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一九九九年秋季博士生入学考试试题 /<"ok;Pu7
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Part One: Listening Comprehension (25 points) Section A: Spot Dictation gJ^taUE
DiruChons: In this section, you are going to hear a passage. The passage will be read only once. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear on the tape. After the passage, there will be 3-minute pause. During the pause, you must write the words on the Answer Sheet. Now, please get ready. Y+5aT(6O
As we grow up and grow old, our society offers us a sequence of (1) age-related roles, such as schoolchild, apprentice, college student, graduate, spouse, (2) executive, and retiree. Various role opportunities thus open or close to us at (3) point in our passage from the cradle to the grave. In this connection it is (4) to think of society as containing two fluid structures: a structure of ages, and a structure of roles. The (5) refers to the number and proportion of people in different age (6)-, such as infants, the middle¬aged, or the old. The latter refers to the number and types of roles that society makes (7) oqzWL~
such as those of warrior, airline captain, or grandparent. Both the age structure and the role structure of a society are (8) changing. [$#G|> x
Every society has to try to provide appropriate roles for its members, (9) *&hbfsP:
the aged. In a small number of societies where (10) are very oc#hAjB.
limited, there arc few roles for the old to play, and they may be (11) from 2rb@Md]dx
the community to die. The Eskimo, for example, (12) left %AmyT
unproductive older members to perish in the snow, and (13) today the I3: T 2Yc` +
of Uganda leave the old and the infum to (14) to death. In most traditional societies, however, the aged are accorded an (15) role, so much so that people may took forward to old age. The old typically live out their lives in a large (16) family containing children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren Their life-long (17) makes them the repository of wisdom in the community, on subjects ranging from folklore to religion to (18) . Old men typically wield great political power as treads of families, and the aged of both sexes are usually (19) to remain active in the community and to perform some forms of light labor until (2.0) old age. &=XK:+
Section B: Multiple Choice _hMFmI=r[
In this section, you will hear a passage. At the earl of the. passage, you R7l he& 5 gtxatiores. The passage and the qucahon wtjl be read only once. After each quesfan, thane will be a prose. Dwift the pauee, you must read the four wed moms mated A, B, C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then Write your choice on the AnsaW Sheet. RiFUa
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21. A) Doctor Kapbn. 6h0}ZM
B) A university technician. C) A lab instmtor. Qj$w7*U
D) A specialist in science. 22 A) At the beginning. 0%)T]
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B) In the mid(Oe. C) Near the end D) During the find exam. dN7.W
23. A) To expisin the purpose of having lab experiences. B) To stress the brvartance of safety procedures. C) To tell them where to buy safety equipment. }Kn
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D) To help them to understand their lab results. YOUB%N9+
24. A) An innovative scientist cannot take normal precautions while performing experiments. h\Q@zR*0a
B) An irwrntor must be Billing to make some painful personal sacrifices to achieve his or her goals. wuM'M<J@
C) Precautionary measures must be followed in all laboratory work to crnsure one's safety and health. HJP~
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D) Chemists with personal problems should never use toxic subslanccs. 25. A) Leave the room. . X~SNkM
B) Hand in their lab notebooks. _ {6l}
C) Go to Professor Kaplan's office. D) Work on an experiment. B#cN'1c
Section C: Question and Answer ]&dPY[~,/i
directions: In this section, you w-l hear a passage. The passage %vitl be read ordy anc:,. Then try to answer the follo%ing 5 questions. Remember you should write your anssvm on the Answer Sheet. {'z$5<|
26. What would a man do when a woman got onto a crowded bus in the past'? 27. What does a roan do toda),? 0Ue~dVrM(?
28. What, according to the author, is the cause of this change? 29. What will a girl insist on sa)ing if she is taken out for a meal? 30. What have men given up nowadays? IW-|"5?9'
Part II Vocabulary (20 points) m]H]0T
Directions: In each question, decide which of the choices given will most suitably complete the sentences if inserted at the place marked. Write your choices on the Answer Sheet. *adznd
3I. The secretary was harshly——by her boss for misplacing some important files. #=;vg
A) rebuked B) teased USS%T<Vk
C) washed D) accused E0yx
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32.The jet airliner has ——from the Wright brothers’ small airplane. o8v,178
A) involved B) evolved \9uK^oS
' C) devolved D) revolved `uZMln @
33. Chinese products enjoy high international prestige because of their , quality. Tu5p`p3-j
A) indistinctive B) indisputable !IA\c(c^
C) indispensable D) indistinguishable \CVHtV
34. This can something that the students may not have comprehended in YD0hDp
English. v M"bG(a(6:
A) signify B) specify 7(a1@
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C) clarify D) testify #dD0vYT&od
35.1 must you on your handling of a very difficult situation. WuFBt=%
A) meditate B) complement #TC}paIpj
C) elaborate D) compliment cc:$$_'L
36. I've had my car examined three times now but no mechanic has been able to the problem. t`R{N1
A) deduce B) notify Q'JK *.l
C) highlight D) pinpoint Y_EEnx&>
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37. Architectural pressure groups fought unsuccessfully to save a terrace of eighteenth century houses from _ .N@+Ms3
A) abolition B) demolition ,D]g]#Lq
C) disruption D) dismantling SM2N3"\
38.Having decided to rent a flat, we____ contacting all the accommodation dt, qvK/}
agencies in the city.
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A) set out B) set to )rt%.`
C) set about D) set off G%AO%II
39. The police decided to the department store after they lmd received a bomb warning. 8lGM
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A) evict B) expel +6
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C) abandon D) evacuate KfYU.Q
40. If the work-force respected you, you wouldn't need to your authority so often, OK8Ho"
A) affirm B) restrain S' kgpF"bm
C) assert D) maintain dUt4]
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41. Miss Rosemary Adang went through the composition carefully to all errors from it. ",J&UTUh
A) eliminate B) terminate G%;>_E
C) illuminate D) alleviate =QbOvIq
42. Several months previously, the workers had petitioned the company for a 25 percent wage increase and of stricter safety regulations. QKB+mjMH#x
A) implement B) endowment UcOP 0_/
C) enforcement D) engagement >u(^v@Ejf
43. The rebel army __ the democratic government of the, country lawlessly. _q4O2Fx0
A) overthrew B) overtook 5pe)
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C) overturned D) overruled |iX>hJSl
44. Judges are ____increasingly heavy fines for minor driving offences D}lqd Ja
A). i 18 B) demanding cz/cY:o)
C) imparting D) imposing ~> k ,+,,W
45. The of all kinds of necessary goods was caused by natural calamity. vmrs(k "d#
A) variety B) scarcity -m=A1~|7
C) solidarity D) commodity REE.8_
46. It is essential to be on the for any signs of movement in the undergrowth 1iLo$
since there are poisonous snakes in the area. ?[m1?
A) guard B) care F[yofRN
C) alert D) alarm +6P[TqR
47. She took up so many hobbies when she retired that she had hardly any time =E%@8ZbK
A) in hand B) at hand fpf,gb8[$n
C) on her hands D) at her hand LjE3|+pJ
48. Working with the mentally handicapped requires considerable -`_ of patience; and understanding.
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A) means B) stocks _cWuRvY
C) provisions D) resources ,f>9oOqqA
49. He still suffers from a rare t2-opical disease which he -,. while working to Africa. Fpn*]x
A) infected B) incurred N{Z+
C contracted D) infested 4:NMZ `~
50. Giving up smoking is just one of the ways to heart diseases. N\B&|;-V
A) ward off C) push off V
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B) put off D) throw off M'<% d[
51. There is no_______for hard work and perseverance of you want to succeed. Z'y &11
. A) alteration B) equivalent oxN5:)
C) alternative D)substitute [BJzZ>cY
52. What the film company needs is a actor who can take on any kinds of roles. ;<Hk Cd
A) diverse B) versatile )1M2}11uS
C) variable D) changeable G"J
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53. With their modern, lightweight boat, they soon the older vessels in the race. !37I2*+4
A) overran B) exceeded df@N V Ld
C) outstripped D) caught up ?2~fvMWu
54. Research suggests that, heavy penalties do not act as a to potential criminals. . IJ2'
A) deterrent B) prevention (XmmbAbVom
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C) safeguard D) distraction DMG'8\5C
55. There has been so much media of the coming election that people have got bored with it. )AkBo
A) circulation B) concern >zX^*T#
C) broadcasting D) coverage v/rBjUc+X
56. You've done more of the work than I have recently so I'll give up my day off' in \L~^c1s3r
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A) offset B)redress
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C)herald D) compensate b:hta\%/2
with the usual formalities since we all know each other
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57. I think we can______with the usual formalities since we all know each other already. qm><}N7f
A) dispose B) dispatch 3\j`
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C) dispense D) discharge :FS5BT$=
58. He joined a computer dating scheme but so far it hasn't a suitable patter. 9AhA"+?
A) come by B) some across "Ux(nt
C) come up with D) come round to 7,p.M)t)
59. Have you thought what the _ might be if you didn't win your case in court? Lr:n
A) applications B) connotations z/4<x?}+hE
C) implications D) complications W;7$
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64. I thought 1 saw water in the distance but it must have been an optical M KW~rrR
A) perception B) delusion yXDjM2oR/2
C) illusion D) deception WJONk_WAc
61. He was intensely_____ by the way the shop assistant spoke to him. B<r0y
A) intervened C) injected \ .
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B) irritated }B7Txo,Z
D) insulated o[_,r]%+D
62. The people who were _ hurt in the accident were taken to the only hospital in the immediate_________ TIiYic!_~
A) vicinity B) mobility o c]
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C) velocity D) integrity _"Ym]y28li
63. With all his experience abroad he was a major to the company. e16H@
A) attendant B) asset k-n`R)p:
C) attachment D) attribute vb>F)po1}
64. Don't thank me for helping in the garden. It was pleasure to be working out of doors. Yl&[_
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A) mere B) sheer w%qn
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C) plain D) simple v.8kGF
65. The peace of the public library was by the sound of a transistor radio. ]j:k!=Ss?
A) shuttered "B) shattered 2qE_SSXn
C) smashed D) fractured
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66. It is doubtless that those who wish to succeed should be 2c[HA
A) aggressive B) possessive I ]o|mjvs
C) cooperative D) conventional tKUW
67. The damp and cold weather had painfully the patient's rheumatism. [Lje?M* r
A) activated B)aggregated {0F/6GwUC
C) aggravated D) accelerated &PV%=/-J
68.1 utterly your argument. In my opinion, you have distorted the facts. a+lNXlh=
A) dispute B) refute |g}r
C) confound D) decline ;
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69.1 think you will find that the inconvenience of the diet is by the benefits. Ix_w.f=8
A) out looked B) outranked ,}W|cm>
C) outfought D) outweighed ?m~1b_@A{
70. A good friend is one who will you when you arc in trouble.
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A) stand for B) stand by t|oIzjKE/
C) stand up to D) stand over $t& o(]m
Part III. Reading Comprehension (30 paints) ;Ngk"5
Directions There are 6 passages in this pail. Each Passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. Each question or unfinished statement is given four suggested answers marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the one best answer and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. S+.>{0!S"
Passage One |X1axRO
Some of the earliest diamonds known came from India. In the eighteenth century they were found in Brazil, and in 1866, huge deposits were found near Kimberley in South Africa. Though evidence of extensive diamond deposits has recently, been found in South Africa, the continent of Africa still produces nearly all the world's supply of these stones. )=gU~UV
The most valuable diamonds are large, individual crystals of pure crystal lint carbon. Less perfect forms, known as 'boars' and 'carbonado' arc clusters of tiny crystals. Until diamonds are cut and polished, they do not sparkle lice those you sec on a ring--they just look like small, blue-grey stones. BhAT@%
In a rather crude form the cutting and polishing of precious stones was an art known to the Ancient Egyptians, and in the Middle Ages it became 1Lidcspread iii north-west Europe. However, a revolutionary change in the methods of cutting and polishing was made in 1476 when Ludwig Van Berquen of Bruges in Belgium invented the use of a swiftly revolving wheel with its edge faced with fine diamond powder. The name 'boast' is given to this fine powder as well as the natural crystalline material already mentioned. It is also gimp to badly flawed or broken diamond crystals, useless as jewels, that are broken into powder for grinding purposes, the so-called `industrial' diamonds. |$IL:W6
Diamond itself is the only material hard enough to cut and polish diamonds--though recently, high-intensity light beams called lasers have been developed which can bore holes in them. It may be necessary to split or cleave the large stones before they arc cut and polished. Every diamond has a natural line of cleavage, along which it may be split by a sharp blow with a cutting edge. ENqZ=Lyq
A fully cut 'brilliant' diamond has 58 facets, or faces, regularly arranged. For cutting or faceting, the stones arc fixed into copper holders and held against a wheel, edged with a mixture of Oil and fine diamond dust, which is revolved at about 2,500 revolutions a minute. Amsterdam and Antwerp, in Holland and Belgium respectively, have been the centre of the diamond cutting and polishing industry for over seven centuries. Kh=\YN\E<
The jewel value of brilliant diamonds depends greatly on their colour, or `water' as it is called. The usual colours of diamonds are white, yellow, brown, green or blue- 'vtJl
Surrounding rocks and take on their color. thus black ,red and even bright pink diamonds have occasionally been found. ;&|I/MVm
The trade in diamonds Is not only in the valuable gem stones but also in the industrial diamonds mentioned above. Zaire produces 70% of such stones. They are fixed into the rock drills used in mining and civil engineering, also for edging band saws for cutting stone. Diamond-faced tools are used for cutting and drilling glass and fine porcelain and for dentists' drills. They are used as bearings in watches and other finely balanced instruments. Perhaps you own some diamonds without knowing it--in your wristwatch! H~JgZ pw
71. 'Carbonado' is the name given to A) only the very best diamonds B) lumps of pure carbon khR[8j..
C) Spanish diamonds ) P9]/y
D) diamonds made up of many small crystals pe,y'w{
72. The art of cutting and polishing precious stones remained crude until A) the fourteenth century S)ipkuj X
B) the fifteenth century ehB'@_y
C) the sixteenth century p8j4Tc5tQ>
D) the seventeenth century NL|c
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73. During faceting, diamonds are held in copper holders 71E~~ $
A) to facilitate accurate cutting $'>iNMtK{p
B) to make them shine more brilliantly #w5%^HwO
C) so that they can revolve more easily I&i6-xp
D) as a steel holder might damage the diamond l%Ke>9C
74. The value order of `water' in diamond, _ !!ZGNZ_
A) is more important than their colour QPp31o.!5
B) ranges from blue-white upwards
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C) ranges from blue-white downwards $D65&R
D) has never been reliably established JDa_;bqL
75. Industrial diamonds are used E[ -yfP~[
A) for a wide range of purposes uIO?4\s&G
B) mainly for dentists' drills y"Fu=
C) for decoration in rings and watches !Y|xu07
D) principally in mass-produced jewellery 7Cz=;
Passage Two DsxNg
Just about everyone knows the meaning of `value" though you'd never know it from the excesses of the Eighties. Clever campaigns often allowed marketers to charge more for their product and reap ever-higher profits. It worked like a dream until suddenly, facing difficult economic times, consumers work up. v0&D