二OO一年春季博士生入学考试试题 Njs'v;-K
(Time: 180 minutes) 6am<V]Hw0F
序号：A145 试题名称：英语 N1'$;9 c
Part L Listening Comprehension ( 25％) ks<+gL{K|i
Section A: Spot Dictation dxF)) Z
Directions: In this section, you are going to hear a passage. The passage will he read only once. As you listen to the passage, fill in the blanks with the words you hear. After the passage, there will be a 3-minute pause. During the pause, you must write the words on the Answer Sheet. ~@ K!>j
A recent university research project investigated the attitudes of postgraduate science students (1) ——the learning of English vocabulary. The results were urprising. I'll (2) ——three of them. +K"d\<
firstly, most of the stcrdeaats think that (3)—— every word ill English has just one meaning. This is, of course:, completely (4) ——¬to the facts. A glance at any English dictionary will show this. The student will (5) ——find seven or eight meanings listed for (6) ——'simple' words. Iz I
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Whv, then, have these students made such a mistake:' One reason irnay be that they're .ill (7) ——. students. Scientists try to use words ill their special subject which have one meaning, and one meaning only. Another reason., of course,could be the way in WhiCh these Student, Were They may have used vocabulary lists when they first learner! L:nglish. (M one side of the page is the word in Iaaglish-, on the other sloe, a single \ti'ord in the (Q) native language. Yf x'7gj
'l°he second attitude that (10) from the findings is
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equally mistaken. (11) ..,..... __~ ..~ .~ all the students think that every word in English has an exact (12) -._ ._ equivalent. Again, this is far from the trijth. Sometimes one word in Iinglish can only be translated by a (13) _... _.....~ W_. in the student's native languial c. "there are other (l4) DX8pd5 U
ill translation which we won't mention here. (:ertainly the idea of a one word for one word translation (15) _ ...~ _-._. is completely false. Translation machines, which tried to work on this (16} +L#Q3}=s
failed completely. Z~ DR,:
The third result'of the investigation showed another (17) in the students' thinking. They believe that as soon as they know the meaning of a word, they're in a (18) ____ to use it correctly. This is untrue for any language but is perhaps particularly (19) -- for English. The student has to learn when to use a word as well as to know what it means. Some words in English mean almost the same but they can only be used in certain situations. rs:a^W5t
What, then, is the best way to increase one's vocabulary? This can be answered in three words-observation, (20) -~. . and repetition. hSSFmEpr
Section B: Multiple Choice ~.8p8\H
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage. At the end of the passage, you will hear S questions. The passage and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D and decide which is the best answer. Then write your choice on the Answer Slicet. + Scw;gO
21. A) It had no efFect on living cells. 13) It had effects on living cells. C) It had effects only on children. I)) It had effects only on adults. R}\n @ X*
22. A) An increasing number of cancers in children. & 13#/
I3) A link between an electric current and the energy fold. ^es/xt
C) A causal link between the power-line or device and the energy field. F]^ZdJ2
1)) A Small increased chance ofcancer in children living near electric power-line. $r
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23. A) 446. 13) 464. C ) 223. 1))234. W=
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24. A) Because he doesn't have enough evidence. kY`L[1G$
R) Because other scientists have not studied his results yet. C.) Because he discovered no direct link between disease and electricity. x)^t5"F
D) Because the link between cancer and electricity has not yet been CqbPUcK
proved. ##qs{s^ ]
25. A) Health and environment. .wz.Jr`{
B) Electric current and the energy field. C) Electricity and cancer. uY Y{ M`
D) Electrical workers and cancer. e h} {\P
Section C: Question and Answer haIH `S Y
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage. The passage will be read only once. Then try to answer the following questions according to what you have heard. Remember you should write your answer on the Answer Sheet. P+[\9G g
26. Why aren't most new doctors interested in beginning work in a small town? <GRrw
27. Why do many small town doctors work long hours? 28. What is the growing problem in the United States? 29. How many new doctors did the National Health Service Corps produce in 1979? rP 7f~"L
30. Whom did a hospital in Parkersprary offer a reward o
