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1.定义 zG!nqSDG
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 uV/5f#)
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: y8Va>ul"U
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 hsZ/Vnn`
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. t^t% >9o
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 &4#Zi.]
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. vDy&sgS$<
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 R[WiW RfD
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 /
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. '<Z[e`/
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 (8 nv&|
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 f|RmAP;X,
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. GAGS-G#
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 @sXFu[!U
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” Aoa8Q
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 k.@![w\ea
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. O&%'j
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。 oqrx7+0{
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 PN*
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. ]ua3I}_B6v
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 A#U! KX
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 ly0R'4j \
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. InP E_
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 ||+~8z#+,
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. !do`OEQKR
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 Okq,p=D6
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. J 8i;E4R
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 b{0a/&&1O
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2.考博真题 Q2
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) JFv70rBe
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这是一个主从复合句。 .W]k8N E
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: CPB{eQeDuv
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers BX_yC=S
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 %ap(=^|5
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… ixA.b#!1
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that Y`~B> J
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. q7 PCMe
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if NP;W=A F
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 W>#yXg9
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 ?tYZ/
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition v+LJx
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 G _cJI
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. BwT[SI<Sg
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这是一个主从复合句。 `<9>X9.+
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: k|-\[Yl .
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主句:the astronauts feel… WJq>%<#
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed _^ENRk@
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when EL~
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. 0%bCP/
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if dWn6-es
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 &m3-][!n
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 -H%v6E%yh
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? \kQ)fk]^
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这是一个主从复合句。 =b%f@x_U1
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: + nR("Il
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主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority l-w4E"n3
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分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting u[qy1M0
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as lB27Z}
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分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand TU?n;h#TZ
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if SsX$l<t*
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 ub 2'|CYw
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【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 g{
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