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1.定义 D|Ih e%w-
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方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner),属于状语从句中的一种。指在句中用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式。 pRxlvVt
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二、分类 9a~BAH,j
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方式状语从句的引导词主要有: 4}_w4@(
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① as,表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后,也可放在句首。 i2ml[;*,N
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例如:You must try to hold the tool as I do. z5*O@_r+.b
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你必须像我这样拿工具。 _]r)6RT
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As is known to all, gunpowder was first invented in China. Zn 5m.=z
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众所周知,火药首先是在中国发明的。 53&xTcv}x
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② (just) as…so…表示“像……一样”,通常位于主句之后。 oD}FJvV
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例如:We can’t live without air, just as fish can’t live without water. +4p;4/=
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我们没有空气不能生存,就像鱼没有水不能生存一样。 i@j ?<
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² 但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。 %|* y/m
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例如:Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. |wn LxI
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正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 Yy~ D
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③ as if/though表示“好像……”“似乎……”“仿佛……” 8>+eGz|
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大,用陈述语气。 ~;a* Oxt
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例如:The boss speaks aloud as if/though he is angry. uty]-k
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老板大声说着话像是生气了。 !LESRh?
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² as if/though两者用法相同,表示所说的情况是事实或者实现不符合,用虚拟语气。 ,peFNpi
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例如:They completely ignore these facts as if / though they never existed. ;!Mg,jlQ
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他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的。 .4-S|]/d,
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² as if/though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语、形容词或介词短语。 P#]jPW
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例如:He cleared his throat as if to say something. LNWp$"
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他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。 fzcT(y
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He stared at me as if seeing me for the first time. N[%IrN3
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他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。 W&nVVV8s@
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The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. kBkhuKd)V
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波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。 P]G2gDO
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2.考博真题 vKxwv
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I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers [that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends and acquaintance to a certain levity of temper, and a silly ambition of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire, (as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit.)] (中国社科院2015年阅读) N6eY-`4y
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这是一个主从复合句。 !.!Ervi!N
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: 8ARpjYZP
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主句:I have indeed heard of heedless, inconsiderate writers z7 }@8F
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【译文】我确实听说过一些粗心大意的作家 9R!.U\sq
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分句一:that, without any malice, have sacrificed the reputation of their friends… )g)X~]*
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类型:定语从句;引导词:that 2\_}81hM
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分句二:as if it were not infinitely more honorable to be a good-natured man than a wit. }k$2r3
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if w!7Hl9BW
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【译文】好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣 (V5_q,2
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其他修饰成分:without any malice为伴随状语 O8qA2@,
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of distinguishing themselves by a spirit of raillery and satire作后置定语修饰ambition rE)lt0mkv
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【全句译文】:我确实听说过一些粗心大意、不体谅他人的作家,他们并不是存心要害他们的朋友和熟人名誉尽失,而且他们还以为自己风趣,爱讽刺的精神来标榜自己,好像做一个善良的人并不比一个机智的人更光荣。
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[When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed],the astronauts feel [as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor]. Qu]F<H*Y|
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这是一个主从复合句。 20h+^R3{Z
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: Oc A;+}>
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主句:the astronauts feel… xQA6!j
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分句一:When the spaceship leaves the earth at tremendous speed J2Y
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类型:时间状语从句;引导词:when mssCnr;
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分句二:as if they are being crushed against the spaceship floor. yUY* l@v]
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if 0cF+4,5
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【译文】宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 P,RdYM06
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【全句译文】:当宇宙飞船以极快的速度离开地球时,宇航员们觉得自己好像正在被压向宇宙飞船的底壁上去。 ~[*\YN);
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It's not just a question, [as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting], of deferring to authority [as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand], right? +CaA%u
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这是一个主从复合句。 K (!+l
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: 6 {j}Z*)m
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主句:It's not just a question of deferring to authority Xe. az
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分句一:as obviously Foucault and Barthes are always suggesting ;jZfVRl
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as RASPOc/]
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分句二:as though the authority were the police with a baton in its hand edZhI
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类型:方式状语从句;引导词:as if u,&[I^WK`C
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【译文】就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察。 yc:y}"
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【全句译文】:这不仅仅是一个问题,显然福柯和巴特一直在暗示的那样,要服从权威,就好像当局是手里拿着警棍的警察,对吧 ww#]i&6