文字北京考博英语辅导班讲义--1
P&@ [ j0 5 Pl~ du 英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组
NQ(}rr'. 一、政治类：
R 7 *ek_ 把…捐给慈善机构 donate …to charities
b,#E.%SLw 把…看成社会公敌 look upon … as a threat to society
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Gj:3 把…列为基本国策 list…..as fundamental national policies
UPkD^D, 把…作为指导 take… as the guide
y 3O Nn~k 把理论和实际结合起来 integrate theory with practice …
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H 把握大局 grasp the overall situation
:i6k6= 摆脱贫穷落后 get rid of poverty and backwardness
$yx34= 保护妇女权利不受侵犯 guarantee (protect) women’s rights against infringement
6uijxia 采取各种措施 adopt various measures
}[<eg>9# 参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs
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%Fh 充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength
E*Q><UU 打破僵局 break the deadlock
"kjjq~l 打破禁区 break off a forbidden zone
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o;&_QS 得出结论 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion
^Q?I8 ,4} 锻造一支人民军队 forge a people’s army
THmX=K4=? 对…具有深远的影响 have a far-reaching impact on
TvWhy`RQ 对…做出重要(巨大)贡献 make important (great, major )contributions to
hsQrHs'k 反对各种形式的恐怖主义 be opposed to all forms of terrorism
$ W8 反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government
nD+vMG1~w 高举伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner
O>Nop5#o 给…带来机遇和挑战 present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to
8P 3EQ Y - 根除 (防止,消除) root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption
N3nk\ )V\E 观察当今世界 observe the present-day world
WbS 2w @ 8 缓和紧张状况 ease the tension
rY>{L6d 回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle
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m`Sl[6 加快改革步伐 accelerate the speed of reform
.JpYZ | 加强舆论监督 ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
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坚持改革开放政策 adhere to the reform and open policy
G2k r~FG 坚持统一，反对分裂， persist in reunification, oppose separation,
f#l/N%VoBZ 增加了解，化解歧见increase understanding and iron out differences }
6!i0ioZzi0 减轻农民负担 alleviate farmer’s burden
( *%+!PS 解放思想 emancipate our minds
,h1r6&MEY 解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing
I ,AI$A 解决新问题 resolve new problems
sf?D 4UdIH 进入世界先进行列 edge into the advanced ranks in the world
1C=}4^Pu 进入新时期 enter a new period
Ah &D5,3 进行和谈 hold peace talks
7fl'nCo\" 进行战略性调整 make strategic readjustment
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GJ"##< 就…接受妥协 accept a compromise on
=5LtEgHU 开发西部 remake the west
$<]y.nr|CX 开始生效 go into effect (enter into force)
A"C%.InZ 开拓前进 open up new ways forward
7BF't!-2F 科教兴国 rejuvenate our country through science and education
9\Mesf1$o 理顺关系 rationalize the relationship
q[b-vTzI 履行权利和义务 perform the responsibilities and obligations
L"tj DAV 迈出重要的一步 make an important step
$RKd@5XP 热爱和平 love peace
c CU'~ 深化改革 deepen the reform
:M ix*NCf 审时度势 size up the situation \
ZH`6>: 实现发展繁荣 bring about development and prosperity
H U$:x"AW 实现民族独立 realize national independence
!HqIi@>8 实现夙愿 fulfill the long-cherished wishes
$&k2m^R< 实现小康目标 achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life
E] t:_v 实现中华民族伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
+]CKu$,8 实行新政策 practice new policies
r Ed r8qw 受到全世界广泛关注 attract extensive attention worldwide
_QBd3B % 缩小差别 bridge (narrow) the gap
bg_Zf7{ 完成中华民族的振兴大业 implement the revitalization of our nation
{*t'h?b 维护世界和平 maintain world peace
h:# 吸收各国文明的先进成果 absorb what is advanced in other civilizations
9T|7edl 下放权力给 delegate the management of ... (to ...)
*xU^ e` P 响应号召 respond to the call
F>n <;< 修改法律 amend the laws
GMgsM6.R 宣布…召开 announce the opening of
\D , 0 徇私枉法 bend the law for the benefit of relatives or friends
:'I mz 依法治国 govern the country according to law
<pYGcVB9V 引起全国的关注 arouse the concern of the whole nation
qJ" dkT* 引起全世界广泛关注 attract extensive attention worldwide
W3*WR,z 赢得一个又一个胜利 win one victory after another
( rZq0* 在…中起(至关)重要作用 play a major (crucial, an important ) role in
DWk'6;e4j 增强凝聚力 enhance the rally power
[JMz~~ F 增强综合国力和国际竞争 enhance comprehensive (overall) national strength and international competitiveness
8,dCx}X 展望伟大征程 look into the great journey
yql+N[ 展现生机和活力 display one’s vigor and vitality
}[D~#Z!k 战胜无数的困难 overcome numerous difficulties
v]U[7 j 振兴西部 revive the west
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~U&a9&Z 振兴中华民族 rejuvenate (revitalize) our nation
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s#0Gee 政企不分 mix up the functions of the government and enterprises
[ "J 政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management
]4 uIb+(S 政务公开 make government affairs public
4(u+YW GX 主张各国政府采取行动 urge governments of all countries to take action
?@_3B]Fs 抓住机遇 seize the opportunity
6=A ++H @ 转变政府职能 transform (shift) the government functions
N[aK#o, 追求进步 pursue progress
kX[I|Z= 追求真理 seek the truth I
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走进新时代 march (stride) into the new era.
rS(693kb 遵纪守法、廉洁奉公 observe the relevant code of conduct and the law and honestly perform one's official duties
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;`t 遵循规则 follow the principles
JsfbY^wz s'~_pP http://www.freekaobo.com北京英语考博辅导班－－2
*1; <xeVD 1/a*8 vuGh 二、经济类
KMoRMCT 爱岗敬业 cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work
Y/gVyQ( 保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy
<Er|s^C 保持国有股 keep the State-held shares
@f*/V e0. 保证下岗职工的基本生活 guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers
"-ZuH 被指控接受贿赂 be accused of accepting bribes
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采取不同的办法 adopt various methods Lv1
C/!2q$ 采取反垄断措施 take anti-monopoly measures
<0R?#^XBZB 承担风险 bear (take) risk
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筹集足够的资金 raise enough funds (capital, proceeds)
/Pg66H#RUf 创收外汇 earn foreign exchange (currency)
C@]Z&H; 刺激国内经济需求 spur domestic demand
q3s cz 刺激国内需求 stimulate domestic demand
er l_Gg 从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy
)vuxy 从国外引进先进技术和管理 introduce from abroad the advanced technology and
[|k@Suv |z 经验 management expertise
oh& P Q{ 促进地区间的合作 promote regional cooperation
'ky'GzX, 促进改革 promote reform
H1hj` '\"< 促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
\8_&@uLm 打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering
] MUuz'< 打假 take strong measures against fake and shoddy products (crack down on counterfeit goods)
3ufUB^@4v 打破垄断 break the monopoly
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对…提出控告(投诉) lodge complaints against…
G9Xrwk<g4 对…造成(构成)威胁 form (pose) a threat to…
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U2q 夺回失去的市场 take back lost market
-fG;`N5U 发挥自身优势 give full play to one’s advantages
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~XkU 防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce financial risks
uiDR} 改善投资环境 improve the environment for investment
#MOEY |6 赶超先进 surpass the advanced
61!R - 给…带来积极影响 bring a more positive impact on…
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"o 根据市场作出调整 gear ourselves to the market orientation ma
+uv]dD *i 公证财产 notarize the properties
RUO,tB|(_; 和…达成(签订)协议 reach (sign) an agreement with
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和…进一步合作 further cooperation with
SB eb}LZ 和…有合作关系 have cooperative ties with
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=_ 活跃市场 enliven the market
%3z-^#B= 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development
_E&*JX 计算出准确的工资水平 figure out an exact salary level
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DH&3W 加快经济发展和结构调整 speed up economic development and restructuring
/Pi{Mv eZM 加快竞争步伐 accelerate the competition
m ./lrz 加快努力 speed up efforts
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6d3b 加强风险防范 prepare oneself against possible risks
d;;]+% 加强管理 reinforce the management
3{]i| 1&j 减轻…的负担 reduce (lighten) the burden of (on)
r+ v*(Tu 减员增效 downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency
I&R4.;LW 剪彩 cut the ribbon
O1rnF3 Be 解除劳动关系 sever labor relation
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,OrO\ 解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces (free the productivity)
rJ9a @n, 精简机构 streamline government organs
<\2,7K{{+; 举报非法行为 disclose any illegal activities
X^fMt] 开辟更多渠道 open more channels
F/& Z1G. 开发(青睐)中国市场 tap (favor) the Chinese market
n1.]5c3p 开拓市场 exploit markets
X#gZgz =' 控制通货膨胀 control inflation (keep inflation under control)
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vc Z 扩大贫富差距 widen the gap between the rich and the poor
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J vA 扩大消费市场 expand consumption market
Zp l?zI 留职停薪 retain the job but suspend the salary
vL\wA_z"<H 面对可能的压力和竞争 face possible pressure and competition
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I< 牟取暴利 seek excessive profits
4vp,izN W 平衡经济(的发展) balance economy )
WR gAc% 取缔非法收入 ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings)
/Q})%j1S0 让…处于同一起跑线 put… on the same platform and at the same starting point
Yz \z
Qj 让位于竞争需要 give way to the need for competition
B.Ic8' 实现目标 realize the goal
rk G*0#k 适应…的发展 adapt oneself to the development of
sq j8c)6 损失惨重 suffer great losses
h^?[:XBeav 缩小不平衡状态 decrease the imbalance
]0V~ |<0c 缩小…间的距离 narrow the gap between
6&$z!60 提高公务员工资 raise the salaries of civil servants
@M:j~ 提高管理水平 raise the management level
zrD$loaW.' 提高居民生活 improve residents’ standard of living
9V[ |_ 调整产业结构 adjust the industrial structure
rsOon2| 推广科研成果 turn laboratory achievements into commercial (mass) production (commercialize laboratory achievements)
s)]i0+! 退还大量钱款 give back an amount of money
y<8)mw 脱贫致富 cast (shake, throw) off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity
j}#48{ 完善服务 perfect services
:7@" E
W 为…带来多种经济和社会效益 bring multiple economic and social benefits to…
H iILJyb 为…提供巨大商机 present huge business opportunities
o/2\8 吸收游资 absorb idle fund
J$j&j` 吸引外商投资 attract foreign investment
bx!Sy0PUJ 下海 plunge into the commercial sea
Y}(v[QGV 陷入困境 land oneself in deep trouble
?U iwr{Q 向…投资巨额资金 invest huge amounts of money into
8!4=j 消灭假冒伪劣产品 wipe out fake products
DUM,dFIlvF 以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction
Ep.,2H 以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of quality
4Y Xtl +G 优胜劣汰 select the superior and eliminate the inferior
y? )v-YGu 优先发展公共运输 give priority to the development of public transportation
-TjYQ 有巨大潜力 have huge potential for
KaBze67<| 与国际市场接轨 integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market ';HIP
wvp\'* $ 在…建立分公司 set up branches in
M5 : f ^ 造成很大压力 pose a big pressure on
'g|%Ro/ 造成损失 cause a loss to
Ej F< lw 增加农业投入 invest more in agriculture ]
vXq=f:y4 占领市场10% occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market
:_p3nb[r 招商引资 attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas)
<@A/`3_O) 制订…法律 make a law of TS : Cd
j<R,}nmD3\ 制定优惠政策 work out favorable policy
D$Y Ai% *H 制造假象 create smoke screens to do
|\XjA4j 阻碍…的经济发展 handicap (hamper) the economic development
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G>YJ3p7 遵循市场经济的规律 follow the law of market economy
V%<<Udu< 三、文化生活类
^ Gq2"rDM 把…列为世界自然文化遗产 list …as a world natural heritage site
aVz<RS 摆架子(摆谱儿) put on airs (show off, keep up appearances)
VahR nD 保护文化遗产 protect cultural heritage (relics)
- EF(J 博采各国文化之长 draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries
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不注重历史 neglect history
=c(_$|0 采取保护态度 take protective attitude
Q7N4@w;e 承担应有的义务 undertake the due obligations
ig")bt3s5 承前启后，继往开来 build on the past and prepare for the future, inherit the past
6pLB`1[v and usher in the future
o~NeS|a 充分发挥知识分子的积极性 give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals
?" {+m 和创造性
_-o*3gmbQ 触击现行法律的盲区 touch a blank area of the existing law
>QE^KtZ 创建卫生城市 build a nationally advanced clean city
i\3BA"ZX 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old
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pb0 year and ring in the new)
\xDu#/ ^ 从事电子商务工作 conduct e-commerce
Eh!%Ne O 促进儿童身心健康发展 promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally
IywovN Tr 促进交流 promote the communication
6lT1X) 促进文化市场健康发展 facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products
MeQ(,irr^ 促进相互了解 enhance (further) mutual understanding
)@]-bPnv 得到群众的广泛支持 enjoy grass-root support
(PsA [>F 抵住…的诱惑 resist the temptation of
}ebw1G 对…持欢迎态度 take a welcoming attitude to
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.& 6J/ 对…情有独钟 show special preference (favor) to
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yd 发挥…的聪明才智 develop one’s own talents and wisdom
iV'-j,-i 发挥潜力 tap one’s potential
(pi7TS J 繁荣文学艺术 enable literature and art to flourish promote flourishing literature and art
F#X\}MvE U 反映中国的灿烂文化 reflect the rich culture of China
.7ahz8v 放下架子 relinquish haughty airs (get off one’s high horse, throw off one’s airs)
z6Su` 腐蚀人的灵魂 poison one’s mind
4 3]6J]!) 改进教学 improve teaching and learning ?
6Wc eDY 给学生减负 alleviate the burden on students
II>X6 和…持相同观点 share views similar to
'3+S5p8 互派访问学者 exchange visiting scholars
D.*JG7;=Z 激发旅游热情 stimulate enthusiasm for traveling
oYJ&BPuA' 继承历史文化优秀传统 carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions
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加强文化基础设施建设 build more cultural establishments
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讲诚信，反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating
2<ef&?ljk 交换意见 exchange views (ideas, opinions)
1 _5[5K^ 教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people
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?nB 经受住暴风雨的考验 weather the storm
'kH#QO\(e" 精心编写教材 compile the textbooks with great care
}-r"W7]k 净化因特网 purify the Net
yA%[ u.{ 举办文化节(展览会) hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals (an exhibition)
&cpRB&bf 举行学术会议 hold an academic meeting
Q96g7[ 开创假日经济 initiate Holiday Economy
Uw E^ij 开发潜力 exploit one’s potential
z h/+1 开阔视野 widen one’s vision (horizon)
J,7_5V@jJ 开设课程 offer courses
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^ 开展对外文化交流 conduct cultural exchange with other countries
>$R-:>~zN 开展群众性文化活动 carry out mass activities on culture
K9w24Oka 攀登事业的高峰 climb one’s career ladder
!^8'LMY<I 评估学业成绩 evaluate academic scores (achievements)
!kV?h5@Bo 破除迷信 eradicate superstition ¬
9 z3Iwl 普及九年制义务教育 make nine-year compulsory education universal
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\9 普及科普知识，传播科学 popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread
mY`b|cS3p$ 思想，倡导科学精神 scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit
.Bi7~*N 启发学生 enlighten the students
ImF/RKI~ " 容纳三千名旅客 accommodate 3000 passengers
V KR6 i 扫除文盲 eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy
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上网 get on (have access to, be wired to) Internet
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y& L, 实施以德育为核心、以创新 carry on the quality education centering on moral education
PMr vUM 62 精神和实践能力为重点的 and emphasizing creativity and practice
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gJy xQ 素质教育
O]~p)E 使英语达到更高水平 push one’s English to a higher level
w6wXe_N+M 受到…的关注 receive attention from
ol:_2G2xQ 疏导游客 divert tourists
E3gQ`+wNg? 疏通关系 lubricate relationships
Xt7uCs 树立企业良好形象 foster a good and healthy company image
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[D 刷卡, 划卡 punch the card; stamp the card
}RyYzm2 陶冶情操 cultivate one’s taste (temperament)
E4{^[=} 提倡文明的生活方式 advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life)
^T<<F}@q 提高公务员的综合素质 improve the overall quality of civil servants
_Y~+ #Vc 提高全民反毒品的意识 raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs
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Ej 提高知名度 raise one’s prestige
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P"xP%zqo 通过资格考试 pass qualification examinations
:_?>3c}L 透过现象看本质 see through the appearance to perceive the essence
Y)!5Z.K 推动人类文明进步 push forward human civilization
t=yM}#
r$ 挖墙脚 undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under sb’s feet)
+q =/}| 物质文明,精神文明一起抓 pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural (ethical) progress
cy}2~w&s4 相互促进 help each other forward
RQh4RUm 向世界展示中国文化建设 introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to vot
c5t?S@b 的成就 the world
K(Cv9YQ 向学生传授知识 impart knowledge to students
$I tehy 消除误解 clear up misunderstanding
k'S/nF
A 消除愚昧 eliminate ignorance
!J+5l& 形成文明、健康、崇尚科学 form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice
J M!o(zbt \
6sp"KqP 的社会风尚
0 _%u(? 以全新的面貌进入新世纪 enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look
FfP Ce5) 因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
g E:qMs; 引起激烈争论 spark a hot debate
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1 营造良好的文化环境 create a healthy cultural environment
c"fnTJXr79 影响身心健康 affect physical and psychological health
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Q 有力地推动教育的发展 give a big push to the development of education
-,p(PK 与各国人民交往 communicate with people of all countries
\f%jN1z 增强自我保护意识 strengthen one’s awareness of protecting one’s right
IF@)L>-% 找工作 hunt for a job
i"zWv@1z 值得重视(关注) deserve one’s attention
]X{LZ Yk 制止盗版软件 control the pirated software
s_VP(Fe@K 重视(优先考虑)教育发展 give priority to the development of education
=cg 0o_q8 重视实用性 place stress on practicality
,qt9S0 QS 尊重知识，尊重人才 respect knowledge and respect competent people
&|55:Y87 :3u>% 四、科技环保类
Xg c@cwd 帮助减缓全球变暖速度 help slow down the pace of global warming
j@Z4(X L 保持生态平衡 keep ecological balance
mVW:]|!s 保持水土 preserve soil and water
7pmhH%Dn$ 保护和改善生活和生态环境 protect and improve the living environment and the
ZOfyy E 保护珍稀野生动植物 protect rare wild animals and plants
e=TB/W_ 保留为自然耕地 reserve as natural farmland
kW5 g]Q 采用环保技术 adopt environmental protection technique
tec CU[O 采用新的开采方法 apply new exploitation methods
PJS\> N&u 参加城市重建 participate in the reconstruction of the city
IIs'm!"Y> 参加环保运动 take part in environmental protection activities
g!cTG-bh>J 产生巨大的水文效应 produce great hydrological effects
(q"Nt_y 崇尚绿色生活方式 pursue a “green” life
j8L! miv6 创造良好的生态环境 create a pleasant ecological environment
.[ NB"\<
q 促进城市可持续发展 promote the sustainable development of the city
MAQkk%6[g 发展太阳能 develop solar energy
BUuNI_?M#5 防治污染 prevent and control pollution
; Sq_DP1W 非常注重保护森林 pay great attention to the conservation of forest
pQ!NhzQ 改善生态环境 improve the eco-environment (ecological environment)
p,Qr9p3y 关闭化工厂 close chemical plants
z* "zXL C 加大污染治理力度 strengthen pollution control
u4, p.mZtb 加强城市绿化 strengthen the greening of the city
#\_N-bVu 加强环境保护 strengthen environmental protection
V^As@P8,'( 加强生态建设 improve the eco-construction
YJ3aJ^m#E 加强水土保持 reinforce the conservation of water and soil
OV_Y`u7 YR 坚持门前三包制度 adhere to “the three responsibilities in the gate area”
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`GV 减少机动车辆 reduce the number of vehicles
Cq(dj^/ ~m 减少浪费 reduce waste
esIE i!d 揭开人类生命的奥秘 decode the secret of human life
T;IaVMFG|d 进一步加快环保规划 further speed up environmental protection plans
Lo 5itW 禁止露天焚烧 prohibit burning out in the open
pQKR 开展保护野生动物宣传教育 advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals
