图表及图表类型 >A(?P n{|a
1、图表:chart, graph, diagram dt0E0i
2、各类图表: .6Lhy3x
表格:table; M>H^<N}'A
柱形图:barchart 或column chart; ?eVuz x
饼形图:piechart; A&lgiR*ObT
线形图:linechart 或curve chart p$o&dQ=n[
▶表达图表中数据动态变化的名词或动词 FQ~ead36C
1、“数字数据”相关 |&RX
>UW$W
(1) the number of sth. eKFc
W5O
(2) data, statistics, figures "`gZy)E
(3) hundred, thousand, million, billion V45Udwp^
(4) around, over, appropriately {f-/,g~
2、表达“上升” SU}oKii
/
(1)常见词汇 @P
5@&G
increase → (名词形式increase ) 2gR_1*|
rise (不规则动词rise→rose→risen) → (名词形式rise) I;.E}k
grow (不规则动词grow→grew→grown) → (名词形式growth) QDT{Xg*I
go up c^)E:J/
注意以下短语数量上的区别: U
<$xp
increase by +数字上升到... -%gd')@SfD
increase to +数字上升了... +X(^Q@
reach to +数字达到... R^kv!x;h
(2)其他词汇 i|{nj\6w^
climb : rise, usually slowly 爬升 Rpd/9x.)&
leap : move or act quickly or suddenly 跳跃,剧增 =RE_Urt:
rocket : increase very rapidly 迅速增加 Ollv _o3
(3) 地道表达 $AhX@|?z
double, triple ]S aH/$
3、表达“下降” /IW=+ri
(1) 常见词汇 Y[]+C8"O
decrease (名词形式decrease ) N4DDH^h
drop (名词形式drop) W3/Stt$D
fall (不规则动词fall→fell→fallen) → (名词形式fall) 4S EC4yO
decline (名词形式decline ) }w
^ T9OC
go down M`fXH 3D
(2)其他词汇 +Qvgpx >
plunge: fall steeply 跳水,猛跌 Jl4XE%0
plummet: drop sharply 垂直落下 &u\z
T
P
sink: to fall, drop, or descend gradually to a lower level 下沉,沉没 z\d2T%^:g(
dip: decline slightly and usually temporarily 下沉 }JMkM9]
4、表达“波动” 0F'UFn>{
fluctuate (名词形式fluctuation ) @M?EgVmW
go up and down ?,DbV|3_\
rise and fall fqs p1m$
5、表达“保持平稳” W&f Py%g
remain stable (或 remain constant) <+,0G`
level off = move toward stability or consistency (趋向平稳) "Am0.c/
▶描述数据变化方向和幅度的形容词(配合名词)、副词(配合动词) .(]1PKW
1、变化快、剧烈、明显 #R4KBXN
dramatic, drastic, sharp, steep, quick, rapid, sudden, significant, considerable Z9~Wlt'?
2、变化慢、微弱、不明显 arL&^]JnZ,
slight, moderate, modest, slow, marginal, gradually, steady <qY>d,+E'
▶常用短语:“动词配副词”和“形容词配名词” gc[J.[
1、v. + adv. `b'J*4|oGo
decline slowly /O9EI'40)
grow dramatically bxe 97]
fluctuate sharply B F|FW
2、 adj. + n. x#mk[S
V
a slow decline ,#OG/r-H
a dramatic growth <yO9j
a sharp fluctuation TFPq(i
a slight increase FY*0gp
a significant increase ;#yz i2f
3、 on a +adj.+ n <qt%MM [Y
例如:如上述柱形图所示,过去二十年间中国城镇人口已经显著上升。该句至少有以下两种表达: *3($s_r>
1)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China hasgrow dramaticallyin the past two decades. P32'`!/:
2)As is revealed in the above bar chart, the urban population in China has been ona dramatic growthin the past two decades. 7Apbi}")