医学博士英语写作总结 ]SA Gh|+xl
l,6' S8=
一、原则与要求：不直译原文，抓主要论点，果断舍弃次要内容，突出新点，论点清晰,主要写中长句子！！2－5个长句！不写或少写短句！！一般真题范例在10－15句左右。 HVdB*QEH
19 4n
二、现场写作技巧 `z`=!1
Es- =0gpK
①划线，划出实质性，实词性句子。②翻译标题，有标题就译，没有标题不能加。③末尾重复标题，首尾呼应。 @Gw.U>"!C
Ng1bjq}E2
精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇 XqU0AbQ
.+mP#<mAg
1.下降、减少 reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go / come down，fall；上升、增加rise; go up; ascend；increase; e
x#-,;T
l9]nrT1Hy
2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety;
n!sOKw
&1Y7Ne
3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to; 2c51kG77E
gil:SUW1r
4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being; vT MCZ+^g
3kh!dL3D
5.城乡卫生体系urban-rural medical and health system fu
{v(^
V
e qB/Q X
6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care，服务体系service system； ~c5 5LlO>
\Una wv~
7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene；个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene m^zD']
,gW$m~\
8.lite清淡的；protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食； A6+ qS
[
I %sw(uoE
9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施 T
*S) U ;
?9 W2ax-4
10.人畜共患病zoonosis＝anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病， WZjR^ 6
Pqj\vdzx
11.虫媒insect pollination；虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease： :?}> Q
C?MKb D=K
12.肾病综合征：nephrotic/renal syndrome； CKSs(-hkJ
*y(UI/c
13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热； cp"{W-Q{$
VZe' 6?#
14.爆发流行：break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion )Jw$&%/{1
nv(6NV
15.传染：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable； &_s^ C?x
*v: .]_;
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的; dtj b(*x
D51s)?
communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的 dj4a)p|YN
Ef@)y&hn
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind；person to person transmission Ji1# >;&
+QOK]NJN
17.传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagation @7;}6,)
&os:h]
C
18.污染pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate c >T)Rc
\4
+HNy3
19.福祉 well-being, happiness； &T ^bv*P
'|*e4n
20.衰老grow old；aging；consenescence；senility；senile g $^Yv4
h0A%K L
21.from bad to worse每况愈下；akin to=similar to 相似的；Purulent脓的,化脓的 -G '3&L4
D
d DAl n+
22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension )T&r770
;!7M<T$&
23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon；亚健康 sub-health eL V [U
(yeWArQ
24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork f]C^{Uk#
T-x9IoE
25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years gNkBHwv
h&!$ `)
26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health
ttt4h
YUyYVi7clq
27.分类 be divided into＝fall into three categories＝be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.＝be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds. H|MAbx
7
Cy)QS{YX
28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary duties/responsibilities/obligations； jfam/LL{V
(.wR!l# !
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule, basic rule or principle; _?K,Jc8j.
Id >I.e4
29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。 N|
P?!G-=
MOi1+`kwh
30.民众the (general) public，the masses of the people，the common people；合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent; myd:"u,}9
ZXIz.GFy+
31.死亡人数death toll，deaths，the number of people killed in/dying from uU-1;m#N?
I S dB5Va
The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. LW9F%?e!>
MlW*Tugg
There have been more deaths from drowning. 8_O?#JYi
1F+JyZK}w
How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少？ glBS|b$\:
:o
iHf:
32.归结为 boil down to；come down to； U8,pe;/ln`
Q|U
[|U
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute… to、owe…to; 6*
0vUy*"
wLvM< p7OX
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame…on、ascribe or attribute… to、impute… to。 :YLurng/]
NK:! U
33.大规模on a large scale，extensive，large-scale，massive；大规模流行 large-scale transmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak +c__U
Qx
\Xr*1DI<
34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; .kgt? r
"M^mJl&*b
因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; tX,x% (
<\P
`<
孤立现象an isolated phenomenon； >&^jKfY
e_cK#9+
复杂的complicated，complex，sophisticated，intricate； vTIRydg2b
s%RG_"l
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。 POX{ ;[SV
wt
i
35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances； ,R-aO= %
x@[6u
养老保险 endowment insurance； /!`xqG#
432]yhQ
退休养老金retirement pension； < Pi#-r.,
yM,Y8^
Health Care Reform医疗改革 Dv&K3^~Rfb
1xSG
( !
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise；vigorous activity； % iZM9Q&NC
TO G:N~
37.月经期menstrual period 3Vak
C
IFhS(3 YK[
38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace yhs:.h
h Vu i.]
39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care xn,9Wj-
e*U6^Xex
40.安乐死euthanasia； %.onO0})
''3I0X*!
41.得绝症的terminally ill； l,zhBnD
$g/h=w@
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care LWhP d\
R z[3cN)?q
濒临死亡的病人：dying patients，terminally ill patients，incurable patient -:OJX #j
G8!|Lo
43.Secondhand Smoking ，also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”. ./L)BLC i
(OA4H1DL^
&HtTh {
8m=O408Q
