2009博士生考试基础词汇汇总 ( q}{;
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Abandon The match was abandoned because of bad weather. [oG
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ban abolish abort cancel cross out wipe out put off delay ~u-_DOA
desert/forsake/ leave / cease / depart / discard / relinquish / surrender /quit/ withdraw /give up auHP^O>4L
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abide We have to abide by the rules of the game. (abide observe discover adapt) "Tnmn@
Her fame will abide for sure. Last/endure/ continue/persist/remain/stay ffG1QvC|M
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You have to keep ______ with the times. g:2\S=
Abreast/up catch up with go along with fit in with 6F; |x
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absorb He was absorbed in a book and didn't hear you call. O2S{*D={
engage/occupy/bend over/involve/be busy with xG:7AGZ$[
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Abundant/rich The rivers and forests of the New World were abundant in fish and game EfqC_,J*3
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access In many schools, students don't have sufficient access to the library. MZS/o3
Way/approach/solution/answer/ Xp~O?2:3l
Accessible/available/handy/ready/convenient/obtainable/at hand )NnkoCNeE
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His words are never in _____ with his deeds. (situation accordance according fit) /vAA]n8
I'm in agreement with Mr. Moore. in agreement with/ be compatible with /comply with /conform to/be in proportion to q(Zu;ecBN
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account He asked no one's advice; he did it on his own (account).independently X!K:V~WG
You have to take everything into account/consideration. Attention/regard/respect/mind I 8 Ls_$[
Give us an account of what happened. Story/reason/information/description/tale/statement ZmZ7E]c
He has been asked to account for his absence. ( describe tell relate answer for say explain explicate) [cT7Iqip
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acquire to acquire a good knowledge of English. Attain/obtain/gain/earn/secure 9iN}v
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active He is very active in politics. c:,K{ZR
Energetic/spirited/lively/dynamic/excited/enthusiastic w"OeS;#e:
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adapt To our delight, she quickly adapted (herself) to the situation. ]lA.?
Adjust/accommodate/alter/vary/arrange/modify/make fit rQ&F Gb
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accustom She is ______to living in comfort. (accustomed/used addict be familiar with) %J:2y
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admit It will take you half an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays. *7K)J8kq
(allow/admit/accept/permit/receive/confess/ acknowledge/adopt) aKw7m={
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adequate Their earnings are barely adequate to their needs. :{x
enough/sufficient/satisfactory/plenty/ample T@j@IEGH
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advantage The great advantage we have over them is that they are short of money. q[TW
Benefit/gain/upper hand interest/profit/harvest/crop/earnings/returns qrY]tb^K
OB\j
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Aim His aim is to win the game. tkf^sGgNO
Purpose/intention/goal/end/target/objective/motive/destination p"o_0{8
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Amass He amassed a great fortune in twenty years. sU;aA0kz
Accumulate/assemble/gather/increase/collect/compile/heap up/store up lU% L
Mass/bulk/quantity/load/amount/volume/accumulation/pile/heap/crowd/multitude/pack/gang q|kkdK|N/Y
Figure/digit/measure K6e_RzP,.w
ambitious These young men were ambitious for success and money. +{@hD+
Eager for/longing for/ hopeful for/wish for/crave for/be set on/be bent on/be intent upon Nx<%'-9)|
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amount His debt now amounts to 1,000 pounds. hV[=
Add up to/approximate/total/sum up o;7_*=i
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The future of her marriage is supposed to be decided by the amount of money. k
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sum/measure/quantity/price/value p
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angle Try looking at this affair from a different angle. aspect <hmRr
/view/point of view/opinion/belief/attitude/impression/notion/ idea/thought/conception/judgment F;<cG`|Rx
theory/outlook bs\7 juHt
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announce He had to announce the death of Johnson before the board. 4: S-
Proclaim/broadcast/report/state/declare/notify/tell/make known VXIB9
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anticipate A good general can anticipate what the enemy will do. ul[+vpH9
expect/ look forward to/await/foresee/hope for LM?UV)
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anything The hotel is anything but satisfactory. Not at all `
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The apparent things might not tell of the truth. A]q"+Z]
apparent obvious seeming evident clear plain !%Qm{R
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apart Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking. w}
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Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. pZO`18z
Except for / other than /but / but for / besides/moreover/also/too/as well/in addition =RH7 j
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He was appointed member of the committee. G
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Name/elect/nominate/choose/assign/vote for 89X`U)Ws
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appeal I appeal to him for help. implore/plead/beg 8^ezqd`
xix:=
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apply Please apply to the secretary for further information. @O
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The rules of safe driving apply to everyone. 1.y|bB+kB
:{ Q[kYj
approve Many people don't approve of the plan. disapprove >)p8^jX
like/prefer/endorse/accept/think well of T`gR&n<D
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arise The company's losses this year arise almost entirely from the new taxes. Uel^rfE`
Rise raise rouse arouse arise N56/\1R
Originate/ derive/stem/ flow/come/emerge/appear/show up/turn up fNTe_akp
sAec*Q(R
artificial/artistic Her painting is a great artistic creation. SWrP0Qjc
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ashamed /shameful embarrassed/embarrassing frustrated/frustrating humiliated/humiliating rS^+y{7
Ashamed of having acted so rashly, David apologized to Amy for having accused him. HE0@`(mCpa
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acquaint I'm sure Betsy is the girl whom you will be glad to get acquainted with. 0k\BE\PQk
associate/link / touch / join / unite / combine / connect /go with / run with /mingle with / relate 8)
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I assume that success is a sum of mistakes. 6o4Bf| E]
Assume think suppose presume suspect understand take for granted y-i6StJ
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assure I can assure you of my support. >azTAX6L3
confirm assure ensure insure convince guarantee pledge promise u|}p3-z|Y
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You’ve got to attain the mastery of at least on foreign language. ub,GF?9
Attain gain accomplish finish fulfill realize complete [@LA<Z_
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attribute Jim attributes his success to hard work. owe ascribe >/5'0n_R
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avoid You should avoid driving in the center of the town during the rush hour. `C +>PCO
Avoid shun escape evade keep away from B{ptP4As-
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The government has banned the used of chemical weapons. ?7]UbtW[
Bar prohibit exclude forbid shut out block obstruct @P@j9yR
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bargain The dress is quite a bargain. bargain sale #5b}"xK{
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basis On the basis of our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year. z:7
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China has been following the foreign policy to develop relations with other countries on the basis of the five principles of peaceful co-existence. 9\J.AAk~/
ground foundation k=D}i\F8
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Scientists say it may be five or ten years before it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. (n+FEE<
As soon as before the second the minute the moment jM%8h$&E
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You can’t blame all this on me. z
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He is the last one to blame for the accident. bnYd19>
Charge/accuse/indict/censure/criticize/condemn a58]#L~
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board He paid 40 pounds for board and lodging. food /meals WnkI i,<
board/ committee/ staff/ faculty/ crew/ team $[1J[eY*
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boast You should not boast of your success. Brag show off IB%Hv]
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boom Production boomed. &RL
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Progress/increase/advance/thrive/gain/speed up/grow/swell/flourish/develop/prosper Gj ka %
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brief It is a long letter, but in brief, he says "No". short PC55A1(T
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We are bound for London. Head make u`~,`z^{n
The weather is bound to get better tomorrow. Likely going to 3:ELYn
There are no bounds to his ambition. Limit confine restriction 2Cgq&\wS
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call This situation¬¬¬¬_____________ for prompt action. (calls in calls at calls on calls for) <]wQ;14;H
They have called off their engagement. z5q(
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She was calm when I told her of the terrible news. <<~swN
Quiet/still/tranquil/serene/peaceful trm-&e7q?;
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We should not doubt his capability. +
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Capability/ability/skill/power/talent/capacity/competency/efficiency -*AUCns#
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Before you decide on a vocation, it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends. kB3@;z:
Career job vocation trade calling work profession occupation |:)ARH6l#
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There is no reason why we should not carry on with it. wG}R
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Carry on go on keep on continue work on be under way be in process Q)L6+gW^
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case In any case I shall return in a day or two. If even if for fear on condition ['JIMcD
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center She centered her attention on the problem. ,f)#&}x*2+
Focus concentrate fix CEEAyip-c
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charge The charge against him was severe. 7L !$hk
Sentence/ accusation/ persecution/ guilt/trial/ condemnation/indict /judgment 07
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Since the situation is changing, let’s take some _____ measures to deal with it. >`o;hTS
flexible changeable changing klxNGxWAX
Gz kvj:(V
If I had the choice, I would retire at thirty. 45U!\mG
Selection/preference/option/alternative N
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No one came to claim for the horse, so the farmer decided to sell it. L yNLz
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cling She clung to the hope that he was still alive. HMl
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Stick adhere hold grasp =l+~}/7'Z
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close The ceremony was brought to a close by the singing of the national anthem. ..;ep2jSs
Listen closely and look closely, you’ll find it out. Ee097A?1vj
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A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity. Kw87 0n<
Tip information news wind message clue evidence sign proof key 2f0qfF
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combine Hydrogen combines with Oxygen to form water. :)DvZx HE@
blend mix mingle fuse unite couple join ~
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comment I'm afraid I can't comment on your work just yet. Remark EPd
criticism judgment decision evaluation criterion standard remark fX{Xw0
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commit I cannot commit myself to any further expense; my means are stretched to the utmost as it is. Devote dedicate l9vJ]
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Compare this with that, and you will see which is the better. Contrast ?L+|b5RS
Poets have compared sleep to death. \fSo9$
She is lovely beyond compare. %6cbHH
comparison This one costs more but is really cheaper by comparison. O6$n VpD3
I have done little this year in comparison with what I did last year. w"
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Comparable/comparative
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compel We cannot compel you to do it, but we think you should. 9" cyZO
Force oblige urge require drive press work hard on push prompt 3"LT ''
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He has formed a good habit. ;YYnIb(
Form/create/shape/develop/mold/compose/construct/design/devise/frame/arrange/build rj/1AK
Assemble/manufacture/produce f[Xsri
`i)Pf WdBN
Next year, Susan has to take three compulsory courses. Required Mk8k,"RG&Z
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compose The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents. {Lugdf'
Consist of/ be made up of / contain / include/hold/cover/comprise NS)
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comprehensive /Comprehensible to(lE2`.da
She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject. [E)&dl_k
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conscious She was not conscious of his presence in the room. Aware SS!b`
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Considerate/considerable It was very considerate of you to send me a Christmas card. Wn&9R
j
Considerate/thoughtful/kind/sympathetic FZtT2Z4
&i
Considerable/much/important/great/significant/powerful S~U5xM^s
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contend I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil.
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Argue/struggle/fight/quarrel : eFyd`Syw
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Our journey was slow because the train stopped continually at different villages. py$i{v%
continuously vs continually >OKc\m2%Q
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convey Words cannot convey how delighted I am. express MUUhg
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cope Poor Mary! She has so much to cope with.
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deal with live with be put up with tolerate endure bear stand be fed up with Lw`}o` D
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correspond #r QT)n
This word in the English version corresponds to that phrase in the French one. F]cc?r312
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count Her opinion counts because of her experience. rges`&0
Matter be of importance significant A>6_h1
et<@3wyd]
Don’t count on a salary increase this year. irMBd8WG
believe depended count confide rely depend bank 5hfx2O)
f!G%$?]
critical If you really understood the difficulties facing the government, you wouldn't be so critical of its spending reductions. p1s|JI
Crucial urgent pressing decisive |#EI(W?`
Ironic faultfinding picky fastidious sarcastic U["IXR#
-Fc 9mv(H
cure This medicine should cure you of your cold. 06I(01M1
Remind relieve inform deprive rob break u zL|yxt
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It is not my custom to give in. !J(6E:,b#
Custom habit use practice manner way pattern tendency fashion routine nature AjINO}b
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The damage to the house caused by the storm took several days to repair. ).jna`A,
destruction damage harm ruin injury bruise impact spoil wrong pain agony distress w[J.?v&^
grieve hurt impair abuse plague epidemic debris/trash/junk/rubbish rLcXo%w
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decline Steel production has been on the decline in these countries. be'&tsZ9
Diminish decrease fall drop dip sink reduce 8xHjdQr
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deep They dived deep into the ocean. F8B:P7I
She was deeply interested in classical music. Jo9c|\4
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degree She has also affected but to a lesser degree. Extent 9\i^.2&
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deem They deemed him innocent but failed to understand why he was lying. o+?Ko=vYw
Think/believe/consider/judge/assume/suppose/regard/ponder/contemplate/study/reflect/think over >k(AQW5?
A good mastery of English demands patience and enthusiasm. )==Qo/N :
Demand/require/call for
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deny They denied her the opportunity to see her father. nG"Ae8r
refuse decline rejects turn down F=yE>[! LB
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die She died of an illness; and he died a beggar. 2^&5D,}0
The storms are dying down. < !]7Gt
The noise of the car died away in the distance. ;sd] IZ$#
The members of the family had all died off. 'deqF|Iox
This species has died out. {1W,-%
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Can you describe what he looks like? Zy >W2(<
Describe/portray/illustrate/picture/characterize/represent/define/tell =eG:Scoug?
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They were determined that he make a big fortune in his forties. =JB1 ]b{|
Convinced/firm/sure/certain/resolute/serious S;S_<GX
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She was in his eyes a devoted mother. Xr pnc7
Devoted/earnest/hearty/sincere/serious/zealous jVdB- y/r
The sewers discharge (their contents) into the sea. Mhg_z.Z
Discharge/discard / cast way / do away with / dispose of / abandon / forsake / desert / give away/ WG3 .qLH%
throw away/cast off/get rid of Q?W}]RW
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display We were amazed by the rich variety of commodities on display. !u|s|6{\
Her writings display natural talents. %ck/ Z
Exhibit show indicate specify illustrate demonstrate expose present 8BwJWxBQ
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distinct Mice are distinct form rats. F#XzhDs
Different/unlike/varied/opposite/contrary/reverse/dissimilar XxE>KeP
Long sentences are distinctive of Henry James’s later style. +W9#^
Characteristic explicit definite candid unmistakable expressive direct P[C03a!lXg
Fs)m;C
The light is so dim that I cannot distinguish one object from another. 7 {#^zr
distinguish tell separate divide
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He is one of the most distinguished scholars in this field. yTL<S '
Distinguished/outstanding/famous/well-known/noted/popular/celebrated/honored/recognized Ndr4e?Xa,
/prominent/important/superior :i:M7 }r
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In the dark I could only discern the outline of the building. 6,;7iA]
Discern/see/make out/observe/perceive/recognize/know/understand/detect/spot/spy/behold xi
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4I^8f||b_
diverse There are people from diverse cultures at the party. different various comprehensive ON<X1e
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He refused to disclose his name and address. <rpXhcR
Disclose/uncover/reveal/show/expose/betray :=K <2
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They drew up the contract and presented it to the management. q
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The train drew in/into the station. pull
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draw pull drag push heave lift haul -<tfbaA
draw crawl creep linger on drag near be oncoming/ongoing d]6#pSE
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She drove her car into the forest. 9xm' 0 '
Drive/steer/direct/conduct/handle/manage/run/work/operate/ride &p2fMVWJ7
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Don’t discourage her; she is doing her best. Vs encourage u9}k^W)E
Discourage/prevent/hinder/disapprove/keep from/try to stop %>G(2)Fb\\
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The shoes are expensive but durable. CAl]Kpc
Durable/long-lasting/enduring/permanent/endless/solid/strong 4D-4BxN*
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It is your duty to go. .\X;VWTI
Duty/work/job/chore/assignment/charge/function/obligation/responsibility/office/role :"oQ _bLT
Business/job/vocation/occupation/task/assignment/position/labor/industry/employment/effort (;@\gRL
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He is living an easy life now. comfortable Cg!]x
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It is an economy to buy good shoes: they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. =7U_ jDME
economic/economical/economy )Q%hd |R
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He went to a very good elementary school. g}B|ZRz+{
Elementary/fundamental/basic/primary/essential/simple/beginning/introductory/initial/primitive 0ThX1)SH
2-<i#nA3
Since 1975 the forty hour work week has been in effect.
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The acid has no effect on the metal. dk^Uf84.Gr
The new regulation does not go into effect until the first of March. VkNg Vjg
A sentence of ten years' imprisonment on a person of eighty is in effect a life sentence. [0(+E2/:2
He is not likely to give effect to his threat. M;{btu^a
effect force power practice cN5,\I.
d/k70Ybk
She encouraged him to take this examination. bH-QF\>
Encourage/support/back up/urge/promote/sponsor/cheer/inspire .ZB(!v/2
cBO.96ZHE
end Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. J\BTrN 7
I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. _7h:NLd
I've warned you no end of times not to touch that machine. [=})^t?8
I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end. KkIxtFM
He had approached every friend and acquaintance for help in vain, and now he was at his wit's end. ,-11w7y\
We ended the diner up with fruit and coffee. #^+C
kHX
When the reception came to an end, they were reluctant to leave the hall. 4pin\ZS:C
The argument between the two men ended in a fight. x.+ r.cAXH
The government is determined to put an end to terrorism. [O"9OW'2!B
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He's entitled to a pension, but he won't dream of retiring yet. (Q_J{[F
entitle qualify authorize enable sanction empower M x/G^yO9
rjFIK`_w
The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons. B# >7;xy>
equip provide vn]e`O>y
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They have the exclusive right to do the advertisements for this company. inclusive x6i7x"
!CBvFl/v
My wife has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job. H2ZRUFu
exert practice exercise impose avail lUL6L4m
N)kZ2|oD
He is one of the greatest contemporary writers. k10g %K4g
Existing living contemporary lately—later---late---latter current recent FO"sE`
-`I&hzl6E
He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young. live face come CAbeb+O
X
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Devotion is essential for work. rZij[6]Y^
Necessary/vital/fundamental/required/crucial/critical/important/fatal/indispensable ;?{N=x8
Compulsory/obligatory/imperative/urgent DOsQVdH
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Nothing is everlasting. ;JD
/4:
Forever/endless/perpetual/eternal/permanent/constant/infinite/continual/for good c %jW'
q':P9o*N?
The bird extended its wings in flight. z]twh&^1L
Stretch/lengthen/increase/expand/broaden/spread/enlarge/magnify + a,x
R0WI s:k2
Her nose is a very attractive feature. Izapx\GK9
Feature/looks/appearance/characteristic/trait/mark Knjg`f
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Are you in favor of women taking part in politics? ![ce=9@t<
In the favor 38gHM9T
xh
The international situation is favorable to us. Advantageous f4[Bj{F
RT~6 #Caf
Panic swept through the swimmers as they caught sight of a huge shark approaching menacingly. &gr)U3w
Tension Excitement Fear Nervousness fuss ado chaos confusion turmoil riot ?a]1$>r
s|O4>LsG
After Tom passed his driving test he filled in/out an application for his driving license. L'@@ewA
The children hid in the house and ate their fill. J ;|i6q q
The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather. -s!cZ3
wavers vibrates swings fluctuates hesitates quakes trembles shudders (QFu``ae+
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There are fine distinctions between the two. y.6Yl**l
fine/minute/delicate/detailed/small/tiny/slight/insignificant p(8[n^~,i
t*Xo@
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Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes across to American audience. rQ:+LVfXjA
Understand comprehend catch on get dBG5IOD
's>./Pf
He gave a gift for my birthday. Yo^9Y@WDW
Give/present/offer/bestow/donate/grant/contribute/award/provide/supply/deliver/deal out B']}n`g
/hand out/turn in 0+m4
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He had a good house, a good wife and a good job. {*NM~yQ
Good/desirable/right/appropriate/suitable/becoming/satisfying/decent #FwTV@
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They grouped together in fours. O,Sqh$6U
Arrange/assemble/organize/classify/sort/collect/grade/rank/value/evaluate/catorgerize/estimate &~MM\,KML
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When he was young, he always _______ around and did not care about what was happening around him. Hang loaf loiter )N}.n2Y8W
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hit She hit on a good title for her new novel. Come across EA
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Her new film is quite a hit. success &