考博英语写作绝招:各部分万能套用公式 e 2&i
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开头万能公式: ?
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1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言 {x$#5PW
有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编! /v<8x?=
原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? uvd>
经典句型: k}7)pJNj
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) mSp7H!
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. iIRigW
(适用于自编名言) bm|8Jbsb&
更多经典句型: %gB0D8,vo
As everyone knows, No one can deny that… $^GnY7$!>
2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计 <FLc0s
原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。 9a,CiH%@
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型: AX?6Q4Gq1
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college gDIB'Y
students wanted to further their study after their graduation. >eI(M $
看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: ,]'!2?
Honesty Cl=ExpX/O
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 bBL"F!.
Travel by Bike ObnB6ShKi
根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 -JkO[IF
Youth ^h
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根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 C\K--
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work? H|?`n
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根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 dDn:^)
更多句型: >Li?@+Zl
A recent statistics shows that …
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结尾万能公式: [)?3Dp|MH
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1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论 Qw+">
说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子: pe-d7Ou
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Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good ~heF0C
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manners arise from politeness and respect for others. z~al
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如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! g*uO
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更多过渡短语: QO%K`}Q}
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 7+bzCDKU
更多句型: ?CC6/bE-{
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that… PE>_;k-@k
2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议 *W
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如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽! lHU$A;
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve qJsEKuOs
the problem. Syb:i(Y
这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? z&8#1'
更多句型:
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Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken. e0P1FD<@
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be $A,=z
taken. $uqlJG#`
写作的“七项基本原则”:一、 长 短 句原则 (~#9KA1A}
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工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题: B.o
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As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is sgX~4W"J
to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to 20qT1!ju
satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite !PgYn
similar. `'/8ifKz
如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
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强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、 5R4 dN=L*1
主 题 句原则 8447hb?
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国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! $_y"P
特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的! a?;{0I:Ln
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully ^%nAx| 4xQ
prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, o]vd xkU]
you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、 ;tHF$1!J
一 二 三原则 B\Uj
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点… rO C~U85
如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 [W2k#-%G
1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) ;3w W)gL1
2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) oyUf/Sl
3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗) 0P|WoCX
4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, A9"ho}<
lastly(不推荐,原因:俗) uB%`Bx'OW
5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) G
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6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) `18G
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7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) _^KD&t%!+y
8)most important of all, moreover, finally P%1s6fjU
9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) :S.0e
10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) $zJ.4NA
建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、 短语优先原则 :5ji.g* 0
写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: _ZJP]5
I cannot bear it. 7y:J@fh<
可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.
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I want it. 1:8ZS
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it. zg
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这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、 多实少虚原则 :Bl $c,J
原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, $} ~:x_[
humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital d8av`m
之类的形象词。再比如: f7mI\$CN
走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room 'peFT[1>(
但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room q
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*****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room QH+Oi&xH
小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room B&"fPi
老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room F$d`Umqs;P
所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、 多变句式原则 H1+G:TM
1)加法(串联) kFeuKSa^d
都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, Qd$d*mwg:
但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说: EyozhIV
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. Tf` ~=fg%
如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式: ;|66AIwDe
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. :h" Y >1P
其它的短语可以用: B|#"dhT
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover 7u0!Q\
2)转折(拐弯抹角) dKhDO`.s
批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。 #VtlXr>G
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. fZ$8PMZv
The coat was thin, but it was warm. >AJtoJ=j
更多的短语: yo3'\I
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, FSC74N/
despite, notwithstanding `G,\=c~{A
3)因果(so, so, so) c)+IX;q-C
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系! (eFHMRMv~
The snow began to fall, so we went home. MX]<tR `
更多短语: "4zTP!Ow
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a (Jy7
result, for this reason, so that ohOze\T)=
4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重) BNnGtVAbZ
有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。 S!0<aFh
举例:This is what I can do. ZU5hHah.t
Whether he can go with us or not is not sure. 9ssTG4Sa
同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分: ^3^n|T7le
When to go, Why he goes away… \IQf|
5)附加(多此一举) b[%sKl
如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。 ML9ZS
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The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine. D<$,v(-
I don’t enjoy that book you are reading. )k&<D*5s
Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going. |L11?{ K
其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom eF823cH2x_
or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。 bx#GOK-
6)排比(排山倒海句) x* ?-KS|
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势! d,tGW
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated ?%Hj,b
or simple, there is plenty in London for you. c|.~f+
Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such *<c, x8\s9
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean jdqVS @SD
tides. 2~h! ouleY
We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, c07'mgsU
to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏) Uus%1hC%a
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、 挑战极限原则 XHKiz2Pc1
既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀! q~ ]S5
原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如: <&^P1x<x
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb va 7I_J
the Western Hills. -FftEeo7
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about ?y_W%ogW
three times that of China. }tJRBb
如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪!
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文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例 R!{^qHb
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思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子! 5ar2Y$bY
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted 9j<qi\SSI
every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as }.*"ezaZw
sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance. +5~5BZP
For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will R. :~e
ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the KTLq~Ru
seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her. jR1t&UD3Y
更多句型: r:N =?X`N
To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…, =c/jS
for example二、做比较 {o>51fXc)
方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的; fL$U%I3
世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through p}}pq~EH/
comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语: J)o.@+Q}
相似的比较: >%6a$r~@
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner [7Fx#o=da
相反的比较: }`fFzb
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, I
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nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …, WzinEo{f
…三、换言之 l 7T@<V
没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。 4e`GMtp
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you! E^s<5BC;
I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you. t_xO-fT)
I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love Xmb001
with you. FH
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或者上面我们举过的例子: 2|a5xTzH
I cannot bear it. 1
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可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it. h
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因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with 18eB\4NlD
it or I am fed up with it. (J6>]MZ#)
更多短语: HuI?kLfj\
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more ITssBB9
simply