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主题 : 医学考博写作常用词汇选编
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楼主  发表于: 2014-10-12   
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医学考博写作常用词汇选编

一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类 .G>6_n 3  
(一)医疗、医院、医生 rs@qC>_C0  
  1 、医生 9-.`~v  
  ① doctor, medical worker 5Y5N   
  ② physician 内科医生 npcL<$<6X  
  ③ surgeon 外科医生 \; zix(N[5  
  ④ doctor in charge 主治医生 ~t^'4"K*  
  ⑤ intern 实习医生 )C>M74Bt  
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生 )z7+%nTO  
'.zr:l  
  2 、医院 gal.<SVW  
  ① hospital ~ym-Szo  
  The specialized hospital 专科医院 Es+BV+x[.c  
  The general hospital 普通医院 T]?QCf  
  The community hospital 社区医院 k5)e7Lb(  
  The public hospital 公立医院 ^qPS&G  
  The private hospital 私立医院 )%9 P ;/  
  ② clinc 门诊 v,mn=Q&9  
  Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊 #VM-\02o  
  ③ ward 病房 +7bV  
④ medical team 医疗队 EXT_x q  
QfsTUAfR  
3、 医疗手段 qjd8Q  
(1)              drug therapy 药物治疗 #'Lt_Yf!  
(2)              medical treatment 医疗 VTxL BFK;  
(3)              medical instruments 医疗器械 _z \PVTT  
(4)              diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis {;ur~KE  
(5)              prevent (v) 预防 1|%C66f^  
(6)              sterilize (v) 消毒 | P6o-H$ a+  
(7)              administrate a drug 给药 dtUt2r)6L;  
(8)              prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病 a |+q:g0M  
(9)              TCM 中医 7eekTh, ?  
(10)          chemotherapy 化疗 I4^}C;p0?  
(11)          medical service 医疗服务 gDjs:]/YR  
(12)          complain of (v) 主述 LVp*YOq7  
(13)          health checkup 健康普查 3re|=_ Hy  
(14)          diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗 kQMALS@R  
(15)          consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ; B0}f,J\  
_<1uO=km6  
  4 、医疗体制 #v`J]I)$  
  (1 )healthcare system 医疗体制 9K5[a^q|My  
  (2 )medical disputes 医疗纠纷 =~~Y@eX  
  (3 )medical accident 医疗事故 1V37% D  
  (4 )the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系 P 2;I0 !  
  (5 )medical insurance system 医疗保险体系 *PJg~F%  
(6 )medical aid fund 医疗救助基金 Ii9@ j1-g  
ZNvnVW<  
  5 、医德 DIu rFDQSS  
  (1 )medical ethics 医德 r*!sA5  
  (2 )patient-oriented 以病人为核心 -6KGQc}U  
  (3 )humanistic 人道主义的 ymLhSF][  
  (4 )compassionate 富于同情性的 A+lP]Oy0S  
  (5 )considerate 体贴周到的 &S"o jbb  
  (6 )resolute 果断的 Y dK]%%  
  (7 )service quality 服务质量 6KD  
(8 )to give top priority to the lives and health of people <([1(SY2e  
0=r.I}x  
  6 、病人 XHu2G t_  
  (1 )patient D$RQD{*  
  (2 )the sick K~_[[)14b  
  (3 )the invalid ,afh]#  
  (4) sufferer pO n>m1|  
   +FWkhmTv  
(二)疾病  U'nz3  
  1 、 患病的表达方式 `R]9+_"N  
  ⑴ suffer from (v ) )hHkaI>eYv  
  (2) contract (v ) %:/_O*~)Yg  
  (3) people with some disease 患病人群 uhFj|r$$  
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人 vmW4 3K;  
9tVA.:FOZ  
  2 、必知疾病名称 yFT)R hN  
  heart disease 心脏病 ?#^_yd|<  
  hypertension 高血压 &Z_W*D  
  kidney problem 肾病 $up.< qzj  
  stroke 中风 iNR6BP W  
    shock 休克 l K%pxqx  
  the blood pressure 血压 <a|$ Bl  
  diabetes 糖尿病 SLL%XF~/Sb  
  obesity 肥胖 ]k%Yz@*S  
  terminal illness 绝症 FrO)3 1z  
  incurable illness 不治之症 e g#.f`  
  cancer 癌症 E0^~i:M k  
  tumor 肿瘤 h5&l#> 8&  
  cancer of early stage 癌症晚期 bE2^sx`(  
  emergency case 急症 4!< 8Dd  
  serious illness 重症 y88FT#hR|5  
  the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病 EZz Ox(g  
  short breath 短气 <8[BB7  
  syndrome 综合症 .N8AkQ(Ok  
  complications 并发症 C`3}7qi|C  
  process 病程 "#2z 'J  
  bone loss 骨质疏松 uh3%}2'P  
short-sighted (adj)近视 RV5X0  
l;: L0(('  
  3、传染病 D[m;rcl  
  (1) 感染源 >&tPIrz  
  virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介 _niXl&C  
  (2 )传染疾病 [Z|R-{"  
  some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫 L,| 60*  
  influenza (简)flu 流感 nnX,_5s  
  infection contagion 传染病 NyI0 []z  
  infectious diseases 传染病 }3F8[Td.~N  
  AIDS 艾滋病 q-gN0"z^6$  
  SARS @Hj5ZJ 3  
  (3) 传染 W F<`CQg[  
  epidemic (a) 流行的,传染的 );V6YE  
  block the channel (v) 4[|^78  
  disseminate 传播 ~h 6aw  
cross infection 交叉感染 L8N`<a5T  
ulV)X/]1  
  5 、疾病、病痛 T>s~bIzL*e  
  illness D ::),,  
  sickness @d QIl#  
  disease Y;d$x}dh  
  ailment e )l<D)  
suffering :zZK%} G<  
Bs(\e^}  
  6 、疾病的转归 | ?3\xw  
  (1 )疾病的恢复 Ehu^_HZ  
  recover recovery 72R|zR  
  recuperate }YWLXxb;  
  resume 7J,j  
  recruit JsI` #  
  reinstate R!b<Sg  
  (2) 疾病的恶化 St9W{  
  deteriorate z&[Rw<{Psb  
  aggravate Aq%TZ_m  
  exasperate =mxG[zDtQ  
  make worse &^Q-:Kxs8  
  worsen Npq Mdd   
   -/rP0h5#  
    7、其他相关词汇 V/"UDof  
  outbreak and spending ~kPHf_B;z  
  break out (v) 疾病的爆发 lYldq)qB{  
  spread (v) 疾病的扩散 =V~p QbZ  
  the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率 RhR{EO  
  taboo 禁忌 n4,b?-E>(  
  speed up blood circulation (v) X c~yr\%]  
  improve the cardiac functions (v) U Hh  
  side effects 副反应 %0l'Nuz  
complain of 主述 3y?I^ .B  
K}7E;O5m"  
   Z6C!-a  
(三)药物 jez=q  
  1 、药物名称 D*.U?  
  medicine ?e( y/  
  drug Gy 0 m  
  remedy T40&a(hXQ  
  medicinal herbs :"QR;O@  
  power mQ(6ahD U  
  tablet &w15 GO;4  
pill LF6PKS  
Q8-;w{%  
  2 、药物用法 k*XI/k5Vc  
  开药 : I_h u s  
  prescribe some medicine for some diseases _yx~t  
  write out a proscription |q| ?y`X4/  
  服药 GZ=7)eJ~<  
  take a medicine VZveNz@]r  
  治…的疾病 %vF,wQC  
a remedy for some diseases s"OP[YEke/  
 Y7*8 A,  
3 、其他相关词汇 f6/<lSoW  
  drug therapy 药物治疗 yV"k:_O{  
  side effects 副反应 eR1SPS1+  
  drug abuse 药物滥用 1`6kc9f.  
  drugstore 药房 stxei 6  
  over the counter 非处方药 ^Pwtu  
  drug allergy 药物过敏 )NF5,eD  
  drug poisoning 药物中毒 PI G3kJ  
  prescription 处方 y  J|/^qs  
  expenses for medicine 药费 s+m3&(X  
  charges for medicine YL?2gBT  
drug rebate 药品回扣 sA(d_ Yu_  
jm ORKX+)  
   CJa`[;i0y  
(四)心理疾病 #}xw *)3  
  1 、心理学专业词汇 /]1$Soo  
  subhealth 亚健康 EjA3hHJ  
  psychological benefits 心理健康 kJ'rtz4QO  
  psychological problem 心理问题 kuq&8f~!  
  psychological consultation 心理咨询 ~:krJ[=  
  psychological obstacles 心理障碍 @> |3d  
  mental obstacles 心理障碍 c1ga{c`Z  
  psychological massage 心理按摩 .IU\wN  
  psychology 心理学/ 心理 ikd1KF+I  
  psychotherapy 心理治疗 jd.{J{o  
psychological expert 心理专家 u~xfI[8C  
{{r.?m#{  
  2 、情绪词汇 { 1eW*9  
  overcome A.9ZFFz  
  disappoint d=nv61]  
  disappointed g:fkM{"{  
  shy , <*Gd0 v%  
  flush yE#.Q<4  
  frustration }`pxs  
  failure -Hh.8(!XoO  
  willpower uXouN$&  
  optimism @tIY%;Bgk  
  optimistic V7"^.W*  
  be sensitive to q4T98s2J  
  nervous [gDl<6a#4  
  tensional gX|We}H  
  sad agony pessimism pessimistic R=J5L36F  
  confident confidence x~JOg57up  
  stress pressure msVi3`q~  
  depress depressed ]]NTvr  
  depression depressive {O6yJckH  
   QuIZpP=  
3 、疲劳相关词汇 g/ 4ipcG;N  
  fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary Z,oCkv("n  
   c2u* <x  
(五)肥胖与营养 ] T<#bNK\1  
  1 、营养物质 TT oW>RP#  
  nutrient 营养素 #}lWM%9Dy  
  protein 蛋白质 h])oo:u'/Q  
  fat 脂肪 ?IG[W+M8  
  glucose 葡萄糖 DLN zH  
  vitamin 维生素 *\Lr]6k  
  sugar 糖类 F/cA tT.M?  
  heat calories quantity of heat 热量 CK#i 6!~r  
  carbohydrate 碳水化合物 .^6yCs5~`  
  soft drink beverage 软饮料 ;Z9(ll:<$  
cholesterol胆固醇  {DapXx  
v_Hy:O}R  
  2 、营养与饮食 h'+F'1=  
  a well-balanced diet Q ZC\%X8j  
  nutrition 营养 (((|vI3 <  
  nutritional 营养的 e{H(  
B1A:}#  
二、医学写作其他常用词汇 s!S_Bt):3  
 dZox;_b  
1.       下降、减少 reduction,decrease,decline,diminution, drop,descend,go / come down,fall tAPf#7{|   
2.       上升、增加rise; go up; ascend;increase <I#M^}`  
3.       禽流感 H1N1 flu /  bird flu / avian flu; ((&5F!+\-  
4.       食品安全 food safety ia (&$a8X  
5.       公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies ?E<9H/  
6.       应急反应 immediate response to E3] 8(P%D-  
7.       .关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being &>6IU l" 7#(a  
8.       城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system >=:^N-a  
9.       预防保健disease prevention and health care sm;kg=  
10.   服务体系service system A 7%W1M@  
11.   讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene +&dkJ 4g[  
12.   个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene 9i. 1rS8+!9C  
13.   清淡的lite -$X4RS  
14.   蛋白添加饮食protein-complemented diet )TEm1\  
15.   预防的措施preventive initiatives=preventive measures ^AN 7#c4.9b?  
16.   人畜共患病zoonosis=anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病 . :>e"D  
17.   虫媒insect pollination; Rt:^'Qi$!  
18.   虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease O"/Sv'|H #  
19.   肾病综合征nephritic/renal syndrome; .lq83; k  
20.   爆发流行break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of explosion g~$UU(HX  
21.   传染(及相关词):infect/infection/infectious, communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable;!" 6`vW4]zu  
22.   传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind;person to person transmission RehraY3q  
23.   传播,散布:diffuse,prevalence,spread,transmit,disseminate,propagate/ propagation{D ?20R\ ]U  
24.   污染pollution/ pollute,contamination/contaminate N!MDD?0  
25.   福祉 well-being, happiness L`e19I$  
26.   衰老grow old;aging;senility;senile s oam;hmw  
27.   每况愈下from bad to worse $PI9vyS  
28.   相似的akin to=similar to mU~&oU  
29.   脓的,化脓的purulent – qE|syA9  
30.   脂肪肝fatty liver [3I| MZ  
31.   血压 hypertension e(xuy'4r  
32.   肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon 15q^&l[Q  
33.   亚健康 sub-health 8 {y a .  
34.   过劳死death from overwork [ ji . /m8(  
35.   长期以来 for a long time ; over the years 0 Aq*?Q/pV  
36.   养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health <9piKtb|L  
37.   分类 be divided into=fall into three categories=be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.=be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds lixM0  
38.   基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations {=?(v`88  
39.   基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle $B_%MfI  
40.   道德morals, morality, ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面,指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准,尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为,或用道德标准衡量某事,既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面,指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为,常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 HZZZ [km  
41.   民众the (general) public,the masses of the people,the common people L<0_e^8  
42.   合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; co-agent u '/)l}  
43.   死亡人数death toll,deaths,the number of people killed in/dying from > *VvV/UU  
44.   .归结为 boil down to;come down to xVbRCu#Z  
45.   归因为/归功于 be attributable to,be attributed to,ascribe or attribute… to, owe…to V-@4s}zX  
46.   归咎于lay or put the blame on sb,blame…on,ascribe or attribute… to,impute… to Hz."4nhv  
47.   大规模on a large scale,extensive,large-scale,massive ooUVVp  
48.   大规模流行 large-scale transmission,become a pandemic,massive attack/outbreak 9Dgs A`{$  
49.   表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly l>b'b e9  
50.   因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations ;nP(S`'  
51.   孤立现象an isolated phenomenon i9XpP(mf  
52.   复杂的complicated,complex,sophisticated,intricate <j>;5!4!}  
53.   极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy Ec}%!p_$  
54.   低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances NytTyk)  
55.   养老保险 endowment insurance D|*w6p("z  
56.   退休养老金retirement n Wp8>Gfb2  
57.   医疗改革health care reform !ess.U&m'  
58.   激烈运动strenuous exercise;vigorous activity #jrlNg4(  
59.   月经期menstrual period S uJ -$i   
60.   生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace vm_]X{80;  
61.   婴幼儿保健the infant health care S-q"'5>  
62.   安乐死euthanasia n}IGxum8`  
63.   得绝症的terminally ill qb=2J5su  
64.   临终关怀=hospice care=end-of-life care ! =<3HOOC  
65.   濒临死亡的病人:dying patients,terminally ill patients,incurable patient 1Ub=RyB  
吸二手烟secondhand smoking ,also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. ]"uG04"Vk  
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