PART I: Cloze (20 points) e6a8ad
Directions: Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank. T!$HVHh&,}
Production workers must be able to do statistical quality control. Production workers must be "a
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able to do just-in-time inventories. Managers are increasingly shifting from a "don't think, do what $l0w {m!P
you are told" to a "think, I am not going to tell you what to do" style of management. /d;l:
This shift occurs not because today's managers are more ___(1)___ than yesterday's managers, ;pYk+r6 Cr
but because the evidence is mounting that the second style of management is more ___(2)___ than JE!Xf}nEi
the first style of management. But this means that problems of training and motivating the work 4\iQ%fb
force both become more central and require different models of behavior. w Nnb@
To be on top of this situation, tomorrow's managers will have to have strong background in
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organizational psychology, human relations, and labor ___(3)___. The MIT Sloan School of quickly M3;B]iRQD
management attempts to ___(4)___ our understanding in these areas through research and then zc5_;!t
quickly bring the ___(5)___ of this new research to our students so that they can be leading-edge y+<HS]vyV
managers when it comes to the human side of the equation. Nq3P?I(<
The first three decades after World War II were ___(6)___ in ___(7)___ the United States had a
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huge technological lead ___(8)___ all the rest in the world. In a very real sense, ___(9)___ Vy VC#AK,
technological competitive. American firms did not have to worry about their technological )i>KgX
competitiveness because they were ___(10)___. ;2~Q97c0
But that world has disappeared. Today we live in a world where American firms ___(11)___ A>k;o0r
have automatic technological ___(12)___. In some areas they are still ahead, in some areas they are TUt)]"h<
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__(13)___, and in some areas they are behind, but on average, they are average. 9#7zjrB
___(14)___ this means is that American managers have to understand the forces of technical nE
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change in ways ___(15)___ were not necessary in the past. Conversely, managers from the rest of t+tGN\q
the world know that it is now possible for them to dominate their American competitors if they W*2SlS7
understand the forces of technical change better than their American competitors do. S/|8'x{<
In the world of tomorrow managers cannot be technologically ___(16)___ ___(17)___ their @\a- =
functional tasks within the firm. They don't have to be scientists or engineers inventing new }Z|a?J@CZm
technologies, ___(18)___ they have to be managers who understand when to bet and when not bet >JhQ=j
on new technologies. If they ___(19)___ what is going on and technology effectively becomes a Yp8$0KK
black box, they ___(20)___ to make the changes. They will be losers, not winners. hI
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1 a. enlightened b. enlightening c. enlightenment d. enlighten \[BnAgsF
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2 a. sterile b. producing c. productive d. extravagant DbDpdC;
3 a. economics b. economic c. economy d. economies nz(OHh!}u
4 a. take b. arouse c. rise d. advance
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5 . a. results b. evidence c. content d. fruits |7 argk+
6 a. usual b. flawed c. unusual d. unessential KLk37IY2\
7 . a. which b. / c. that d. those v{9eEk1
8 a. by b. over c. on d. upon yC
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9 a. was the world not b. the world was not c. did the world be not d. was not the world hE;
10 a.superior b. super c. inferior d. junior #>0nNR[$Y
11 a. still b. even c. neither d. no longer "}n]0
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12 a. superiority b. inferiority c. majority d. minority }*%%GPJ
13 a. common b. average c. ignorant d. exceptional MKbW^:
14 a. How b. That c. What d. Which -6?5|\
15 a. that b. they c. those d. who ykZ)`E]P`
16 a. illiterate b. sophisticated c. literate d. omniscient A9"ho}<
17 a. regardless b. in spite of c. despite d. regardless of gw H6r3=y(
18 a. and b. likewise c. furthermore d. but q|~9%Pujg
19 a. didn’t understand b. don't understand c. haven’t understood d. hadn’t understood rIXAn4,dTv
20 a. failed b. would have failed c. would fail d. would be failed oOuWgr]0
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PART II: Reading Comprehension (30 points) K\uR=L7
Directions: Choose the best answers based on the information in the passages below. HH>]"mv
Passage 1 Mq$e5&/
The leaders of the mythopoetic men's movement believe that modernization has led to the LNe-]3wB
feminization of men. Mythopoets believe that the rise of the urban industrial society "trapped men y$!~</=b
into straitjackets of rationality, thus blunting the powerful emotional communion and collective :=-h'<D
spiritual transcendence that they believe men in tribal societies typically enjoyed". Most Oq[tgmf
importantly, the movement seeks to restore the "deep masculine" to men who have lost it in their 3^8%/5$v
more modern lifestyles. Other causes for the loss of the "deep masculine" include: Men no longer cd\0
being comrades who celebrated their masculinity together. Rather, they had become competitors d<xBI,g
within their workplaces; Men spending more time in their houses with women than they did with p!173y,nL
men (in non-competitive terms outside of work). Excessive interaction with women generally kept euQd
men from realizing their internal masculinity; Feminism is bringing attention to the “feminine p=T]%k*^h#
voice.” Through this, the mythopoetic men felt that their voices had been muted (though Bly and nNf/$h#;O
others are careful in not blaming feminism for this); The separation of men from their fathers kept \!`*F:7]-
them from being truly initiated into manhood, and was a source of emotional damage. Men were ZfS-W&6Z
suffering further emotional damage due to feminist accusations about sexism. Men should celebrate uYF_sf
their differences from women, rather than feeling guilty about them. Men is being discouraged from $kg!XT{V
expressing their emotions. Male inexpressivity is an epidemic and does not correspond to their
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"deep masculine" natures. Groups of primarily white, middle-aged, heterosexual men from the 2UA h^i-^
professional class retreated from their female loved ones in order to join in spiritual rituals that 5l}v
emphasized homosociality, with the central goal of reclaiming the parts of their masculinity that fMy7pXa_
they had lost called the "deep masculine." Because most men no longer perform masculine rituals, m6bAvy]3<t
mythopoets assert that men have mutated into destructive, hypermasculine chauvinists, or, in the ,)[u<&
opposite direction, have become too feminized. The mythopoetic men performed rituals at these "l"zbW WOH
gatherings, which were meant to imitate those performed by tribal societies when men initiated KQ9~\No]
boys into a deeply essential natural manhood. The movement emphasized the importance of \GO^2&g(
including multiple generations of men in the rituals, so that the men could learn about masculinity YAYPof~A$l
from those who were older and wiser. Characteristic of the early mythopoetic movement was a
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tendency to retell myths, legends and folktales, and engage in their exegesis as a tool for personal 5
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