(2)动词have第三人称用has,其余人称都用have。 V?=zuB?'
(3)第三人称单数需要在动词词尾加-s或-es。 eOnl
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2)基本用法 9(gOk
(1)用于表示客观真理、科学事实或习惯性的动作以及存在的特征、状态,常用的时 IXk'?9
间标志是:often, always, sometimes, usually, every day ( week, month, year, morning ) , ]R.Vq\A%S
seldom等。例如: @T=HcUP)
The sun rises in the east. g,]5&C T3v
He usually goes to work by bus. rVW'KN
The Jones always go to church on Sunday. J_br%AG<p
(2)表示按计划或安排好的将来的动作,常用的词有:go, be, start, arrive, stay等。例 1+ARV&bc
如: p:n^c5
The plane arrives in Beijing this afternoon. <cc0 phr
The project starts early this year. X{5 DPhB,
There is a conference tonight. YU"\
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(3)由if, when 引导的条件和时间状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例如: |*| a~t
When you see him, please say hello to him for me. >~8Df61o`
If it is fine tomorrow, we will go outing. a^1c _
2 、一般过去时 H<Taf%JT
1)构成:动词过去式 &x5ZEe4
2)基本用法 e-av@a3
用于表示过去某一时刻或时期内发生的动作或状态。常用的时间标志词有: JF=ABJ=
yesterday, then, later, next day, just now, a moment ago,ago, last year (week, month)或由 6df&B
.gg
when, while等引导的表明过去时间的状语从句。例如: r1?FH2Ns
He died five years ago. :QSW^x
In those days we sowed the wheat by hand. uk/+
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He has given up smoking, but a year ago he Hmd:>_[f
smoked 100 cigarettes a week. .T
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When he was a child, he sold newspapers for a living. ZKL%rp_
3 、一般将来时 ^( VB5p
1)构成 9\0 K%LL
will +动词原形
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2)基本用法 Y%
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用于表示将来的动作或状态。常用的时间标志词有:the day after tomorrow in等。 ,p1]_D&
例如:They will have a final examination this afternoon. Mdh"G @$n
3)表示将来时的其他形式 Jjq%cA
(1) “be going to + 动词原形”表示很快就要发生的 事或打算要做的事或有迹象表 B K;w!]
明即将发生的事。例如: .NC}TFN|
The director is going to call on a meeting to discuss it. Oei2,3l,?
(2) “be to +动词原形”表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作或表示命令、禁止或 m(P)oqwM
可能性。例如: $O-, :<HY
The Prime Minister is to speak on TV tonight. %%[TM(z
(3) “be + 现在分词”表示一个最近按计划或安排要 进行的动作,常用于表示位 t1^96@m^
置转移的词,如go, come,arrive,leave, start等,或其他动词。例如: DV"ri
We're leaving on Friday. N|
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They're moving to another hotel the day after tomorrow. 1ouTZ'c?
(4)“be about + 动词原形”表示即将做某事。可译 成汉语“将要,正要”。例如: q Q8l8
He is about to retire. !Esiq<Yh
4 、现在进行时 .D`#a
1)构成:由 “am, is, are + 现在分词”构成。 lhTbg M
2)基本用法 ,&SJ?XAs
(1) 用于此刻正在进行的动作。例如: mio'm
What are you doing ? I'm writing a report. -9"Ls?Cu
Hurry up!We’re all waiting for you. )O
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(2) 与always, continually, constantly, for ever等频度副词连用,表示某种带有感情色彩 Wg1WY}zG
(赞叹、抱怨、厌烦等)的现阶段经常发生的动作。例如: TW0^wSm
He is constantly complaining about his job.
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She’s always borrowing and forgetting to pay me back. VJaL$Wv)H
5 、现在完成时 K~>kruO";
1)构成: 由“have / has 十过去分词”构成。 5EUk
p6Y
2)基本用法 )J0VB't
表示动作已经完成或刚刚完成或过去开始的动作一直持续到现在,而且可能持续下 o_n.,=/cZ
去。常用的时间标志词有:already, before, ever, just, once, recently, yet 等或由since ?6bE!36
引导的短语或从句和for引导的表示一段时间的短语。例如:
#p>PNW-
We’ve just back. ceCshxTU
We have studied English for more than ten years. uJ$,e5q
He has lived here since 1995. 0&x)5^lG
I have played the piano since 1 came to England. PhS"tOGtX
Have you booked your hotel yet "e"`Or
注意:现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 k*Kq:$9"
(1)过去与现在的关系 N\?iU8w=
这两种时态都表示过去发生过的动作,但前者强调的是过去的动作对现在的影 r%m2$vx#
响,后者只表示过去某一时间发生过的动作而与现在无关,即不强调该动作对现在 i=4bY[y
造成的影响。 cPXvTVvs
(2)时间状语不同 V4H+m,R
一般过去时带有明确的表示过去时间的状语,现在完成时带有already, yet, just, khfE<<