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1.定义 R2$ U K
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让步状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Concession),属于状语从句中的一种。一般翻译为“尽管……”或“即使……”等,就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说…”的感觉。 2*citB{
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二、分类 Idlu1
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让步状语从句的引导词主要有: R1.sq(z`
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① though/although,表示“虽然,即使,纵然”。 二者都可与yet, still或never, the less连用,但不能与but连用。 5FSv"=
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² although语气较重,大多位于句首 b|dCEmFt
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例如:Although I was only six, I can remember seeing it on TV. EB>B,#
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虽然当时我只有6岁,我还能记得在电视上看见过它。 A,gx5!J
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² though引导的让步状语从句可以把表语,状语,动词等提至句首。 'yd@GQM&
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例如:Boy though he is, he likes to play with girls. 3%R{"Q"
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他虽是个男孩,却喜欢和女孩玩。 `4%;qLxngP
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② even if/even though,表示的语气更强,意为“再退一步说” NQC3!=pQ}Y
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² even if强调对“假设”的让步,不能用来描述已经发生的事实;even though更强调对“既成事实”的让步。 nG"n-$A?<
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例如:We’ll make a trip even if the weather is bad. A)hhnb0o
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即使天气不好,我们也要去旅行。 (even if引导让步状语从句,对“假设”让步) pp~3@_)b
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We made a trip even though the weather was bad. M
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尽管天气不好,我们还是作了一次旅行。(even though引导让步状语从句,强调对“既成事实”的让步) x(PKFn
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③ as表示“虽然……但是……”,“纵然……” lC#RNjDp/~
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² as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现,具体变法是把从句中作状语或者表语的“名词/动词/形容词/副词/动词(分词)”提到句首,形成倒装结构。 &%^K,Q"
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例如:King as he is, he is unhappy. eZg$AOp
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尽管他是国王,但他并不快乐。(名词+as+主语+动词) D?e"U_
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Successful as she is, she is not proud. 91up^
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尽管她很成功,但她并不骄傲。(动词+as+主语+动词) -vV'Lw(
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Much as I would like to stay, I really must go home. W,3zL.qH"
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尽管我想留下来,但我确实必须回家。(副词+as+主语+动词) =}v ;1m
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④ whether...or.../ whether...or not表示“不论是否……”“不管是……还是……” ?Ko|dmX
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例如:You've got to go to school, whether you like it or not. ]#zZWg
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不管你喜欢不喜欢,你得上学。 0|XKd24BN
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You will have to attend the ceremony whether you are free or busy. -[DWM2C$K4
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不管你有空还是忙,你都得参加这个典礼。 /v#)f-N%zs
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⑤ while表示“尽管”,语气比although/though弱,通常位于句首 {)@D`{
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² while引导让步状语时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词be可以省略 CPviR<ms_
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例如:While he was feel uncomfortable, he still persevered. f:woP7FP
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=While feel uncomfortable, he still persevered. \+nGOvM
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虽然他感到不舒服,但他还是坚持下来了。 Br5o7(AE
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⑥ wh-ever类词/no matter+wh-词,表示“无论怎样” 7G93,dJ
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² wh-ever类词引导让步状语从句时可以换成no matter+wh-词,但是引导名词性从句时只能用wh-ever类词 L":bI&V?:
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例如:Whatever you did,I will accept. i
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= No matter what you did,I will accept.
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不管你做了什么,我都接受。 )3A{GZj#6
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2.考博真题
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[No matter what you buy, shoes, pants, or big-ticket items such as JV and VCR], [if you find some problems with them or simply do not like them any longer], you can return them within 30days.(安徽大学2015年阅读) D=r))
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这是一个主从复合句。 b1#dz]
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: 9xI GV!
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主句:you can return them within 30days u+m,b76
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【译文】您可以在30天内退货 %r\n%$@_
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分句一:No matter what you buy, shoes, pants, or big-ticket items such as JV and VCR v X~RP
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类型:让步状语从句;引导词:No matter what HSUI${<
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【译文】无论你买什么,鞋子,裤子,或者像JV和VCR这样的大件物品 Fxs;Fp
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分句二:if you find some problems with them or simply do not like them any longer O|IG_RL]
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类型:条件状语从句;引导词:if RcG0 8p.)
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【译文】如果你发现它们有些问题,或者根本不喜欢它们了 v,-{Z1N%m
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其他修饰成分:shoes, pants, or big-ticket items such as JV and VCR作插入语。 $E<Esf$
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【全句译文】:无论你买什么,鞋子,裤子,或者像JV和VCR这样的大件物品,如果你发现它们有问题或者只是不再喜欢它们,你可以在30天内退货。 F^"_TV0va
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[While more recent theories on the matter suggest (that there is more overlap among these stages) and (that different environments affect children’s progress)], Piaget’s theory was nonetheless extremely important to initial studies of cognitive development.(云南大学2012年翻译) ;{i'#rn{
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这是一个主从复合句。 Tus}\0/i>
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原句中的各个子句,子句类型以及连接词如下: :tIC~GG]_)
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主句:Piaget’s theory was nonetheless extremely important to initial studies of cognitive development. rG#Z=*b%
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