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1.定义 %X7R_>.
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 gqV66xmJ3
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: 1N6.r:wg)%
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 p)6!GdT
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. XJg8-)T
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你必须像我这样拿工具。
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. kN7JZ12
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 J)7\k$ D
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 M3XG s|gw
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. $4>(}
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 %x'}aTa
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 $>JfLSyC
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 SND@#?hiO
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” sYEh>%mo^C
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 *{_N*p\{
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. Ucx"\/"
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。 bm*.*A]
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 "S]G+/I|iw
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. s
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 dWx@<(`OC
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 yH(3 m#
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. V'tqsKQ!
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 %)72glB
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. v}J0j
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 YV _ 7 .+A
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. Yi]
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 @eZBwFe
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2.考博真题 t`'jr=e,~
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) @)x*6 2r+
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这是一个主从复合句。 6:L2oW 6}{
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: o
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers 9pPLOXr ,
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 Y8^WuN$
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends…
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that 7i{(,:
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. R|'W#"{@
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if {:("oK6w
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 [`
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 Uavl%Q
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition M2|h.+[Q
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。 j}",+Hv
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. bTrusSAl
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这是一个主从复合句。 th[v"qD9G
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: jK]1X8
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主句:the astronauts feel… /CNsGx%%
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed I{g.V|+x
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when 77O$^fG2
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. {+WY,%e
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if T3zovnR
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 ]E<Z5G1HD
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 .u&xo{$'dS
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? |?^<=%
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这是一个主从复合句。 xO )c23Z)]
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: Z\IM~-
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主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority M?h{'$T
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分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting `}),wBq
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as
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分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand 1 7~Pc
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if mKe6rEUs|
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 A5Jadz~
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【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 oYw?kxRZ