考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 3G;#QK-c
开头万能公式: gZ^'hW-{
1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 FVgE^_
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! wUj#ACqB
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? zD9gE
经典句型: n;F/}:c_a
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) UrP jZ:K'
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. =u.jZ*u]WT
(适用于自编名言) 0[O ."9
更多经典句型: 6N<v&7cSB
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… ]m(C}}
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 W{v{sQg
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 a
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原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: H E'1Wa0r
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college zBKfaQI,
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. 3R=R k
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: W|yFjE&dr
Honesty vK10p)ZV
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 WA$Ug
Travel by Bike &l0-
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根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 G)S(a4
Youth ?:
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根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 8=Z]?D=
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? yltzf
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根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 Ny6 daf3f
更多句型: t
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A recent statistics shows that … it\U+xu
结尾万能公式: [JzOsi~R
1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 \GFFPCi4D
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: "8%z,lHw
Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good rZt7C(FM$7
manners arise from politeness and respect for others. e+? -#
如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! }iZ>Gm'5
更多过渡短语: ifYC&5}SI
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus O*:8gu'Y2
更多句型: B4>kx#LR
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… KXtc4wra
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 )=:gO`"D
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! _Cd_i[K[
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve U&\2\z3{
the problem. [tP6FdS/M=
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? G9_M~N%a
更多句型: >.fN@8[
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. mDJg-BQ
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be cfg_xrW0^
taken. NETji:d
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 9tt0_*UX
工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: 5V($|3PI
As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is [HV9KAoA
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to L+b"d3!G&%
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite y9>?
similar.
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如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记! u{/!BCKE
强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 G]T A7~VT
主 题 句原则 ` s}v6
国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! qZ8V/
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! o (OC3
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully DW,fh8 w
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, 3cp"UU}.
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 1 ^k#g,
一 二 三原则 dF-d
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… d_5wMK6O6
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 }k-rOi'jL
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) *Y2d!9F}Sa
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) n<x NE%
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) tVf 1]3(_>
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, gXR1nnK
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) ]('isq,P
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) m;v/(d>
6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) lIN`1vX(
7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) xV
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8)most important of all, moreover, finally S"Q$ Ol"
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) )eFq0+6*)
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) CENA!W
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建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 /}]Irj4m
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: \mt0mv;c
I cannot bear it. ?1I0VA']
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. 8: KlU(J
I want it. y`~[R7E
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. S> f8j?n
这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 4g.y$
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, !V=s^8nj
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital Ou
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之类的形象词。再比如: |WiK*
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room & >AXB6
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room ~CQYF,[Th
*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room Q<y&*o3YF|
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room Os?`!1-
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room s!q6OVJ-
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 #^- U|~,
1)加法(串联) O)'Bx=S4Ke
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, FuNc#n>
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: 7W[}7Y
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. !\a'GO[
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: ,y[wS5li
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. s|U=_,.
其它的短语可以用: Uk u~"OGC
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover r/E;tm[\
2)转折(拐弯抹角) 2$^n@<uZ@
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 IYq)p
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The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. .0:twj
The coat was thin, but it was warm. [N}:Di,S
更多的短语: ZM/*cA!"
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, NhyVX%qt:
despite, notwithstanding vdloh ,
3)因果(so, so, so) cn$E?&-
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! m}] bP
The snow began to fall, so we went home. DUc
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更多短语: }vkrWy^
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a ;E/:_DWPD
result, for this reason, so that hPhNDmL#3
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) r5XG$:$8\
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 %D|27gh
举例:This is what I can do. j?ihUNY!+
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. Ycypd\q/
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: Yxye?R-:
When to go, Why he goes away… >OVi{NyT
5)附加(多此一举) l@Vl^f~ P
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 `y; s1nL
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. E~5r8gM,0
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. h_ef@ZwSw
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. o0b}:`
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom c#M'Mye
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 cQ~}qE>I
6)排比(排山倒海句) [
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文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! [Q&{#%M
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated n*G[ZW*Uc
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. JX,&im*BG
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such iva&W
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean _Z'j%/-4@D
tides. W!pLk/|ls
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, Q#8}pBw
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) R4G$!6Ld
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 ^D 8YF
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! kRs(A~ngc
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: `T2RaWR4=
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb
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the Western Hills. Z.+-MN WV
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about <d~P;R(@
three times that of China. )tGeQXVhbJ
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪! [8AGW7_
文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 p_S8m|%
思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! hD!W&Er
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted _hyboQi
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as Reca5r1O
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. R'f|1mt
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will @O9.~6
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the ~;O|
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seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. )O~LXK=b
更多句型: e`ti*1]q
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, YIo$
for example二、做比较 =zBcfFii`w
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;
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世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through ^c3~CD5H
3
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: ;$Q`JN=
相似的比较: 3a #2 }
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner :&ir5xHS
相反的比较: B9pro%R1Bo
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, :GXiA
nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, x>vC;E${"
…三、换言之 J'9hzag
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 (@*[^@ipV
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! t%H
g8oya
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. cjfYE]
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love UN#XP$u
tY
with you. p\OUx Am
或者上面我们举过的例子: k4jZu?\C]
I cannot bear it. 4b]/2H
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. gV@FT|j!i
因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with 6L[ Yn?;
it or I am fed up with it. pEgQ)
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更多短语:
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in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more {`,dWjy{%
simply