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1.定义 u'BuZF
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 4G4[IAu_
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二、分类 _*I@ J/
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: cx(aMcX6
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 v&NC` dVR
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. b`=\<u8
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 j}2,|9ne
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. a19yw]hF5
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 ZZ<uiN$
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 SA| AS<
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. qH3|x08
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 x-Kq=LFy.
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 6^vMJ82U
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. eY)JuJ?
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 @l7~Zn
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” tevB2'3^
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 (]JZ1s|
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. mE`OG8
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。 %^e~;i=2
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 8VbHZ9Q
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. bPaE;?m
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 ]2^tV.^S^
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 f.V
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. m7zx,bz>
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 s[{L.9Y
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. k=t\
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 czMu<@c [
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. ]= 2wQ8
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 v 4@=>L
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2.考博真题 .#"O VI]#
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) I }AO_rtb
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这是一个主从复合句。 kV@*5yc
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: !^Mk5E (
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers 5 pNbO[
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 ^%X,Rml<e
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… 3z Jbb3e
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that H-%)r&"vn
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. 1Yt;1k'
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if 7&G[mOx0
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 nVI\Or
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 &_
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition _%Ay\4H^\
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 c }>:>^
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. po_||NIY
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这是一个主从复合句。 Xr~6_N{J
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: S1^u/$*6
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主句:the astronauts feel… yv4ki5u`
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed wzB*M}3
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when Okca6=2"
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. {s|rk
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if hu\HK81m
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 ~\/>b}^uf'
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 Vn? %w~0!
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? )7=B]{B_
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这是一个主从复合句。 'Z'X`_
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: &/=>:ay+#
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主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority F/ 2@%,2n
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分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting nFW^^v<
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as NmST1pMk
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分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand J><O
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 fj0+a0h
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【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 l4U& CA y