2010年考博英语预测

2010年很可能考到的相关的材料：猪流感。因为猪流感对世界及人类的影响，看最近的报道也知道是多么大了。所以可能关于猪流感的材料都有可能放在听力短文、阅读理解、完型填空及作文里当题材考，下面给大家提供关于猪流感的一些英文材料： |+JC'b?,  
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首先，什么是猪流感？ O%aHQL%Sz  
What is the swine flu? 9
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The swine influenza A (H1N1) virus that has infected humans in the U.S. and Mexico is a novel influenza A virus that has not previously been identified in North America. This virus is resistant to the antiviral medications amantadine (Symmetrel) and rimantadine (Flumadine), but is sensitive to oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza). Investigations of these cases suggest that on-going human-to-human swine influenza A (H1N1) virus is occurring. <(xro/  
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猪流感会出现哪些症状？ SLH;iqPT  
What are the symptoms of swine flu? ttt4h  
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Although uncomplicated influenza-like illness (fever, cough or sore throat) has been reported in many cases, mild respiratory illness (nasal congestion, rhinorrhea) without fever and occasional severe disease also has been reported. Other symptoms reported with swine influenza A virus infection include vomiting, diarrhea, myalgia, headache, chills, fatigue, and dyspnea. Conjunctivitis is rare, but has been reported. Severe disease (pneumonia, respiratory failure) and fatal outcomes have been reported with swine influenza A virus infection. The potential for exacerbation of underlying chronic medical conditions or invasive bacterial infection with swine influenza A virus infection should be considered. `D$RL*C;M`  
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临时建议书（卫生计划方针） /YvwQ  
Interim Recommendations（Health Planning Guidelines） Qw"%Xk  
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For clinical care or collection of respiratory specimens from a symptomatic individual (acute respiratory symptoms with or without fever) who is a confirmed case, or a suspected case (ill close contact of a confirmed case) of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection: %WX^']p  
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感染期 N] pw7S%  
Infectious Period axK/YE7t  
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Persons with swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection should be considered potentially contagious for up to 7 days following illness onset. Persons who continue to be ill longer than 7 days after illness onset should be considered potentially contagious until symptoms have resolved. Children, especially younger children, might potentially be contagious for longer periods. The duration of infectiousness might vary by swine influenza A (H1N1) virus strain. Non-hospitalized ill persons who are a confirmed or suspected case of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection are recommended to stay at home (voluntary isolation) for at least the first 7 days after illness onset except to seek medical care. V
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感染病例的定义 I SdB5Va  
Case definitions LW9
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A confirmed case of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection is defined as a person with an acute respiratory illness with laboratory confirmed swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection at CDC by one or more of the following tests: kj
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real-time RT-PCR .&8a ;Q?c  
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viral culture gr# |ZK.`  
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four-fold rise in swine influenza A (H1N1) virus-specific neutralizing antibodies IABF_GwF  
A suspected case of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection is defined as a person with acute febrile respiratory illness with onset within 7 days of close contact with a person who is a confirmed case of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. sk3AwG;A  
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Close contact is defined as: within about 6 feet of an ill person who is a confirmed or suspected case of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. Z.s0ddMs  
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Close contact is defined as: within about 6 feet of an ill person who is a confirmed case of swine influenza A virus infection 0\!v{A> I'  
Acute respiratory illness is defined as recent onset of at least two of the following: rhinorrhea or nasal congestion, sore throat, cough (with or without fever or feverishness)

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Recommendations for public health personnel Vjd>j; H  
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For interviews of healthy individuals (i.e. without a current respiratory illness), including close contacts of cases of confirmed swine influenza virus infection, no personal protective equipment or antiviral chemoprophylaxis is needed. See section on antiviral chemoprophylaxis for further guidance. n9-WZsc1  
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For interviews of an ill, suspected or confirmed swine influenza A virus case, the following is recommended: 2^f7GP  
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Keep a distance of at least 6 feet from the ill person; or Iv*u#]{t  
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Personal protective equipment: fit-tested N95 respirator [if unavailable, wear a medical (surgical mask)]. Lu5X~6j"$  
For collecting respiratory specimens from an ill confirmed or suspected swine influenza A virus case, the following is recommended: ~qK/w0=j  
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Personal protective equipment: fit-tested disposable N95 respirator [if unavailable, wear a medical (surgical mask)], disposable gloves, gown, and goggles. |IS$Om  
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When completed, place all PPE in a biohazard bag for appropriate disposal. S0}=uL#dt  
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Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water or alcohol-based hand gel.

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Infection Control Q|e-)FS)  
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Recommended Infection Control for a non-hospitalized patient (ER, clinic or home visit): ),|z4~  
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Separation from others in single room if available until asymptomatic. If the ill person needs to move to another part of the house, they should wear a mask. The ill person should be encouraged to wash hand frequently and follow respiratory hygiene practices. Cups and other utensils used by the ill person should be thoroughly washed with soap and water before use by other persons.

抗病毒的治疗 kX8NRP
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Antiviral Treatment Ez-Q'v(9  
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Suspected Cases（疑似病例） 3!vzkBr  
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Empiric antiviral treatment is recommended for any ill person suspected to have swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. Antiviral treatment with either zanamivir alone or with a combination of oseltamivir and either amantadine or rimantadine should be initiated as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms. Recommended duration of treatment is five days. Recommendations for use of antivirals may change as data on antiviral susceptibilities become available. Antiviral doses and schedules recommended for treatment of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection are the same as those recommended for seasonal influenza: v+8Ybq  
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Confirmed Cases（确诊病例）  ?r@^9  
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For antiviral treatment of a confirmed case of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection, either oseltamivir (Tamiflu) or zanamivir (Relenza) may be administered. Recommended duration of treatment is five days. These same antivirals should be considered for treatment of cases that test positive for influenza A but test negative for seasonal influenza viruses H3 and H1 by PCR. Z#bO}!  
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Pregnant Women（对于孕妇） w( _42)v]g  
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Oseltamivir, zanamivir, amantadine, and rimantadine are all "Pregnancy Category C" medications, indicating that no clinical studies have been conducted to assess the safety of these medications for pregnant women. Only two cases of amantadine use for severe influenza illness during the third trimester have been reported. However, both amantadine and rimantadine have been demonstrated in animal studies to be teratogenic and embryotoxic when administered at substantially high doses. Because of the unknown effects of influenza antiviral drugs on pregnant women and their fetuses, these four drugs should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the embryo or fetus; the manufacturers' package inserts should be consulted. However, no adverse effects have been reported among women who received oseltamivir or zanamivir during pregnancy or among infants born to such women.

不错，有创意

引用

引用第4楼sming15于2009-05-19 20:59发表的“”: va'F '|  
不错，有创意

有创意,不错很好

很有创意，好啊

不错，实事啊

谢谢