图表及图表类型 bv7xh*
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1、图表:chart, graph, diagram 13)6p|6x
2、各类图表: M?Q
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表格:table; fe"w--v
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; vILB$%I
饼形图:piechart; y 4aT-^C'
线形图:linechart 或curve chart
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▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 [eBt Dc*w
1、“数字数据”相关 ?I:_FT
(1) the number of sth. vjh'<5w9Wi
(2) data, statistics, figures l0qHoM,1Y[
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion |id7@3leu
(4) around, over, appropriately e%4v
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2、表达“上升” 0(9gTxdB
(1)常见词汇 6 b?K-)kL
increase → (名词形式increase ) *f{4_ts
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) w)1SZ}
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) sSD&'K=lq
go up 7}~nQl2
注意以下短语数量上的区别: (^sb('"
increase by +数字上升到... X7:Dw]t
increase to +数字上升了... 2chT^3e
reach to +数字达到... l&"bm C:xr
(2)其他词汇 b
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climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 t\!5$P
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 1D
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rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 (Ia:>ocE0
(3) 地道表达 .>PwbZ
double, triple A)d0Z6G`
3、表达“下降” <5CQ#^cK
(1) 常见词汇 66+]D4(k
decrease (名词形式decrease ) RC8-6s& ln
drop (名词形式drop) i12G\Ye
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) f^5sJ0;%
decline (名词形式decline ) ANj%q9e!Yi
go down qEdY]t
(2)其他词汇 W&Xi&[Ux
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 !VrBoU4<d
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 akHQ&+[j
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 I>-}ys`[
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 oW(8bd)
4、表达“波动” tEibxE
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation )
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go up and down f)Z'#[A*t7
rise and fall +l7Bu} _?
5、表达“保持平稳” SxC(:k2b;
remain stable (或 remain constant) Tilr%D(Q
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) (m.
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▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) +yHzp
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 xu;^F
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable ?:zMrlX
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 :n
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slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady _,- \;
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” "DJ%Yo
1、v. + adv. >g [Wnzf
decline slowly 91#n Aj%
grow dramatically 1;>RK
fluctuate sharply Me;Nn$'%
2、 adj. + n.
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a slow decline >rh<%55P`
a dramatic growth D,uT#P
a sharp fluctuation $ g#d1u0q
a slight increase "xD5>(|^+Q
a significant increase <5sfII
3、 on a +adj.+ n m(WVxVB
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: Zt4 r_7
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. [3W+h1
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. xtp55"g