该错题常考要点 2rq)U+
一、代词 Brh<6Btl
代词中主要讲解六个问题 VGY#ph%
(一) 掌握代词的几种格 p-zWfXn!P
主格、宾格、所有格 42?X)n>
名词前面用代词来修饰,只能用所有格(my books) U<**Est
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(二) 反身代词 #k1%}k=
当主语和宾语表示同一事物时,宾语使用反身代词。 `
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He killed himself. (他自杀了)
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He killed him. (他杀了他) zlmb_akJ
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例:Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating g_}r)CgG|
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a series of indicators that could help )FM/
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themselves to predict earthquakes. Dcq\1V.e`W
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分析:D错,应改为them。如果用反身代词themselves,指代对象是从句主语that(即名词indicators),这显然是错误的。从句意来看,help的宾语应该是主句主语researchers,故应用代词宾格而不是反身代词。注意C并没有错,情态动词could 比can语气弱,表示较小的可能性。
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Indicator为征兆,这些征兆帮助他们来预言地震。主语是征兆,后面指研究者,不是同一个事物 gOZ$rv^g
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(三) 代词的单复数,代词的性别 ~a8J"Wh
在考试中如果代词打横线,代词错误的概率是非常高的,因此代词打横线,应该先看代词有没有错。 lcij}-z:%e
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例:The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies lDNB0Ad
that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the BclZsU=xn
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Pacific. B&#TbKp
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分析:D错,应改为those。D指代复数名词waters, it是单数,显然是错误的,根据习惯故改为those。注意waters一词并没有错,它指江湖河海中的大片水域,可用复数形式。 _d&zHlc_
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Water作为水是不可数名词,waters表示水域,通常使用复数形式,作主语谓语动词用复数。 VcT(n7
Work作为工作是不可数名词,work作为作品,可数不可数都可以,例如: zv!%u=49
Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品 B=#rp*vwL
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例:In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined *I`, L/
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the word“normalcy”to express social and 9]BpP0f\
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economic conditions they promised the nation. s
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分析:D错,应改为he。动作promised是由Warren Harding发出来的,故用第三人称单数he来指代。 ~N;.hU
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例:Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important ($'
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work is not poetry, but his biography, John *f$mSI=
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Keats, published the year of her death. BQmg$N,F
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分析:C错,应改为her。his指男性,显然是错误的,应改为her与后面的her同指Amy Lowell. bqN({p&
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(四) Who和which的区别 Cp&lS=
which指代事物或者动物,who指代人 -RVwPY
who/whom son往往要改为whose son, whose可以指代事物 muo(bR8
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例:The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who u^|XQWR$:
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account for approximately forty percent of the body weight. ^IOf%
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分析:B错,应改为which或that。先行词不是指人,而是指物,关系代词不能用who,故改为which或that。 4K[ E3aA
人体前面加定冠词the, account for 占有多大的比例,解释说明 Cy4@\X%W
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(五) that和which的区别 {*ATY+
介词后面使用which, 而不用that, in that除外 ++-HdSHY
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例:When television was first introduced, the extent to that it D' ZR>@w@
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would affect society could not have been foreseen. _,"T;i
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分析:B错,应改为which。The extent to which, 介词加which(引导定语从句),影响社会的程度没有被预见 CO%7^}xSE,
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(六) 定语从句的特殊省略 "6 |j
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Reason后面有定语从句,中间往往省略why, 6x)7=_:0
Time后面有定语从句,中间往往省略when Hgu$)yhlj
I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world. UBzX%:A
way后面有定语从句,中间省略了in which t>N~PXr
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例:Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly %i{Z@
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reason people take medicine is to relieve pain. <qT[
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分析:B错,应改为main。mainly为副词,不能个饰后面的名词,故改为形容词main。句子中people take medicine修饰reason,定语从句引导词被省略 r@ujE,D=k
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例:Commercial expansion from city to suburb has DDQ}&`s
affected the way people in the United States----. |tIr?nXSW3
(A) living and working 5.
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(B) they live and work bc=,$
(C) live and work z`$jxSLm
(D) to live and to work #%N v\g;
分析:选择C, the way people....影响了人们生活和工作的方式。 Z^E>)!t
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二、介词 u^|c_5J(
介词是考试中出现的比较多的一个部分,而其中考的最多的就是介词的固定搭配问题。由于篇幅问题,我们在这里仅仅举出几个例题,在说明书手册中我们完整的列出了所有的介词搭配,这些列出的搭配在以前的语法题中出现过,只不过有的时候是正确的选项,有的时候重复考。 q;Tdqv!Ju
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(一) 介词搭配 3.+TM]RYN
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例:The teeth in the upper jaw function together those ?lq
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in the lower jaw to cut, tear, and grind food. '
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分析:和…一起,应该为together with,C错 E|{(O
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例:The Allegheny Mountain range is rich of coal. ]QKo>7%[
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分析:B错改为be rich in B@cC'F
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例:The rotation of the Earth on its axis is responsible to the RO+ jVY~H-
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alternation of periods of light and darkness. "5<:Dj/W
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分析:C错,应改为responsible for。形容词responsible后接名词作宾语时要加介词for。 (#kKL??W
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(二) 最重要的两个介词 Q g~cYwX
1、介词of 多余或者遗漏
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例:Mosquitoes usually lay eggs, singly or in batches, on top stagnant water. cWtuI(.
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分析:D错,应改为top of stagnant。on top of …是因定表达法,意为“在…上面”。 |L/EH~| O
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例:Christopher Plummer is a Canadian actor who has J':X$>E|
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starred in stage, television, and film productions on ;
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both sides the Atlantic Ocean. Hf/ZaBn
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分析:D错,应改为sides of the。 sides为名词,the Atlantic Ocean也是名词,中间明显少了一个介词。 lArKfs/
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2、介词by p}oGhO&=
一种情况表示被动,be+过去分词+by 2FR+Z3&z
另一种表示通过……的方式, by doing +GJPj(S
例:The ceremony of marriage in the United States zO`4W!x&
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can be performed from a justice of the peace. yky%+@2q
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分析:D错,应改为performed by。谓语动词是被动式,performed的动作执行者应该由介词by来引导。 bwM?DY
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例:Along the east coast ,American Indian women's councils ^T:L6:
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could veto a declaration of war at refusing to EugRC
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supply moccasins and field rations. <UF0Xc&X'
分析:D错,应改为by refusing。通过拒绝提供鞋子和粮食,表示通过某种方式做某事要用介词by,故将at refusing 改为by refusing。 ]5K+W
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例:Algebra is the branch of mathematics concerned with ue^HhZ9
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operations on sets of numbers or other elements EK=
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that are often represented at symbols. O wuc9
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分析:D错,应改为by。动作的发出者应该用介词by来引导。 X;H\u6-|>6
三、谓语动词 -%5#0Ogh
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(一) 谓语动词的主谓一致 IITUM)
①、主谓分割原则 @R}3f6@67
例1:To the citizens of the United States, the bald eagle, AT)b/ycC
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America's national bird, symbolize strength and freedom. iGSA$U P|
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分析:C错,应改为symbolizes。主语谓语用逗号分割开,主语the bald eagle为单数,谓语动词也应该用单数形式。 T>]T=
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②、与后者一致原则 PxgJ7d
not…but, 强调but后面的名词, [al$sCD]+
not only…but also ;}iB9 Tl
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③、与前者一致原则 CvmIDRP*
名词+with/together with/as well as/including+复数名词,谓语用is, SOq:!Qt
中心词在前面,谓语动词应该与前面的名词保持一致 t))MZw&@
例:The athlete, together with his coach and v+"4YIN
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several relatives, are traveling to the Olympic Games. PBnH#zm
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分析:D错,与谓语动词与the athlete 保持一致,改为is iX6>u4~(
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④、就近原则 #kASy 2t
or, either…or, neither…nor, C= V2Y_j
单数名词+or+复数名词+are y0sce
如果把句子变为一般疑问句,也就是把be动词提到前面,那么变为is +x=)Kp>
所以注意一点: 如果是陈述句,靠后面近,用复数 >P:X\5Oj
如果是疑问句,靠前面近,用单数 ^\AeX-q2v'
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例:The structure or behavior of many protozoans are jZzTnmm&?
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amazingly complex for single-celled animals. <kdlXS>J.
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分析:A错,应改为and。从谓语动词是复数形式判断,主语应该为复数,or连接两个名词时动词和后面的名词保持一致,behavior是用单数形式,因此只有改为并列连词and才能使主谓在数上保持一致。 UMR ?q0J
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⑤定语从句主语就近原则 v
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There are five apples that are red. zo(#tQ-'m
apples是复数,因此从句谓语动词是复数。 7Hr_ZwO/^
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例:A rocket burns propellant rapidly and most rockets qK a}O*
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carry a supply that last just a few seconds. G n]qh(N>
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分析:D错,应改为lasts。从句的逻辑主语a supply为单数,其谓语动词应为单数形式。 p0bWzIH
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⑥the +形容词主谓一致 f\<r1
The rich are not always happier than the poor. VTu#)I7A^@
The rich 表示一类人,应该用复数 b$,Hlh,^
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⑦、倒装句的主谓一致 sQa;l]O:NC
改错题倒装句的主谓一致一般考两种情况: [i`
a. there be 句型 [yXmnrxA
there be+名词+名词,那么最近的名词决定其形式 HrBJi
b. between/ among 放在句首+be+名词,名词其实是主语,所以be和名词保持一致 F3}MM
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例:There are no known society in which left-handed people predominate. D*%am|QL
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分析:there be 句型由最近的名词决定其形式,society当然用单数,A错,there are 改为there is 4k;FZo]S
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例:Between the foothills of the Andes and the Pacific W%!(kN&d
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Ocean are a dry coastal strip averaging about 30 1ML
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miles in width. ;5 j|B|v
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分析:倒装句,are改为is <b:%o^
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例:Among the favorite attractions at the National Air and
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Space Museum in Washington D.C. are the film ,9P-<P
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presented on the five-story-tall screen. 2LwJ%!
分析:D错,应改为films , 主语实际上是名词,应该与谓语动词保持一致。 ( C!p2f
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⑧、百分比结构的主谓一致
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fifty percent of + 名词 b>07t!;
one percent of + 名词 YXA@
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谓语动词的形式和百分比多少没有关系,主要取决于后面的名词,比如: )eyzHB,H
one percent of my students + are Fz7t84g(
fifty percent of my time is spent on working. *
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这里要强调两个结构 o:d7IL
half of =fifty percent +4?Lwp'q
most of + 可数名词 + are S<nF>JRJa
most of + 不可数名词+ is Q0xO;20
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例:Nearly half of the ancient meteor craters has been 7Nq<
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found in central and eastern Canada. 46C%at
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分析:C错,应改为have been。介词of的宾语为复数名词短语,作主语的中心词half当然表复数,相应的谓语动词应为复数形式。 R]"Zv'M(AM
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例:Approximately fifty percent of the package utilized !l
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in the United States are for foods and beverages. IK -vcG
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分析:A错,应改为packages。从谓语动词用复数形式判断出主语是复数名词。注意food用复数表示不同种类的食品,beverage用复数表示不同种类的饮料,故(C)、(D)均没有错。 scV%p&{a
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(二) 谓语动词的时态 )PN8HJAArh
①、主要考察时间状语 gfL :SP8
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例 The metal aluminum has been first isolated early in the nineteenth century. lS=YnMs6a
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分析:Metal, aluminum同位语,in the nineteenth century为明显表示过去时间的状语, 因此应该用过去时态,把has been改为was ().C
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②、For和since的区别 r]e{
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区别一:For 后面使用时间段,since 后面使用时间点 ^A ]4
区别二:Since 只能用在现在完成时态,For 最主要用在现在完成时和一般过去时 uI,*&bP
I has been a teacher for three years. Zr}>>aIJ]k
I has been a teacher since 1996. lO@-*m$
I was a teacher for three years. 这种表达可以,for three years表示一段时间,was 表示过去做了三年,现在不是老师了 (Q{JI~P
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例: Since 1921 the budget of the United States became R&uPoY,f
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the primary responsibility of the president. .\bJ,of9
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分析:A错,应改 In. since一般要求主句用完成时态,而句中谓语动词为过去式,其时间状语应与之呼应,故改Since为In。 B}
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例:Adella Prentiss Hrghes served as manager of l<_v3/3
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the Cleveland Orchestra since fifteen years. <@7j37,R7V
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分析:D错,应改为for。since引导时间状语时,主句谓语动词为一般完成时;主句谓语动词为一般过去时要用介词for;而且一段时间用for, 而不是since。 j Hq+/\
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52. In general, prawns lived in shallow coastal waters or in streams. @Hj]yb5
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自然现象和客观事实用一般现在时态,live 5+GTK)D
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(三) 谓语的语态 '(lsJY[-x
语态主要表示是主动语态还是被动语态。 Q*1Avy6]
有四组动词是改错题中常考的: ;zqxDl_
①、prove 8?~>FLWTXZ
My advice proved to be wrong. 我的建议被证明是错的 i% 0qN
尽管是被证明,但习惯上用主动; ?(s9dS,7wZ
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例:A majority of the reports received from people claiming HmXxM:[4;
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to have seen the legendary Loch Ness Monster have proven to be )m-(- I
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mistakes, misconceptions, or they were being tricked. ddYb=L+_b
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分析:D错,应改为tricks。并列连词 or在此连接名词,如果把D理解为并列句,不仅时态不对,语义也有问题,故将整个句子改为名词。have proven to be是正确的。 a;i}<n7
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②、Locate,Situate $hM9{
这两个词可以用作主动,表示把…放置在…地方;确定…的位置 }m!T~XR</
Bats locate obstacles.蝙蝠确定障碍物的位置 * R&77 o7
这两个词也可以用作被动 5=s|uuw/
My school was located near the river. @&h_+|:-
区分locate的主动和被动比较难,但是有一个技巧存在:locate如果用作主动,后面必须跟宾语 } BP.t$_
例:The center of gravity of the human body ---- behind the hip joint. p,4S?cr>a
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(B)locating %z1hXh#+
(C)to locate f]+.
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(D)is located +SFo2Wdr43
分析:空格处显然缺谓语动词,故首先排除不能作谓语的B和C。动词locate后面没有宾语,所以用作被动,表示“位于”,所以D为正确选项。 Lz-(1~o
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③、表示需要概念的动词 5t-(MY
need, want, require等 $a')i<m^g
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My watch needed repairing *xKY>E+
My watch needed to be repaired. Yu%ZwTvw
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④、表示人的情感的动词 -A8CW9|mk
move, annoy, surprise, please等 ~RM_c
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He is so moving. 他令人感到感动。 _'r&'s;<z
He is greatly moved. 他感到非常感动。 M-f; ,>
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主动和被动技巧总结: 3}?]G8iL?L
如果句子中有一个“过去分词+by”, 如果断定它是谓语的话,前面必然有be动词 5
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例:The Tennessee Valley Authority has chartered by the a/
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United States Congress in 1933 to construct dams, ?F%,d{^
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power structures, and flood-control works along &p^8zE s
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the Tennessee River and its tributary streams. $~.'Tnk)
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分析:A错,应改为has been chartered。由信号词by可知前面的谓语动词为被动语态形式。 eN]9=Y~-K
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四、非谓语动词 Xkb\fR6<K
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(一) 分词 +(|
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现在分词和过去分词的区别 0h~7"qUF@
①、用于句首作状语,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动 EJ`"npU
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例:Won its war for independence in 1783, the United States then ;V\l,
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struggled to establish its own economic and financial system. \B~}s }
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分析:分词作状语,主要看是主动还是被动,美国赢得应该是主动,所以A错,改won为winning W~FM^xR?p
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②、用于名词后面作后置定语,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动 )> |x 2q
例:In the nineteenth century the Mohave Indians lived in aaM76;
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the Northern Hemisphere grew their crops on river bottom lands. _B5vh(.
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分析:B错,生活在什么地方的人,人生活是主动,因此改为living pw5uH
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一些动词后面必须用doing Zw<\^1
对于加doing的词来说,考试中一般出现一个,下面这些词都是要加doing的,请考生牢记。 [=q&5'FY0
mind, finish, enjoy, celebrate, Q
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advocate, suggest 2Ub!wee
delay, quit YA[\|I33
forgive(原谅),tolerate, /f0*NNSat-
avoid, escape(逃避) D
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spend+名词+doing; HXp$\%A)
have trouble/difficult/a problem/ +doing xaG( 3
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例:Long before the dawn of recorded history, humans celebrated to harvest their tlJ@@v&=
A B C D i~0x/wSl_
crops. $vK(Qm
分析:D错,应改为harvesting。及物动词celebrate直接带名词、名词短语或动名词短语作宾语,故将to harvest改为harvesting。 ]n9gnE
g ONybz6]
例:Some experts have advocated to bring that country into the talks, Ufr,6
IX
A B 7`_`V&3s
to revive the intermittent dialogue that began after the 1967 Middle East War. AkE(I16Uy~
C D ?|NMJQsa7
分析:A错,advocate 后面直接跟doing, 改为advocate bringing }s++^uX6
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(二) 不定式 ]oIP;J:&
A. 动词不定式的省略 @&xWd{8'
①、help后面可以省略to =jIP29+
help do !<#,M9
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help sb. to do k|D =Q
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例:A good exercise program helps teach people to avoid &\>. j|
A B G'IRqO*]
the habits that might shorten the lives. ;@$v_i
C D *aaK_=w
分析:D错,应改为their. 定冠词在句中不如代词所有格明确,如果lives后面有定语就可以用the。注意(A)并没有错,help后面可以接不带to的不定式。 gO%oA} !i
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②、使役动词后面要省略to, 这样的动词只有三个 @T@lHc
make, _Qd CV`
let, Bh
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have sb. do sth Mp,aQ0bNS
注意get不是使役动词,get sb. to do sth. 1.IEs:(;
例:A conductor used signals and gestures to let the musicians tLSM]Q
A B '
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to know when to play various parts of a composition. .{,fb
C D kxWcWl8
分析:let是使役动词,后面不需要to, C改为know %2,'x
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③、感官动词 1WUlBr/k
hear, feel, watch, see, notice, observe Wi<g
see sb do sth. 强调过程 kG>m(n
see sb doing sth 正在做某事
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B. 动词不定式的固定用法 T%O2=h\} E
(1)表示第一人 u#)ARCx ,w
the first woman to do sth. 9^g?/8
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(2)表示迫使的动词 V(wANvH
一般考三个, allow/ enable/ call, +sb. + to do 0 HPqoen$
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例:Besides providing clues to the nature of atoms, mineral analysis @FaK/lKK
A B 0P l>k'9
allows to speculate geologists about the ancient Earth. oef]
C D t7 +U!
分析:allow...to do是固定短语,allow的宾语应在不定式之前,即把C改为: allow geologists to speculate。 |"aop|
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(3)表示倾向…的形容词 CfEACH4_
be more likely to do 更有可能作某事 bx:j`5Uj`
be inclined to do倾向于做某事 cceh`s=cU
be lieable to do 易于…的 :wY(</H
be apt to do Nin7AOO
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(4)表示目的的名词, T;sF@?
一共有7个这样的词,这一条也是最重要的。 8;$zD]{D1
固定的句式: &~V6g(9
the purpose , the purpose of sth is to do sth. FJ] ?45
the objective 目标 u[6aSqwC|
aim U
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goal #n.XOet<\
reason理由 pM}n)Q!{3"
function功能 En{<
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intension意图 |h-e+Wh1
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例:The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was providing _rz7)%Y'#$
A A`nzqe#(1
large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior. !@[@&.
B C D YQ`88z
分析:the function to provide, A错 zxC~a97`
q"VC#97`
例:The chief goal of biochemistry is for understanding the structure q.ZkQN+
A Zp+orc7
and behavior of the carbon-containing compounds
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B lyw)4;wt\
that make up various components of a living cell. 8=-#LVo~c
C D l4AXjq2
分析:the chief goal is to understand, A错 %afz{a5
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(5) 其他同根名词 uQ3W =
ability to do 受到be able to 的影响 LfMN 'Cb
attempt to do 企图 vz^=o'
decision to do 决定, 受decide的影响 ntn ~=oL
ambition, 22R
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be ambitious to do QeQxz1
effort
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例:For ancient people, myths were often attempts explanation b
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A B o"g<Vz
catastrophic events such as volcanic eruptions. +<'>~lDg
C D TE-
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分析:B错,应改为to explain。 attempts后应跟动词不定式短语表目的,故将名词explanation改为to explain。 nQ;M@k&9eV
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例:In the early 1960's the Civil Rights movement made great u(~( +1W
A B &"=<w
efforts for registering members of minorities to vote. QURpg/<U
C D %8l
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分析:efforts to register, C错 }*VRj;
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C. 动词不定式的其他用法 HJ!P]X_J1
(1) be to do 表示已安排好或者注定要发生的动作,属于将来时态的范畴 C,,S<=L:
She and Anne are to meet at two o'clock. R2y~+tko?
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(2)不定式的完成式为“to have done”,表示不定式的动作在谓语动作之前发生,这个完成式通常表示一般过去时 <1E5[9
q
I am glad to see you. G`z=qa j
I am glad to have seen your mother yesterday. &'c&B0j
yesterday是一般过去时,修饰have seen. w5q'M
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(3) 形容词后面使用动词不定式,主动表示被动 ,j%f
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It is difficult to decide. M!
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五、句子的结构 h-5] nL3
句子的结构主要考查四个出题方向。 T<U_Iq
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(一) 主语的重复 Duq.`XO
名词+代词+谓语,这个代词永远是重复的主语,永远是错的 *P+8^t#Vp
例:Woodrow Wilson he was an idealist who refused to make any 3 H`ES_JL
A B _nec6=S6(
compromises concerning the establishment of the 0f"la=6
C D **F-#",
League of Nations. E*83N@i
分析:代词he不是同位语,主语重复;如果是下面这样的主语,那么便是主语同位语 kV$VKag*A
A prolific writer, Woodrow Wilson -{Fy@$!
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例:Two unique features of the Arctic they are PB!*&T'!
A B [W=6NAd
lack of precipitation and permanently frozen ground. ig4mj47wJ
C D @<B$LJ|jdG
分析:选项B中的they和前面的主语two unique features重复 X,`e1nsR
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(二)谓语的重复 W"1=K]B
完整的句子后面又多了一个谓语,往往改为定语从句 nh>lDfJV<
k9iB-=X?4s
例:A paragraph is a portion of a text consists of <Y ^)/ s
A B idNg&'
one or more sentences related to the same idea. =7-@&S=?s
C D B{ cb'\C
分析:B错,应改为consisting of或which consists of。句中有两个无法连接的谓语动词,而且前一个谓语动词下面没有划线,故改consists为非谓语动词形式或在它前面加which使之成为从句谓语动词。 %SwhNn
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(三)谓语的缺少 {Zf 9}
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例:Most mammals to maintain a relatively constant body >\Ml\CyL
A B F^X:5g~K
temperature, regardless of what the air temperature might be. ?V4bz2#!1O
C D
~ P!%i9e_
分析:A错,应改为maintain。句中缺谓语动词,故去掉不定式符号to 使maintain变成谓语动词。 ]gDX~]f[
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(四)主句的重复 wQN/MYF[
主句的重复总是考even, instead, during, despite等引导的句子, 但是实际上它们无法把两个句子连接起来,因为它们都是副词或者介词,连接两个句子应该用连接词连接 8o!LgT5
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例:Salmon spend most of their adult lives in salt water, despite EGK7)O'W
A B C 7oZtbBs]M
they return to their freshwater birthplaces to spawn and die. Ll0"<G2t
D ]BY<D`$$P
分析:C错,应改为though。despite是介词,后面一般接名词作宾语,而在句中它后面却跟着一个完整的句子,所以改为连词though。 n{xL1A=9
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例:Solar eclipses occur during the Moon's shadow ^THyo
hK
A B Q ;$NDYV1
sweeps across the face of the Earth. GJn ~x
C D E<L6/
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分析:B错,应改为when或as。介词不能引导条件状语从句,根据题意改为从属连词when或as。 9Vtn62+
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例:Even many early leaders of the United States have provided OjfumZL#
A B 4pZ=CB
+j
names for towns, only George Washington ,w0Io
C 70yM]C^
is remembered in the name of a state. 7r wNjY#
D 0M 5m8
分析:A错,应改为Even though。even为副词,不能引导从句,根据题意,改为引导让步状语从句的Even though。 {}N=pL8MS
六、比较级和最高级 )1o<}7
比较级和最高级的出题非常有规则,一共有5个出题方向,并且每次考试必然考两个 dmk_xBy s|
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(一) 比较级或最高级形式上的重复 ~=Q Tv8
例:The most easiest process for mining gold is panning, which 29r (Y
A |ZJ<N\\h-
involves using a circular dish with a small pocket at the bottom. OmAa$L,'w
B C D ~<q^4w.=7C
分析:A错,应改为easiest。easiest本身已是最高级,不必再用most,这是最高级形式上的重复
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(二)比较级和最高级之间的混用 Rg~F[j$N
例:The greenest and plentifulest leaves are the leaves of grasses. FFpG>+*3
A B C D <^fvTb &*
分析:B错,应改为most plentiful。 plentiful是多音节形容词,须在前面加most构成最高级。 c`xgz#
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例:The more fearsome of all the animals in the Western Hemisphere ^Bu55q
A B C D ,BE4z2a
is the grizzly bear. qotWWe#
分析:A错,应该用最高级most,含有介词of, among, in 表示的范围状语使用最高级。 {`=k$1
; )rXQm
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(三)比较词than的前面一定要有比较级 G'f5MP1
改错题中,通常会看见than前面有一个原级 C] >?YR4
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例:Film directors can take far great liberties in dealing with 2tI ,`pSU
A B <T+{)FV
concepts of time and space than stage directors can. Y[Eq;a132
C D Ucd~-D
分析:B错,应改为greater。根据后面有than一词可以判定前面的形容词用比较级形式,注意far, much 修饰比较级。 ^b^}6L'Z
!?5YXI,
(四)在as…as以及否定not so…as, not as…as的中间使用形容词原级 {
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as sweeter as, 这是不对的,应改为as sweet as /[+%<5s
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(五)the 和比较级最高级的关系 `/JuItL-
①、比较级前面可以出现the, 修饰后面的名词 |ZtNCB5{^j
the taller boy /MZ^;XG
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②、副词的最高级加不加the均可以 njckPpyb@
例:Although flies live longest in cool temperatures, it breed aDda&RM
A B _(F8}s
prolifically when temperatures are warm, food is IQeiT[TF
abundant, and humidity is moderate.
]Gf`nJDV
C D t4Pi <m:7
分析:副词的最高级加不加the均可, 所以A正确,从从句的主语可以看出,B应该改为they ?@CbaX~+K
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2
③、形容词的最高级作定语前面必须使用the, 如果不作定语的话,加不加the均可以 -_ <z_IL\%
例:Of all the Native Americans in the United States, -; *lcY*
A B C -{A*`.[v
the Navajos form largest group. Z7p!YTA
D IR|#]en
分析:D错,应改为form the largest。形容词最高级前面要加定冠词。 3<HZ)w^B
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陷阱1, earliest, 有两种可能, *" +
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一种可能是early的最高级,最早的语言,the earliest language Y`rl
i
另一种可能作名词,表示早期,必须和时间的名词连用,earliest time, earliest ages, 表示很早的年代,很早的时代,也就是说,如果以后碰上earliest后面加上times, ages, 前面不用加the u(i=-PN_<
ZlP+t>
例:The belief in fairies have existed from earliest times, and the literature of many GA;h7
A B C UCJx{7
countries includes tales of fairies and their relationship to humans. ($-m}UF\/
D f$ 7C 5
分析:A错,应改为has existed。主语是单数名词the belief,而不是复数名词fairies,故谓语动词是单数形式。earliest times表示表示很早的时代是正确的。 <iB5&
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陷阱2,如果最高级前面有所有格的话,不用加the FG^lh
例如:my best friends </2 aQn
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例:Salt Lake City, Utah's capital and largest city, is industrial 9g]%}+D
A B C N&