2009博士生考试基础词汇汇总 }r|$\ms
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Abandon The match was abandoned because of bad weather. n4 o}}tI
ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay =gHUY&sPu8
desert/forsake/ leave / cease / depart / discard / relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up Tb!jIe
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abide We have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) n W:Bo#
Her fame will abide for sure. Last/endure/ continue/persist/remain/stay ->2m/d4a
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You have to keep ______ with the times. Uwg*kJ3
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Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with , nW)A/?}
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call. ;8yEhar
engage/occupy/bend over/involve/be busy with uuYeXI;
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game "/d
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access In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library. tfVlIY<
Way/approach/solution/answer/ 8B3C[?
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/at hand Jn"ya^~
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His words are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) uIR/^o
I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreement with/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to bkiMF$K,K
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independently -AwkP
You have to take everything into account/consideration. Attention/regard/respect/mind CB`GiH/j
Give us an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement r;GAQH}j_
He has been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) z4JhLef %
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure pI(
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active He is very active in politics. ~=?^v[T1
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic [@/s! i @
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation. >Zh^,T={G
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit :"`1}Q
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) {0L)B{|
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. ;I~UQgE6H
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/ acknowledge/adopt) S%o6cl =
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adequate Their earnings are barely adequate to their needs. ]P)
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enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample BKQwF*<V
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money. q0(-"}2l
Benefit/gain/upper hand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns '3
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Aim His aim is to win the game. [S?`OF12
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination 56H~MnX
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twenty years. fDwqu.K
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heap up/store up T 2Gscey
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang OhTd>~R`<
Figure/digit/measure 7A{,)Y/w ^
ambitious These young men were ambitious for success and money. "`
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Eager for/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intent upon }ssL;q
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. 5wbR}`8
Add up to/approximate/total/sum up QQQN}!xPj
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The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. XT{ukE
vDR
sum/measure/quantity/price/value `\Te,
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angle Try looking at this affair from a different angle. aspect nmClP
/view/point of view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment vd0uI#g%#
theory/outlook 2@:Ztt6~
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board. $8fJ DN
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/make known W!
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do. AV;x'H7G
expect/ look forward to/await/foresee/hope for <O4W!UVg
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Not at all |[MtUWEW
gS.,V!#t
The apparent things might not tell of the truth. DUvF
apparent obvious seeming evident clear plain 7loIjT7
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking. -~&T0dt~
Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. AzFS6<_
Except for / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition aa/_:V@$~
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He was appointed member of the committee. kB]*2o9-3
Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/vote for ]ujXPK=t
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg GUUd(xS{
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apply Please apply to the secretary for further information. oU)3du
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone. YguY5z
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approve Many people don't approve of the plan. disapprove d% Nx/DS)
like/prefer/endorse/accept/think well of TS@U0Ror
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arise The company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. )*Rr5l /l
Rise raise rouse arouse arise }Ih5`$
Originate/ derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up MsjC4(Xla.
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artificial/artistic Her painting is a great artistic creation. /R[PsB
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ashamed /shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating \_AoG8
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Ashamed of having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. vfOG(EkG.?
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will be glad to get acquainted with. nv%0EAa#}
associate/link / touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with / relate
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I assume that success is a sum of mistakes. e)A{
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Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted Ct386j><
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assure I can assure you of my support. #E@X'jwu
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise n-:n.JX
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of at least on foreign language. |eH*Q%M
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete iS}~e{TP/
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of the town during the rush hour. |5me }!C
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from d6{0[T^L
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The government has banned the used of chemical weapons. Mx=L lC)
Bar prohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct 'cvc\=p
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale Nt_7Z
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year. _`q ei0
China has been following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. [C( >e0r
ground foundation yMBFw:/o
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. Q)l~?Fx
As soon as before the second the minute the moment FHbw&
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You can’t blame all this on me. P>;u S
He is the last one to blame for the accident. ,)P6fa/
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn n<66 7
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals 6'QlC+E
board/ committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team *OMW" NZ;
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boast You should not boast of your success. Brag show off Pqb])-M9p
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boom Production boomed. 3M<T}>
Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speed up/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper ^+q4* X6VB
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, he says "No". short %[7<GcWl
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We are bound for London. Head make JBvP {5
The weather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to T1c.ER}17
There are no bounds to his ambition. Limit confine restriction 6qp'
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call This situation¬¬¬¬_____________ for prompt action. (calls in calls at calls on calls for) wf=M|
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They have called off their engagement. '*,P33h9<!
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She was calm when I told her of the terrible news. !xo; $4
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful TBp$S=_**
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We should not doubt his capability.
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Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency NamO5(1C
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Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends. lL{1wCsl
Career job vocation trade calling work profession occupation /QK H30E
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There is no reason why we should not carry on with it. }m0hq+p^
Carry on go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process gm}[`GMU
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case In any case I shall return in a day or two. If even if for fear on condition ss>p
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center She centered her attention on the problem. C=|X]"*:u0
Focus concentrate fix yJ!x`RD),w
BPkqC >w
charge The charge against him was severe. ,Xt!dT-
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/ guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment _onEXrM
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Since the situation is changing, let’s take some _____ measures to deal with it. yC<[LH
flexible changeable changing
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If I had the choice, I would retire at thirty. ij/5m-{6)
Selection/preference/option/alternative HD&Ag
No one came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. Oe^oigcM
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cling She clung to the hope that he was still alive. g9$P J:
Stick adhere hold grasp -WX{y Ci
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close The ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. KKLW-V\6K
Listen closely and look closely, you’ll find it out. hz8Z)xjJ V
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A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity. O%n =n3
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key J6 VG j=/
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. k}o*=s>M
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join z]J
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work just yet. Remark d^Jf(NE0Yo
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark ?TXe.h|u
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commit I cannot commit myself to any further expense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate QNzx(IV@
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Compare this with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast l"-F<^
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Poets have compared sleep to death. 0R0j7\
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She is lovely beyond compare. @9wug!,
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. sP+ZE>7
I have done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. k^ZcgHHgb
Comparable/comparative B[I
a8t
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should. 6,*o;<k[
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt dIUg
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He has formed a good habit. fs=W(~"
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build .>{.!a
Assemble/manufacture/produce d1`us G"
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Next year, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required O'G,
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compose The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. 7|"gMw/
Consist of/ be made up of / contain / include/hold/cover/comprise Hz&.]yts2J
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comprehensive /Comprehensible UqP
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She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject. c%|18dV
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in the room. Aware \*5_gPj!d
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmas card. ~;f,Ad`Q
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic 6n
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Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful RSNukg
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil. N*C"+2
Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel ~olta\|
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Our journey was slow because the train stopped continually at different villages. +=5Dt7/|
continuously vs continually Cyw
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express {jOCz1J
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with. xp395ub6
deal with live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with a!1\,.
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correspond "Q:m0P
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This word in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. n]/7UH}(<&
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count Her opinion counts because of her experience. %|l^oC+E
Matter be of importance significant cG|ihG5)
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Don’t count on a salary increase this year. -Mb`I >=
believe depended count confide rely depend bank r@_`ob RW;
n\Z&sc
critical If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions. t7
rz]EN
Crucial urgent pressing decisive FK
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Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic ]j.?
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cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. p
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Remind relieve inform deprive rob break 2Uf}gG)
RCED
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It is not my custom to give in. r-#23iT.~
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature gDP\u<2!
TI{W(2O *
The damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair. T{1Z(M+
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress fqaysy
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish #GBe=tm\K
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decline Steel production has been on the decline in these countries. M<t>jM@'A#
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce 4%Q8>mEvT
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. mOj6
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She was deeply interested in classical music. $gsn@P>"
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree. Extent Las4ux[_
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deem They deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. 9/OB!<*V|
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/think over m2[q*k]AtS
A good mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. S$q:hXZ#e
Demand/require/call for \S(:O8_"68
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see her father. C'C'@?]
refuse decline rejects turn down )--v>*,V
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. kN9pl^2
The storms are dying down. xXl^\?HC
The noise of the car died away in the distance. K9co_n_L
The members of the family had all died off.
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This species has died out. V.PbAN
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Can you describe what he looks like? JF]HkH_u
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell pX
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They were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. kQXtO)
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious ,mH2S/<}S
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She was in his eyes a devoted mother. ~JY
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Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous C.
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The sewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. 4J*%$Vxv
Discharge/discard / cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / give away/ s
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throw away/cast off/get rid of T'2(sHk
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display We were amazed by the rich variety of commodities on display. 'S<ebwRd=
Her writings display natural talents. eX$P k:
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present g]O"l?xx1D
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. l= % v
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar i[)H!%RV*
Long sentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. y8jk9Tv
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct nb0V~W
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The light is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. qJ!&H
distinguish tell separate divide XPE{]4 g
He is one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. z>+@pj
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized bY7d
/prominent/important/superior e"P>b? OY
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In the dark I could only discern the outline of the building. C0;c'4(
Discern/see/make out/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold SUxz &xH
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diverse There are people from diverse cultures at the party. different various comprehensive MHJH@$|]
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He refused to disclose his name and address. <)+9PV<w
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray 2ku\R7
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They drew up the contract and presented it to the management. sEq_K#n{
The train drew in/into the station. pull 7*]O]6rP
draw pull drag push heave lift haul <7cm[
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing 1foy.3g-
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She drove her car into the forest. BXyg ?
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride
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Don’t discourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage pq$`T|6^
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keep from/try to stop mnswGvY
3
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The shoes are expensive but durable. cLn&b}8'
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong < I[ Vv'x
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It is your duty to go. +m kub}<a
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role @w|'ip5@
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort :r*skV|
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He is living an easy life now. comfortable Hy~kHBIL
]wCg'EUB
It is an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. ;@xSJqT
economic/economical/economy
P 0v&*y3Y
GF[onfQY7
He went to a very good elementary school. !2>MaV1,
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive ,;9byb
A7,TM&
Since 1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect. Kt5;GUV
The acid has no effect on the metal. ?v?b%hK!;
The new regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. X;/~d>@
A sentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. eCHT)35u
He is not likely to give effect to his threat. uBp"YX9rx
effect force power practice CqGi
2<2
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She encouraged him to take this examination. H0tjBnu
Encourage/support/back up/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire @*kQZRGK7
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end Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. .
Z 93S|q
I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. YmXh_bk
I've warned you no end of times not to touch that machine. {T EF#iF
I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end. Bo.< 4P
He had approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he was at his wit's end. wJ
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We ended the diner up with fruit and coffee. {akS
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When the reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. {
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The argument between the two men ended in a fight. h8# 14?
The government is determined to put an end to terrorism. 'a8{YT4
vhe[:`=a
He's entitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. 7mG/f
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower t.0F
DL$O274uZ
The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. \C<|yD
equip provide y>4r<YZQ
PL*Mz(&bf
They have the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive "'B
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My wife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. ,+LX.f&/8!
exert practice exercise impose avail 1<
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He is one of the greatest contemporary writers. ep|>z#1
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent tb#9TF
r1vF/yt(
He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young. live face come }2@Aj
ST'eJ5P7!5
Devotion is essential for work. w +pK=R
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable [WZGu6$SU
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent OPi><8x
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Nothing is everlasting. x}\_o< d
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/for good $@WqM$
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The bird extended its wings in flight. S}mZU!
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify |r|<cc#
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Her nose is a very attractive feature. nw.,`M,N
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark G&2UXr3
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Are you in favor of women taking part in politics? $_ &Lp\
In the favor HV*Dl$
The international situation is favorable to us. Advantageous )\xDo<@
q 4Rvr[
Panic swept through the swimmers as they caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. A(j9T,!
Tension Excitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot moop.}O<
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After Tom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. M/Twtq-`H
The children hid in the house and ate their fill. -a^%9 U
The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather. T6Oah:50EM
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders h vC gd^M
9Q*T'+V
There are fine distinctions between the two. /V>q(Q
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant WUN|,P`b
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Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes across to American audience. f+WN=-F\
Understand comprehend catch on get fV>
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He gave a gift for my birthday. 3RbPc8($Y
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/deal out NKy Ksu
/hand out/turn in N(7UlS,u'
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He had a good house, a good wife and a good job. +N3f{-{"Yo
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent _Hp[}sv4)
GW;\3@o
They grouped together in fours. 0]~'}
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate l(B(gPvU
3$~oQC
When he was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what was happening around him. Hang loaf loiter SNUq
n2p(@
hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across G+SMH`h
Her new film is quite a hit. success ^U8^P]{R|
The rent increase will hit the pockets of the poor. Affect ?D,8lABkT
xNAa,aMM
hold She held back, not knowing how to break the terrible news. 3~ptD5@WF
I think he is holding something back; he knows more that he admits. U;qGUqI
She always holds to her convictions. G.B~n>}JU,
The forthcoming talks hold out the hope of real arms reduction. YD@n8?~$$
Road works on the highway are holding up traffic. X$0&tmum
There was something wrong with the traffic signal. Our bus was ______ for nearly half an hour. vIQu"J&fE
A. held on B. held back C. held out D. held up <l`xP)] X
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identical This copy is identical with/to the ones you bought last week. the same as A?;KfVq
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If only I were rich! nvOJY6)$V
Only if I am rich, I can do what I want. I$Ra*r
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Immoral vs amoral ?]/"AWUX
He deserted his family and was called an immoral person by his neighbors. ~/R bYvyA
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It was he that initiated this project. 1R"?X'w
Initiate/launch/start/begin/pioneer/found/lead/head/break the ice @ r G=>??k
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Incentive The fun of playing the game was a greater incentive than the prize. 9J(jbJ7p
(excitement initiative motive entertainment) i!7|YAu
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We are in for trouble. EL gq#z
He know the ins and outs of the problem. .DN)ck:e;
Privatization is thought to be beneficial in that it promotes competition. )W
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A good teacher should be impartial to his students. Sf"]enwB
Impartial/impersonal/unbiased/neutral/disinterested/just/fairdetatched unconcerned indifferent 2(s-8E:
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This car is inferior to the one I bought last year. Cj3C%W
inferior superior senior junior similar prior s F!nSr
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The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen insight into human nature. fKQq]&~
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intellect insight perception understanding comprehension wisdom intuition 12y+g5b
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No doubt, a trade mark pertains to a firm’s intangible assets. dHJ#xmE!pP
intangible invisible ])D39
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interfere /intervene If you interfere in /with other people's affairs, you will regret it. k:sFI @g
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He testified in court that he had seen the prisoner run out of the bank after it had been robbed. ,5J}Wo?Q}
testified witnessed justified identified notify specify P8\bi"iiN
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keep I can't understand you keeping a thing like that to yourself. )DwHLaLW
Please keep to the point --- we are running out of time. I]vCra
I can’t keep up with all the changes in computer science. FAbl5VW'
If you want to fulfill your dream, you have to keep ______it. (to / up on) Bq*aP*jv
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They did not only lack water, they also lacked in courage. BELxaV,
Want/be in need/ fall short
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large The dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. OHyBNJ
By and large, the company has been good to me. ]^c]* O[8
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This is law and you can’t change as you wish. R\^XF8n6/
Rule/principle/stamdard/formula/act/decree/regulation/legislation/lawmaking/resolution/statute p"k[ac{
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She saw a notice “ apartment to let”. X$(Dem
Let/rent/lease/charter/contract/agreement Yj/[I\I"m
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She is the one that laid out the town. N "Mw1R4
He was laid off for his ill performance. lk`,s
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liable likely probable liable responsible accountable answerable Vb$4'K'
People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars. R!2oj_
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She liked the black dress and bought it although it was very expensive. /hksESiU
Like/prefer/fancy/take to/enjoy/care for/be fond of Pt^SlX^MM
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The football match was televised live from the workers’ stadium. TeXt'G=M
alive live life lively living lovely Eu)(@,]we
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I am not sure of the exact location of the café. @?E|]H!S]
Location/position/place/area/zone/territory/district/section/neighborhood/spot/site/situation RwyRPc_
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Recent research has shed/cast/thrown new light on the causes of the disease. #BLmT-cl
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The mansion was splendid. &w
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Splendid/magnificent/grand/majestic/superb/exquisite/marvelous/wonderful 66 @#V
/glorious/imposing/impressive/brilliant/phenomenal/exceptional/remarkable/miraculous 9f U,_`r
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I can’t make out what she wants. ]sL)[o
The ship made for the open sea. 5@&{%99
What are we to make of his behavior? H68~5lJY^]
Nothing can make up for the loss of a life. &upM,Jsr*
He has made it up with her. *47',Qy
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A frequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda. 1
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mood I am not in the ______ for joking. sentiment emotion mood feeling sentimentality sensation sense sensitivity #|R#/Yc@Bv
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nerve My children are always getting on my nerves. _`- trE.
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