的,化脓的purulent – kcl Z+E
30. 脂肪肝fatty liver p{O@ts:
31. 血压 hypertension 1Zgv+.
32. 肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon Q\*zF,ek
33. 亚健康 sub-health 8 0gJ{fcI
34. 过劳死death from overwork [ ,+'VQa"]
35. 长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 N/8B@}@n
36. 养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health _j\8u`^n
37. 分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds !/EN
38. 基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations LcmZ"M6
39. 基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle a )M3t
40. 道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 d+IN-lR(
41. 民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people f.ws\^v%
42. 合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent
l\{r-F
N
43. 死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from )C0 y<:</
44. .归结为 boil down to;come down to a}kPc}n\
45. 归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to -y8>c0u
46. 归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to
Wf-P a9
47. 大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive g,\O}jT\'
48. 大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak vH>s2\V"
49. 表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly 'F Cmbry
50. 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations =nG>aAG
51. 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon zB#.EW
52. 复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate \_t[\&.a}
53. 极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy o(oD8Ni
54. 低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances \-{2E
55. 养老保险 endowment insurance L?b;TjLe
56. 退休养老金retirement n FtybF
57. 医疗改革health care reform 88A,ll%
58. 激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity PS` F
59. 月经期menstrual period S \NQ[w7
60. 生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace v)LSH;<
61. 婴幼儿保健the infant health care g ~>nT>
6
62. 安乐死euthanasia zl
)r3#6hW
63. 得绝症的terminally ill ]nm(V
64. 临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! B1z7r0Rm,
65. 濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient G3.\x_;k
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”.
F2dwT