英语中基本句式 ~Z/,o)
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英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下: 6Ot~Q
S十V主谓结构 5z0VMt
S十V十F主系表结构 =3(Auchl$Y
S十V十O主谓宾结构 MAkr9AKb,
S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 2%fIe
S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 l~;>KjZg
说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语 0)Ephsw
五个基本句式详细解释如下: ?< b{
1.S十V句式 T#-;>@a}
在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。例如: -&Xv,:'?
He runs quickly. 7C7.}U
他跑得快。 =^u;uS[IW
They listened carefully. klJ21j0Bb2
他们听得很仔细。 eo9/
He suffered from cold and hunger. (考试大) r+Ki`HD%
他挨冻受饿。 Ldj
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China belongs to the third world country. V,_m>$Mo
中国属于第三世界国家。 'vBZh1`p
The gas has given out. %)r ~GCd
煤气用完了。 2DW@}[G
My ink has run out. |[>@Kk4
我的钢笔水用完了。 !e|\
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2.S十V十P句式 [
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在此句式中,V是系动词(link v.),常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等。例如: -)}s{[]d6m
He is older than he looks. v(2N@s<%
他比看上去要老。 EraGG"+
He seen interested in the book. OjUPvR2 0
他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 @V*dF|# /
The story sounds interesting. AYbO~_a\N
这个故事听起来有趣。 F[jE#M=k
The desk feels hard. fM;,9
书桌摸起来很硬。 WUYI1Ij;
The cake tastes nice. rpT.n-H>%A
饼尝起来很香。 IP62|~Ap
The flowers smell sweet and nicc.
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花闻起来香甜。
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You have grown taller than before. js_`L#t
你长得比以前高了。 gF)9a_R%p
He has suddenly fallen ill.(examda) %=aKW[uq]
他突然病倒了。 Z3`EXs
He stood quite still. `%C -7D'?
他静静地站看。 O`5,L[i1y
He becomes a teacher when he grew up. (
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他长大后当了教师。 7GgZ: $d
He could never turn traitor to his country. PMzPj,
他永远不会背叛他的祖国。 AJPvwu}D
注意:有些动词同时也是及物动词,可构成SVO句式,例如: R?{+&r.X
He looked me up and down. / ;]5X
他上下打量我。
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He reached his hand to feel the elephant. f[ ^f/jGm
他伸出手来摸象。 G=zWhqieh
They are tasting the fish. k:@DK9
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他们在品尝鱼。 {MUB4-@?F$
They grow rice in their home town. D Ez,u^
他们在家乡种水稻。 T<AT&4
He's got a chair to sit on. zG!nqSDG
他有椅子坐。 8.E"[QktZ
Please turn the sentence into English. 7e/+C{3v
请把这个句于泽成英语。 D #ddx
3.S十V十O句式 y8Va>ul"U
在此句式中,V是及物动词(vt.),因此有宾语。例如: q'2vE;z Kb
I saw a film yesterday. ~/
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我昨天看了一部电影。 [}RoZB&I
Have you read the story? e|~MJu+1
你读过这个故事吗? cs9^&N:w[
They found their home easily. B5e9'X^
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他们很容易找到他们的家。 Ic&h8vSU
They built a house last year. &hCbXs=
他们去年建了一所房子。 hy;VvAH5
They've put up a factory in the village.
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他们在村里建了一座工厂。 :5d>^6eoB?
They have taken good care of the children. BFLef3~.0
这些孩子他们照看得很好。 %+7]/_JO&