开头万能公式:
X#TQ_T" ke]Lw 1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言
],FMwCI 有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编!
:'3XAntZA 原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧?
sRx63{ 经典句型:
)Sg~[WxDv A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言)
qx8fRIK% It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.
%g$V\zmU (适用于自编名言)
A3no~)wZn 更多经典句型:
Y*>#T As everyone knows, No one can deny that…
-pa )K"z 2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计
;8*`{F[ 原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。
P'*)\faw 原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:
5rRN- According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college
X;B\Kj`n students wanted to further their study after their graduation.
/#-C4
"| 看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造:
z4+k7a@jn Honesty
~\.w^*$#Y 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。
r>" Travel by Bike
#H{<gjs] 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。
2H6,'JK@F Youth
jbu8~\" 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。
jm0- y% Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?
'0uhD.|G 根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
`V"sOTb 更多句型:
("+}=*?OF3 A recent statistics shows that …
W4e5Rb4~f" iz?tu: \v& 结尾万能公式:
;3: q?& Xn,v]$M! 1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论
^Au _U 说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:
1Q4}'0U4 Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good
92d6U2T4& manners arise from politeness and respect for others.
X
9%'|(tL 如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了!
=gvBz | + 更多过渡短语:
Q7C;1aO to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
C,NxE5?h 更多句型:
iMFgmM| Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…
Nl9I*x^e 2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议
f<*Js)k 如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽!
)aao[_ZS Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve
>sjhA|gXk the problem.
""h)LUrl 这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?
~$ f;U 更多句型:
!\#_Jw%y Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
;)I'WQ]Q Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be
B Ma)O taken.
~+
bGN 写作的“七项基本原则”:一、长 短 句原则
uy^ 3
M10fI? 工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:
:nS;
W As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is
RQB]/D\BO to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to
6ubL1K satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite
X _G| hx similar.
I3:[= ,5 如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!
}Jh: 8BNuP 强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。二、
7HJS.047 主 题 句原则
9W>Y#V~|v! 国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!
;.Ie#Vr1N 特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!
r-IVb&uFb To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully
?Xo*1Z = prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation,
$1zvgep you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、
H,<7G;FPT 一 二 三原则
b7\ cxgRq 领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点…
\cJ-Dd 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
vNOH&ja-s 1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)
!epgTN 2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)
L]
hXp
t 3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)
}o,z!_^PLQ 4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place,
+wk`;0s A lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)
^, i>'T 5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)
h2;z4 6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)
Ld,5iBiO: 7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)
M
ZSxQ8 8)most important of all, moreover, finally
a>B[5I5 9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)
m:O(+Fl 10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)
aSYs_?&. 建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!四、短语优先原则
iG,t_?? 写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:
$O:w(U I cannot bear it.
M}"r#Plq 可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.
UU}7U]9u I want it.
<;t)6:N\
可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it.
hvt@XZT 这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。五、多实少虚原则
dYojm1MQ 原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous,
D~&Mwsi humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital
o8FXqTUcs4 之类的形象词。再比如:
gglQU"=g{ 走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room
4*U
P.r@ 但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room
4R ) |->" *****走出房间应该说:sail out of the room
=j
/hl 小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room
&,-p',\- 老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room
g.#+z'l 所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!六、多变句式原则
?&h3P8 1)加法(串联)
*R`MMm 都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and,
)3muPMaY 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:
F}rPY: I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.
ZAg;q#z j 如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:
5>ST"l_ca Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.
2N6=8Xy5K 其它的短语可以用:
]s|lxqP besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
%XXkVK` 2)转折(拐弯抹角)
bEr.nF 批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。
D?+
RJs The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.
e.6Dl_ The coat was thin, but it was warm.
B$`lYDqaG 更多的短语:
o|287S|$ despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of,
VvgN3e[ despite, notwithstanding
coB 6 rW 3)因果(so, so, so)
5(}H
? 昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩,然后我主动搭讪,然后我们去咖啡厅,然后我们认识了,然后我们成为了朋友…可见,讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!
}g,X5v?W The snow began to fall, so we went home.
Cals?u#U= 更多短语:
)Ul&1UYA then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a
K
M]Wl_z result, for this reason, so that
$k(9 U\y- 4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)
!5;t#4= 有些人脑袋大,身体小,或者有些人脑袋小,身体大,虽然我们不希望长成这个样子,可如果真的是这样了,也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。
7L{li-crI 举例:This is what I can do.
-iQsi4 Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.
Kpu<rKP` 同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:
&8Wlps` When to go, Why he goes away…
@c"yAy^t 5)附加(多此一举)
Fi{mr*} 如果有了老婆,总会遇到这样的情况,当你再讲某个人的时候,她会插一句说,我昨天见过他;或者说,就是某某某,如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面,那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。
anZIB The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.
O&P>x#w I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.
GHrBK& Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.
HU3Vv<lz 其实很简单,同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom
er\:U0fr#@ or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
fbL!=]A*3 6)排比(排山倒海句)
kO
M- 文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话,那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!
)O-sWh4 Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated
Hrv),Ce or simple, there is plenty in London for you.
hd=j56P5P Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such
i~AJ.@
#
as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean
L(Rorf~V tides.
?',}?{"c We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge,
D; yd{]< to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏)
wO\!xW: 要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!七、挑战极限原则
*%f3rvt7@) 既然十挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!
,9$>d}N 原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:
6NKF'zh The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb
V?WMj
$l< the Western Hills.
:Q#H(\26r Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about
X!?wL0n three times that of China.
R=DPeUy; 如果您可一些出这样的句子,不得高分才怪!
|7Yvq%E 文章主体段落三大杀手锏:一、举实例
k4*! Q_A #s/{u
RYQ 思维短路,举实例!提出一个观点,举实例!提出一个方案,举实例!而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式,任何情况下,只要我们无法继续文章,不管三七二十一,尽管举例子!
f#2#g%x In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted
KXDz'9_ every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as
]s}aC9
I sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance.
\Z8Y(]6* For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will
T=Ol`?5 ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the
`,Q <YT ~ seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.
CJtr0M<U+ 更多句型:
tgS+"ugl To take … as an example, One example is…, Another example is…,
)OS>9
kFH for example二、做比较
e*6U |+kJ 方法:写完一个要点,比较与之相似的;又写完一个要点,再比较与之相反的;
`=PB2' 世界上没有同样的指纹,没有相同的树叶,文章亦同,只有通过比较,你才会发现二者的相同点(through
http://www.freekaobo.com/post.php?fid=67 1@s^$fvW comparison)和不同点(through contrast)。下面是一些短语:
~&vA_/M 相似的比较:
z1)$ in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner
Bl:{p>-q 相反的比较:
$&c<T4 $d on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead,
Jq=X!mTd. nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with …,
GC,vQ\ …三、换言之
:H~UyrN 没话说了,可以换一句话再说,让你的文章在多一些字,或者文邹邹地说,是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。
gizmJ:<
实际就是重复重复再重复!下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you!
[]sB^UT I am enthusiastic about you. That is to say, I love you.
d8VWi* I am wild about you. In other words, I have fallen in love
[w+yQ7P with you.
I 0x`H)DA 或者上面我们举过的例子:
OcyiL)tv 5 I cannot bear it.
g!~-^_F 可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.
p3>Q< 因此可以这样说:I cannot bear it. That is to say, I cannot put up with
5e~ j it or I am fed up with it.
dlU
JYI 更多短语:
q!ulE{ ^ in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more
QE`:jxyad simply